弗吉尼亚霉素促进肉鸡生长的研究

本试验应用5mg·kg~(-1)(Ⅰ)、10mg·kg~(-1)(Ⅱ)和20mg·kg~(-1)(Ⅲ)3个剂量的弗吉尼亚霉素,并设20mg·kg~(-1)杆菌肽锌(Ⅳ)组和空白对照(Ⅴ)组,对900只 AA 肉鸡进行对比饲养试验。在整个试验期间,与空白对照组比较,试验Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ和Ⅳ组肉鸡的增重分别提高了2.23%,5.42%,5.15%和2.52%;饲料/增重分别降低了1.30%,4.35%,4.35%和1.30%;肉鸡的死亡率分别下降了0%,2.22%,1.67%和0.55%;经济效益分别提高了3.39%,11.445,9.11%和3.81%。并且试验Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组肉鸡的增重、饲料转化率和经济效益均明显(P<0.05)高于试验Ⅳ组。试验各组的屠宰指标无明显差异(P>0.05)。从上所述,肉鸡饲料中添加弗吉尼亚霉素或杆菌肽锌均能降低肉鸡死亡率,提高肉鸡增重、饲料转化率和经济效益,其中10mg·kg~(-1)和20mg·kg~(-1)弗吉尼亚霉素组的效果优于其它各组。建议在肉鸡生产中使用弗吉尼亚霉素的推荐剂量为10～20mg·kg~(-1)。     

无公害添加剂预混料对肉仔鸡的饲喂效果

选用1日龄商品代艾维茵混合健雏4000只,采用完全随机单因子设计分2组。每组设5个重复,每重复400只,试验期49d。对照组饲喂基础日粮+商品性预混料,药物添加剂为维吉尼亚霉素(5mg/kg)+盐霉素(50mg/kg);试验组饲喂基础日粮+自配预混料,未添加任何抗生素,其非营养性添加剂配方为:21日龄前300mg/kg的糖萜素+0.3%迈克活菌酶+0.06%生命素,21日龄后200mg/kg糖萜素+0.2%迈克活菌酶+0.05%生命素。结果表明,试验用自配预混料,在体增重、饲料利用率、生物学综合评定结果和经济效益等方面均优于商品性预混料,平均日增重提高14.11%,料重比下降8.13%,每只鸡赢利提高1.29元,综合效益提高7.96%。     

Effect of virginiamycin and monensin supplementation on performance of multiparous Holstein cows

This study was conducted to determine the effects of monensin or virginiamycin, or both on the performance of and some energy balance parameters in Holstein cows. Forty multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized complete block design experiment. The basal diet was a total mixed ration based on lucerne hay (38% of DM) and ground maize (34% of DM). The experimental treatments were (1) control diet (C); (2) control diet plus 15 ppm of monensin (M); (3) control diet plus 20 ppm of virginiamycin (V), and control plus M (15 ppm) plus V (20 ppm). Cows received 8 kg/d (as fed) of the experimental diets plus ad libitum Eragrostis curvula hay from 3 weeks prepartum and only the experimental diets from calving until 60 days postpartum. Cows were milked twice daily. Dry matter intake did not differ between treatments, but energy corrected milk production was increased (P < 0.10) by supplementing V + M (43.3 kg/d) when compared to treatments M (36.9 kg/d) and V (37.9 kg/d). Change in body weight tended (P = 0.11) to be lower for cows supplemented with V + M (− 8.1 kg/60 d) when compared to cows receiving the control diet (− 34.2 kg/60 d). Both treatments M and V respectively, decreased blood BHBA and treatment M increased blood glucose when compared to the control diet (P < 0.10). Results suggest a complimentary effect between the two additives monensin and virginiamycin when supplemented to early lactation cows.