Genetic analyses of resistance of the wheat differential cultivars Carstens V and Spaldings Prolific to two races of Puccinia striiformis

Genetic analysis of resistance of wheat seedlings to two races of Puccinia striiformis was conducted on F₁, F₂ and F₃ generations from crosses Carstens V (CV) × Lee, Spaldings Prolific (SPA) × Lee and CV × SPA. F₂ generations from crosses of CV and SPA with Strubes Dickkopf (SD) were also studied. The plants were classified into six resistance classes and analysed by factorial correspondence analysis and nonhierarchical classification. The two P. striiformis isolates tested were a French isolate of race 43E138 and a Lebanese isolate of race 2E16, selected for the differences in their virulence spectra for the common differential cultivars Strubes Dickkopf and Nord Desprez. Resistance of CV and SPA was recessive and dominant to races 43E138 and 2E16, respectively. CV possessed three or four resistance genes, one of them being expressed with both races. Two genes of CV had a cumulative effect for resistance to 43E138 and two or three gave dominant resistance to 2E16. SPA had three resistance genes, all of which gave resistance to 2E16 and two of which also gave resistance to 43E138. SPA had one gene in common with CV for resistance to both races. Furthermore, the gene for resistance to race 2E16 in CV and SPA was allelic with a gene in SD, and was probably Yr25 .     

江汉平原水稻白叶枯病菌致病型的变异研究

 从水稻和稻田周围常见的10种杂草上来集梨孢属菌株,以涂沫法作交互接种,分离自牛筋草、狗尾草、法氏狗尾草、李氏禾、罗氏草、铺地黍、稗和马唐的梨孢菌与分离自水稻的梨孢菌可以交叉侵染其寄主,茭白和碎米莎草梨孢菌与稻梨孢菌不能交互侵染;自然诱发条件下来自牛筋草和狗尾草的梨孢菌与来自水稻的梨孢菌对其寄主同样发生交叉侵染。直接从杂草寄主上分离的梨孢菌株对水稻的致病性较弱,接种到水稻感病品种发病后再分离的菌株,对水稻致病性增强,对原寄主的致病性基本保持不变。推断稻瘟病区稻田周围牛筋草、狗尾草、法氏狗尾草、李氏禾、罗氏草、铺地黍、稗和马唐等杂草寄主上的梨孢菌在稻瘟病菌的积累和传播方面具有作用。     

Effects of blocking the expression of PKARⅠβ gene with antisense nucleotide on Shuang long-Jie gu Pill (SLJGP) containing serum osteoblast proliferation

AIM: To further investigate the role of PKARⅠβ in the growth-promoting effects of shuang long Jiegu pill (SLJGP), a Chinese medicine, on cultured osteoblasts. METHODS: pcDNA- antiPKARⅠβ, a recombinant expressing the antisense sequence of PKARⅠβ, was constructed and transformed HFOB1.19 by lipofectin. MTT was undertaken to assess the cell growth with the treatment of high dosage of SLJGP containing serum. RESULTS: Antisense gene blocked the growth-promoting effects of SLJGP containing serum on HFOB1.19. CONCLUSION: The function of SLJGP is closely related to cAMP-dependent protein kinase A.     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌外膜蛋白(OMP)5′末端保守区基因的克隆、表达及其免疫活性研究

以猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清7型25-4株基因组DNA为模板,PCR方法扩增外膜蛋白(OMP)5′末端保守区基因片段(OMPc),酶切及核苷酸序列分析鉴定后,与原核表达载体质粒pGEX-6P-1进行连接,构建成重组表达载体pGEX-OM-Pc,转入大肠杆菌BL21中,以IPTG进行诱导,SDS-PAGE电泳分析发现,转化了重组质粒的菌株所表达的融合蛋白相对分子量为34 kD,与实际预测相符,命名为GST-OMPc.GST亲和层析柱进行纯化,ELISA方法对纯化蛋白进行检测.结果表明:纯化蛋白GST-OMPc能够与兔抗猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌血清7型的阳性血清反应.OMPc蛋白的成功表达为其功能的研究打下基础.     

茶树LOX基因家族的鉴定及其在白茶萎凋过程的表达分析

脂肪族类化合物是植物芳香物质的重要组成部分,对白茶香气的形成具有重要作用.利用生物信息学方法,在染色体级别的茶树基因组数据库中,对LOX基因家族进行鉴定,从中获得12个茶树LOX基因家族成员,命名为CsLOX1～CsLOX12.12个茶树LOX基因序列,主要定位于细胞质或叶绿体中,其编码蛋白具有相同的特征结构域及保守基...     

