A genetic linkage map in southern‐by‐spring oat identifies multiple quantitative trait loci for adaptation and rust resistance

We developed 178 recombinant inbred lines from a southern‐by‐spring oat population designated as “TxH.” These lines were genotyped to generate a high‐quality linkage map that resolved 6,902 markers into 21 linkage groups that matched closely with the latest hexaploid oat consensus map. Three major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting heading date were found in locations that are consistent with known QTLs and candidate genes, and two other QTLs affecting heading date were found in novel locations. Five QTLs affecting plant height were found. Both sets of QTLs are responsible for transgressive segregation observed for these two traits. Four QTLs affecting resistance to crown rust, caused by the pathogen Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae, were identified. Two of these QTLs are consistent with known clusters of rust resistance genes, while two may represent new locations of novel rust resistance genes. A complete set of SNP sequences suitable for generating markers for molecular selection is provided.     

筒式结构拆除的力学分析

根据力学原理，分析讨论了钢筋混凝土筒式结构定向倾倒的切口高度和切口角度．     

小麦矮秆育种中性状间关系的多元分析

以7个株高梯度系列的35个系统及5个亲本品种为材料,采用典范分析和逐步回归分析研究了株高及其构成因子与产量因子、产量生理性状间的关系。结果表明:①株高因子通过产量生理性状影响产量因子,一定的生物学产量是获得高产的基础。②矮秆品种的高化对提高产量、千粒重和收获指数有利,对蛋白质含量的影响不明显;高秆品种矮化能显著提高收获指数,对籽粒的蛋白质含量影响不大。③在主要性状符合育种目标的前提下,选择倒二节间较长、第一和第二叶间距略长、穗颈和穗部较长的类型可能对提高产量有利。     

四川的云南松地径胸径相关关系及其应用研究

本文报道了四川的云南松树干在部三个不同部位直径(地表直径d0．00、0.05m高处直径d0.05、0.1Om高处直径d0.10)与胸径(d1．3)的相关关系，利用其编制了四川云南松地径一元材积表，并对其在四川云南松林区进行盗伐木、滥砍乱伐木材积估计和监测森林资源消耗量等方面的应用进行了探讨。四川云南松地径与胸径最佳关系模型为二次抛物线回归方程，相关系数r=0，999217～0．999380，剩余平方和Q=179．3391～226．4480，且d0.10与d1．3相关关系最为紧密。     

四个紫花苜蓿品种种子萌发期耐盐性研究

在实验室内模拟的盐分条件下,用不同浓度的Na Cl盐溶液对4个紫花苜蓿品种(中苜1号、中苜3号、中草3号和陇东苜蓿)种子萌发期进行盐胁迫处理。结果表明:低浓度(0.2%和0.4%)的盐溶液对苜蓿的发芽率和幼苗苗高抑制作用不显著,对幼根具有一定的刺激作用。0.8%和1.0%的Na Cl溶液处理下发芽率、0.6%的Na Cl溶液处理下的幼苗苗高和幼根生长量可以作为苜蓿种子萌发期耐盐性鉴定指标。对四个紫花苜蓿品种的发芽率、幼苗苗高、幼根生长量、耐盐半致死浓度四个指标进行综合分析,结果表明:中苜1号耐盐性最强,其次是中苜3号和中草3号,陇东苜蓿最弱。     

小兴安岭天然林不同树种的树高曲线模型

选用10种树高曲线模型作为候选模型,以决定系数(R~2)、残差平方和(S_(se))和均方差(M_(se))作为模型优劣的评价指标,对小兴安岭天然林中的云杉(Picea asperata)、红松(Pinus koraiensis)、水曲柳(Fraxinus mandschurica)、椴树(Tilia tuan)4种树种的树高曲线模型进行优选。结果表明:云杉、红松和椴树的最优模型均为Logistic模型,水曲柳的最优模型为抛物线模型;云杉和红松两种针叶树种,最优模型的优势不明显,水曲柳和椴树两种阔叶树种最优模型的优势较明显;比较R~2的大小,得出较适合小兴安岭云杉和红松两种针叶树种的树高曲线模型(R~20.8),对小兴安岭阔叶树种的适用程度不具有普遍性,对椴树的适用性好(R~2最大达0.94),对水曲柳的适用性较差(R~20.8)。对水曲柳的树高进行分段研究得出:水曲柳在树高低于9 m时,树高曲线模型较适宜(R~20.8),其中抛物线模型为最优模型;树高较高时,没有适用的树高曲线模型。     

Soybean plant height QTL mapping and meta‐analysis for mining candidate genes

Plant height is closely related to seed yield of soybean. The goal of this study was to identify important loci affecting soybean plant height using meta‐analysis based on a reference physical map. Plant height related to QTLs was mapped across eight years with a RIL population by WinQTLCart v2.5. 182 QTLs related to plant height of soybean from database and our research were collected, and each QTL was projected onto the soybean physical map by software BioMercator v2.1. The confidence interval of meta‐QTL ranged from 0.09 to 5.07 Mb, and the mean phenotypic variance ranged from 4.9% to 73.0%. Furthermore, 4,259 candidate genes were located in these consensus QTLs, and 40 of them were involved in the plant growth and stem elongation and annotated as plant hormone signal transduction (pathway ID ko04075) in KEGG pathway. These results would lay a foundation for fine mapping of QTLs/genes related to plant height and marker‐assisted selection for breeding in soybean.     

新疆恒源煤矿新近系水体采动等级评价

指出了恒源煤矿侏罗系煤系地层基本无水,主要充水水源为新近系独山子组的孔隙-裂隙含水层,但是主井筒开拓时,开始涌水量很小,继续向下开拓时,井筒涌水量超过1000m3/h。计算了煤层"两带"高度和新近系含水层与下覆煤系地层间距,研究表明:煤系地层与新近系水体间并无直接的水力联系,具体的涌水来源尚无定论,估算矿井的最大涌水量为160.74m3/h,正常涌水量为53.58m3/h。     

“高粱+再生高粱”高产高效栽培技术研究

为提高高粱在"种植一季有余、两季不足"的温光资源条件下的种植效益,以‘泸糯12号’为研究材料,通过优化播期、促芽肥等关键技术研制"高粱+再生高粱"高产高效栽培技术,再与传统技术进行对比试验。结果表明,"高粱+再生高粱"高产高效栽培技术要点是2月底至3月5日前播种,种植密度101055株/hm~2,头季高粱收获前10天及时施纯氮150 kg/hm~2,留桩高度控制在近地面第1节位,每窝保留再生苗2~3苗。应用"高粱+再生高粱"高产高效栽培技术后两季高粱产量和效益,较传统高粱种植技术分别增长120.3%、84.3%,增产增效效果显著。因此,"高粱+再生高粱"高产高效栽培技术适宜区域大面积推广。     

帽儿山地区脂松种源试验林生长指标分析

引进优良的外来树种可以丰富本国或本地区林业建设的树种资源,增加木材产量和林产品的种类。通过对引进的美国东部7个脂松种源进行试验,得出更适宜栽植区的种源。在树高方面,较好的4个种源依次为MIDC(Dickenson County,Michigan)、MNCNF(Chippewa National Forest,Minnesota)、MIMC(Manistee County,Michigan)和WIOC(Oneida County,Wisconsin);2004年高生长较好的4个种源依次为WIOC、MIDC、MIMC和MNCNF;2005年高生长较好的4个种源依次为MIDC、MIMC、MNCNF和WIOC;地径较好的4个种源依次为MIDC、WIOC、MIMC、MNCNF。该4个种源间各项生长指标差异不显著;在保存率方面,7个种源间差异不明显。