金沙江干热河谷3种阔叶树育苗试验

将新银合欢、大叶相思和羽叶山黄麻的种子作酸蚀3,6,12 m in及水浸-凉水浸泡24 h、50℃温水浸烫浸泡24 h、开水浸烫浸泡24 h处理.处理后的种子室内和场圃发芽情况表明:酸蚀适用于3树种,酸蚀3水平对种子发芽率影响差异显著,效应为6 m in>12 m in>3 m in;而水浸3个水平对种子发芽影响差异不明显;3树种处理最优组合(A1B2C2,A2B2C3和A3B2C1)种子发芽率分别达90.0%,84.3%,76.4%.处理与不处理种子培育的苗木苗期和初植幼树生长情况表明:上述种子处理方法对苗木和幼树的生长无不良影响.     

Biomass,Mineral Accumulation,and Calcium Crystals in Trema micrantha (L.) Blume as a Function of Calcium Carbonate Addition

Trema micrantha (L.) Blume is a neotropical multipurpose tree species, which could be used in forest restoration and agroforestry. Several cultures, however, require liming to satisfactory yields in acid soils. Therefore, it is important to determine the effect of liming to this native species, in order to include it in agroforestry associations. The aim of this work was to evaluate the morphological changes of T. micrantha, including the calcium oxalate (druses) and cystolith density, as caused by the calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) addition. The assay included three treatments: control, pH 5.3; treatment 1, pH 5.5; treatment 2, pH 6.0. The liming reduced the root biomass and increased the shoot biomass. The leaf specific mass and nutrients concentration were not changed. The leaves presented higher density of druses in treatment 2. The cystolith density was not modified, but the cystolith size was increased by the liming. The results indicate liming tolerance in this species.     

山黄麻在马关锌铟矿山废弃地不同植被恢复模式中的生态适应性研究

在对马关都龙镇锌铟矿山废弃地所设置的10种植被恢复配置模式试验所形成的群落进行植被调查和土壤养分测定的基础上,分析了山黄麻在各群落类型中的生长差异、分布与生态因子的相关性。结果表明,在该废弃地上,山黄麻迁入定居除受种子散布及植被恢复过程中草本层盖度影响外,能适应不同植物群落、不同土壤养分环境,其树高年均生长量为1.8 m,胸径的年均生长量达1.6 cm,树高和胸径的生长速度分级达速生水平,表现出对马关锌铟矿山废弃地较强的生态适应能力。山黄麻可作为马关锌铟矿山废弃地植被恢复初期的先锋树种加以利用。     

羽脉山黄麻嫩枝扦插繁殖技术研究

羽脉山黄麻速生 ,耐干旱 ,耐瘠薄 ,适应性强 ,是长江两岸冲刷严重和受到人为开山修路等活动严重破坏地段的理想造林树种 ,大力发展羽脉山黄麻具有重要的生态、经济和社会意义。本试验通过对比和统计分析方法研究了ABT生根剂、扦插基质、枝条的剪切部位等因子对羽脉山黄麻生根的影响。试验结果表明 :扦插时取枝条中上部作为插穗 ,用浓度为 50 0mg L的ABT溶液速蘸插穗基部 ,以珍珠岩为基质扦插生根效果最好。同时对生根质量与移栽成活率的关系进行了回归分析 ,该分析结果为提高羽脉山黄麻扦插生根苗的移栽成活率提供了依据     

Trema micrantha toxicity in horses in Brazil

After ingesting green leaves of T. micrantha, 2 horses showed apathy, locomotor deficit, blindness, recumbency, paddling, coma and death. The main gross findings were scattered haemorrhages, enhanced lobular pattern of the liver, and cerebral oedema. Histological changes included disseminated haemorrhages, massive hepatocellular necrosis, neuronal degeneration, Alzheimer type II astrocytes and cerebral perivascular oedema. Clinicopathological findings which were comparable with those observed in Trema micrantha poisoned ruminants, associated with epidemiological evidence suggested the diagnosis.Trema micrantha poisoning should be evaluated as a possible cause in the diagnosis of equine hepatopathy and occasional secondary encephalopathy.     

喀斯特峡谷石漠化区羽叶山黄麻造林试验研究

对羽叶山黄麻进行了苗木培育和造林试验,结果表明:不同育苗方式苗期生长差异明显;育苗方式对造林成活率和苗木生长影响明显,大田苗造林成活率极低,塑料袋容器苗造林后缓苗现象明显,对伏旱季节的适应能力差;黑色硬质塑料控根容器苗造林后能平稳生长,受伏旱季节影响不明显;直播造林苗分异明显,优势株形成后,表现出较强的生长势;不同的整地方式和地面覆盖对成活率无明显影响,但对苗木地径生长影响明显,爆破整地明显有利于苗木地径生长;羽叶山黄麻用于岩溶峡谷石漠化地区植被恢复,在松动土石坡可优先选用直播方式造林,在土层浅薄的石漠化灌草地块造林,可选黑色用硬质塑料控根容器苗。     

羽脉山黄麻的生物学特性及其开发潜力的研究

羽脉山黄麻是1种根系发达、对环境要求较低、适应能力强、材质优良、生长速度快的优良树种,具有良好的防护用途和很高的经济开发利用价值。在目前我国森林资源匮乏、森林质量不高、可用资源不断减少的情况下,大力发展羽脉山黄麻具有重要的生态、经济和社会意义。笔者以三峡库区香溪河流域的调查为依据,分析说明羽脉山黄麻的生物学特性、生理特性、生态特征及树种改良的方法及其开发潜力。     

浓硫酸处理对狭叶山黄麻种子萌发的影响

[目的]探讨浓H2SO4浸种处理对狭叶山黄麻种子萌发的影响。[方法]采用浓H2SO4浸种处理,设置1、3、5、7、9、11、13 min 7个浸种时间,研究浓H2SO4处理对狭叶山黄麻种子发芽势和发芽率的影响。[结果]浓H2SO4处理对狭叶山黄麻种子的萌发有极显著的影响,不同处理时间狭叶山黄麻种子发芽率和发芽势有较明显的差异。[结论]在处理时间为9 min时,狭叶黄麻种子发芽势和发芽率均达到最高,分别为45.00%、82.67%。     

麻柳树的育苗技术

麻柳树是干热河谷地区的优良造林树种。其育苗的难点是种子外种皮厚而坚硬,且具蜡质,吸水性差,发芽时间长达数月之久。育苗的关键是用９５％浓流酸处理种子,去除蜡质,再用５０℃温水浸种催芽,待种子芽点露白后,移入营养袋内,可缩短发芽时间,并使之出苗整齐。     

两广榆科植物新资料

本文报道了采用广东，广西的榆科植物２新种－广西朴和杂性山黄麻，以及广东分布新记录－异叶紫弹树。