Decreased transport of orally administered protein into the blood circulation of developing juveniles of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica

ABSTRACT: To clarify the quantitative changes in the transport of orally intubated protein into the blood circulation as macromolecules in development, immunoglobulin Y (IgY) extracted from chicken eggs was administered orally to juvenile Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica . For the first experiment, which was performed before the commencement of artificial feeding, the oral delivery of 2.0 μg/0.1 g bodyweight of IgY resulted in a rapid increase in plasma IgY to a maximum of 2.30 μg/mL. However, the transport of IgY into the blood decreased significantly in the experiments that followed, which were performed after 12, 25 and 42 days. During this period, bodyweight increased approximately by a factor of eight, and rapid growth of the stomach was observed histologically. Possible contributions for the development of the alimentary canal to the diminishment of intestinal protein assimilation are discussed.     

Grouped, stacked rods and tapeta lucida in the retina of Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus

ABSTRACT: Morphology of the photoreceptor cells and tapetum of the Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus was studied by histologically and by chemical analysis. The Japanese anchovy has a duplex retina. The cones form parallel rows consisting of alternately placed long cones and bifid cones. Both types of cones are intimately associated and form triple units that are regularly spaced along the row of cones. The rods are grouped and stacked. This fish has a retinal tapetum lucidum composed of guanine and hypoxanthine. Three structures of the tapetum lucidum were recognized: platelet, diamond and rod types. Photomechanical changes include movements of the photoreceptor cells and the retinal tapetum. The retina of the Japanese anchovy is thought to be highly sensitive and well adapted to a dim light environment.     

Questionnaire-based study on consumer requirements for beef quality in Japan

A questionnaire study examining Japanese consumers’ requirements for beef quality was carried out in April 2002 in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Answers from 532 participants were used for the statistical analysis. Twenty questions about sensory properties, appearance, safety and freshness, production area, price, and other properties were prepared. The answers were applied to principal component analysis. Five principal components were obtained and defined, and the principle component scores were used to classify participants. The panels were classified into four groups profiled as ‘specific quality orientated’, ‘Wagyu (Japanese beef) orientated’, ‘safety and freshness orientated’ and ‘overall high quality orientated’. In addition, gender and age characteristics were different among the groups. Sensory properties did not affect the classification of respondents.     

淡水池塘网箱养殖漠斑牙鲆试验报告

通过对漠斑牙鲆淡水池塘网箱养殖试验,掌握了该品种的生活习性,探索出漠斑牙鲆内陆地区淡水养殖模式,总结出养殖过程中应采取的技术措施。25m~2网箱总产漠斑牙鲆102．9 kg,平均单产4．12 kg/m~2,平均规格为306．25 g/尾,成活率达84%。     

猪瘟病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒和乙型脑炎病毒多重RT-PCR检测方法的建立

根据猪瘟病毒(CSFV)的E2基因保守序列、猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征病毒(PRRSV)的ORF7基因及部分ORF6和3-UTR基因序列和猪乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)的E基因保守序列,设计了3对引物,扩增大小分别为288 bp、430 bp和1 015 bp目的片段.以纯培养病毒抽提RNA,制备cDNA模板,利用3对引物,通过条件的优化,建立了同时检测这3种病毒的多重RT-PCR.CSFV、PRRSV和JEV的RNA最小检出量分别为0.270 ng、0.049 ng、0.067 ng,其它的RNA病毒如TGEV以及DNA病毒如PPV、PrV、PCV-2检测结果为阴性.以β-actin为对照,利用本方法检测了174份临床样品(血清、肺脏和胎儿),其结果为:PRRSV、CSFV和JEV的阳性率分别为30.4%、4.6%和1.7%;CSFV和PRRSV混合感染阳性率为1.7%.同时对临床样品中CSFV、JEV和PRRSV阳性PCR产物进行测序分析,发现CSFV、PRRSV和JEV的PCR产物序列和NCBI数据库中目标基因的同源性分别为92%、90%和89%,这证实了多重PCR的阳性结果为上述3种病毒.结果证明,所建立的多重RT-PCR可用于临床检测.     

日本古典园林植物配置的图解分析

本文阐述了日本古典园林中的配置植物种类以及日本人对植物选择的偏好。此基础之上,通过抽象图解的方式,对日本园林所运用的植物配置手法进行了现代视角的分析,并总结提出4条植物配置的主要特色：对植物进行造型修剪;“七五三”韵律模式：和动态平衡的构图方式;追求淡雅的色彩效果。     

双层棚架式栽培的日本梨品种光合特性初探

以双层棚架式栽培条件下的7个日本梨(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)品种为试材,采用Li-6400便携式光合作用测定系统,对各品种的光合特性进行了比较研究,结果表明,日本梨品种喜水、新高、清澄为光合能力和干物质积累能力较高、水分需求量较多的类型,秋荣较低,筑水、幸水、丰水的光合能力和水分消耗都属中等,而秋荣属于光合能力和水分消耗均较低的类型.建议在日照充足、灌溉条件好的地方发展日本梨可选喜水、新高、清澄,而灌溉条件较差的地方可选秋荣.整形方式可采用双层棚架式.     

饥饿和再投喂对日本黄姑鱼代谢率和消化器官组织学的影响

采用封闭式呼吸仪测定日本黄姑鱼(8.14±1.07 g)在饥饿和恢复投喂过程中的耗氧率;用石蜡切片法观察和分析饥饿和再投喂对日本黄姑鱼消化器官形态结构和组织学的影响。结果表明:随着饥饿时间的延长,其耗氧率逐渐降低;恢复投喂之后,其耗氧率开始逐步上升。从组织结构看,食道无明显变化,而胃、肠和肝胰脏则随着饥饿时间的延长出现不同程度的损伤;饥饿5 d组无明显变化,而饥饿15 d组变化明显,表现为胃腺细胞收缩,皱壁和上皮细胞高度减少,分泌颗粒减少,肠胃绒毛退化,肝组织致密,肝细胞内脂滴减少,胰腺泡缩小,排列不规则;饥饿10 d组介于饥饿5 d组和饥饿15 d组之间,再投喂各主要结构均有恢复。     

牙鲆盾纤毛虫病的药物防治试验

试验结果表明:CH3OH(>400.0×10-6)和CuSO4(淡水条件下)对牙鲆盾纤毛虫病有较好的杀除效果;结合使用中草药"盾纤虫清"能彻底治愈此病。淡水浸泡、H2O2、KMnO4等方法可杀死牙鲆体内盾纤毛虫。