德南牛全基因组变异解析和功能基因挖掘

[目的]研究德南牛的群体遗传结构和解析影响其重要性状的关键基因。[方法]通过主成分分析、群体进化树分析、群体遗传结构分析等方法,研究德南牛的遗传结构和与其他品种的亲缘关系;同时,利用全基因组SNP数据,计算德南牛与德国黄牛、南阳牛群体固定指数(Fst)和核苷酸多样性比值(π ratio)、复合似然比(CLR)、XP-EHH等多种选择信号指标,以筛选出德南牛基因组上受到选择的信号,鉴定出重要的候选基因。[结果] 德南牛具有欧洲普通牛(0.789)、东亚牛(0.176)、中国瘤牛(0.035)的混合血统。在θπ和CLR方法中鉴定出93个共有基因,使用FST和XP-EHH方法鉴定出17个共有基因。进行富集以及基因功能注释后,发现这些基因可能与生殖性能(TUBB3、NSD2、GRM1、ERBB4)、生长性状(RFX3、FGFR3、GABRB1、PDE4D)、环境适应性(PGR、GRIA4)和免疫系统反应(P2RY12、P2RY13、GPR87、P2RY14、GPR171)有关。[结论]本项研究发现德南牛血统受德国黄牛影响较多,且挖掘了德南牛基因组内可能具有经济意义的性状相关的选择特征,为德南牛种群的选育提高提供理论支撑。     

奶牛乳房炎相关功能基因组学与蛋白质组学研究进展

功能基因组学与蛋白质组学是在基因组和蛋白质整体水平上分析基因功能,研究技术包括差异显示反转录PCR、表达序列标签、基因表达系列分析、生物芯片、RNA干涉、生物信息学、二维凝胶电泳(2-DE)、质谱(MS)等.综述了功能基因组学和蛋白质组学及其研究技术在奶牛乳房炎相关的基因表达、抗性候选基因鉴定、病原微生物蛋白质组学、基因治疗、新诊断靶标筛选等的应用研究进展及展望.     

蚯蚓纤溶酶基因番茄表达载体的构建

为研究蚯蚓纤溶酶的番茄表达,构建EFE基因的番茄表达载体pF和pEF,并导入农杆菌。采用PCR法在EFE基因DNA序列上添加了表达调控元件和酶切位点后,得到新EFE基因片段,将该片段与切去GUS基因的pBI121载体相连,以构建CaMV35S驱动的EFE组成型表达载体pF;用PCR克隆得到的E8启动子片段替换pF上的35S启动子,以构建番茄成熟果实特异性表达载体pEF;最后,采用三亲交配法用重组质粒转化根癌农杆菌EHA105;结果表明:经过酶切、PCR和测序鉴定,EFE基因、E8启动子序列已重组到表达载体上,植物表达载体构建正确,并且已经转化进农杆菌EHA105中。     

美洲鲥鱼嗜水气单胞菌病原的分离与鉴定

2021年,山东省临沂市一养殖场养殖的美洲鲥鱼(Alosa sapidissima)突发疾病并出现严重死亡,日死亡率高峰期达到2.5%,累积死亡率约为90%。患病鱼主要症状为体表出血、溃疡,解剖可见腹腔腹水、肝脏暗红,并伴有肠炎。组织病理学检测发现,病鱼肝脏出现弥散性坏死,嗜碱性粒细胞增多和细胞肿胀空泡变性;脾脏出现出血性贫血性坏死灶、核破裂和核固缩;肾脏淋巴细胞坏死脱落,肾小体毛细血管球萎缩,近端小管和远端小管内的细胞出现不同程度的细胞结构消失。发病鱼肉眼和显微镜观察未见明显寄生虫,利用PCR方法检测鲤疱疹病毒2型(Cyprinid herpesvirus 2)、鲈鱼蛙病毒(largemouth bass ranavirus)等淡水鱼类常见病毒均为阴性。细菌分离培养结果显示,从发病鱼的肝脏、肾脏和脾脏中分离得到形态一致的优势菌,命名为AS-AH2101。经16S rRNA测序比对和生理生化鉴定,确定AS-AH2101为嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)。毒力基因检测结果显示,AS-AH2101携带气溶素(aerA)、溶血素(hlyA)、丝氨酸蛋白酶(ahpA)、...