Desiccation-tolerance ofFagus crenata blume seeds from localities of different snowfall regime in central Japan

In beech (Fagus crenata Blume) forests on the Pacific Ocean side in Central Japan, snowpack depth is little and xeric conditions may prevail in winter, in contrast to heavy snow in beech forests on the Japan Sea side. The effects of such conditions during winter on the viability of beech seeds were studied at a beech forest on the Pacific Ocean side. Thickness and weight ratio of pericarp of beech seeds were significantly greater in populations on the Pacific Ocean side compared to the Japan Sea side, this apparently being related to snowpack depth in winter. During the initial stage of seed drying, the drying rate of seeds from the Fuji population (the Pacific Ocean side) was less than that from the Sumon population (the Japan Sea side), possibly due to the thicker pericarp. Germination percentage of seeds which dried to a water content as low as 7% d.w. did not decrease for either population, indicating desiccation tolerance of beech seeds. In the beech forest (University Forest at Yamanaka) on the Pacific Ocean side, water content of seeds sown below litter from both populations remained sufficient for viability during winter. Germinating seeds from the populations on the Japan Sea side were more desiccation-sensitive in early spring, compared to those from the Fuji population, partially due possibly to differences in pericarp thickness.     

保存光强对耐干藓生理特性与营养繁殖的影响

【目的】研究不同保存光强对耐干藓生理特性与营养繁殖的影响,为耐干藓营养繁殖及人工培养提供理论依据。【方法】以黄土丘陵区常见3种耐干藓优势种(扭口藓、土生对齿藓、短叶对齿藓)为材料,在0 lx(遮光,L0)、20 lx(避光,L1)、4 000 lx(温室,L2)下以干燥状态保存89 d,测定保存前后配子体生理指标(叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、丙二醛含量)与萌发参数(配子体萌发率、配子体增加量、配子体活力指数),研究不同保存光强对耐干藓生理特性与营养繁殖的影响。【结果】除了土生对齿藓和短叶对齿藓的叶绿素含量以及短叶对齿藓L0、L2处理的可溶性糖含量外,不同光照处理的3个藓种的不同生理指标均高于保存前。随着光强的增加,土生对齿藓和短叶对齿藓的叶绿素含量总体均呈现下降的趋势,扭口藓叶绿素含量则先增加后下降;扭口藓可溶性糖含量下降,土生对齿藓可溶性糖含量无显著变化,短叶对齿藓可溶性糖含量先增加后下降;扭口藓和土生对齿藓的可溶性蛋白质含量增大,短叶对齿藓的可溶性蛋白质含量则先增加后下降;扭口藓和短叶对齿藓的丙二醛含量先增后减,土生对齿藓的丙二醛含量呈现先下降后增加的趋势。随着光强的增加,扭口藓萌发参数均呈增加的趋势,土生对齿藓的萌发参数变化均不显著,短叶对齿藓的萌发参数均呈降低趋势。叶绿素含量与配子体萌发率存在显著正相关(P0.05),可溶性蛋白质含量则与配子体萌发率存在极显著正相关(P0.01),可溶性糖含量与配子体增加量有极显著负相关关系(P0.01)。可知叶绿素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质含量变化对藓类复水后的营养繁殖结果影响较大。【结论】长期干燥期间,光强影响藓类细胞膜渗透性,使其生理特性与营养繁殖能力发生明显变化。不同耐干藓适宜的保存光强存在差异。