Rhizogenesis of GF677, Early Crest,May Crest and Arm King stem cuttings during the year in relation to carbohydrate and natural hormone content

The rhizogenesis of GF677, Early Crest, May Crest and Arm King stem cuttings during the year was investigated. The results showed significant differences in the rooting percentage between different dates of cutting collection and also between the four cultivars. Among these, GF677 generally had the highest rooting percentage. Rooting of cuttings was high in October, November and February and relatively low in the periods March–September and December–January. Interactions among cultivars were also found.     

Occurrence of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phaeoacremonium</Emphasis> spp. and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phaeomoniella chlamydospora</Emphasis> in grape propagation materials and young grapevines

During a 6-year study, grapevine propagation materials and young grapevines were analysed to evaluate the presence of internal wood discolouration and the occurrence of fungal species involved in Petri disease. The intensity of wood discolouration increased with the ageing of the plants. The maximum incidence of dark streaks was observed in the rootstock while necrosis originating from buds or nodes were notably present in the trunk and cordon of older vines. In contrast, the highest levels of brown-red halo symptoms, defined as discoloured areas around the pith, were recorded in the early growth stages. Phaeoacremonium spp. and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora were usually isolated from the rooted-grafts and the 3-year old plants, respectively. The number of infected grapevines increased with age. Most of the P. chlamydospora strains were isolated from dark streaks or dots, while Phaeoacremonium spp. were detected in brown-red halo symptoms and other symptomatic or asymptomatic wood. The greatest incidence of the two fungal taxa was recorded in the lower parts of the grapevine, including the roots and rootstock.     

Variation in Shoot Anatomy and Rooting Behaviour of Stem Cuttings in Relation to Age of Donor Plants in Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.)

Shoot anatomical features viz., number of vessel elements, width and length of vessel and fibre elements were studied in relation to juvenility/maturity of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.). The findings show significant differences in these features, which indicates that variation in shoot anatomy can be used as a reliable indicator of juvenility/maturity in teak. The effect of age of donor plants and application of auxins on adventitious root formation in single noded leafy stem cuttings of teak was also investigated. Aging of donor trees suppressed rooting and sprouting of cuttings, but increased callus formation at the base of cuttings. Per cent rooting and per cent sprouting in cuttings decreased as age of donor plants increased from 2-months to 15-years and up to 30-years. IBA treatment promoted per cent rooting as well as per cent sprouting, NAA promoted only rooting and it suppressed sprouting. The effect of auxin treatment on rooting and sprouting of teak stem cuttings varied with the age of donor plants. Auxin and its concentration, which suppressed rooting and sprouting in cuttings of younger donor plants, actually promoted rooting when cuttings were taken from more mature donor plants. It appears that the auxin requirement for causing and promoting rooting in teak cuttings increased with increasing age of donor plants. The higher auxin requirement for causing and promoting rooting in cuttings of older trees may be due to a decrease in the content on endogenous auxins or decreased sensitivity of aging tissues to rooting promoters and /or accumulation of inhibitory substances which inhibit rooting.     

我国林木良种采穗圃创建技术研究进展

本文总结了我国林木良种采穗圃建设技术的研究进展。从林木树种种类、立地条件选择、建立方法、建立类别、种苗来源、景观模式构建、密度设计、栽植坑规格、管护等方面阐明了建设技术体现的＂适地适树适结构＂原则,并对采穗圃发展面临的三个结合与一个重视进行了强调。     

红皮云杉的扦插繁殖技术

在全光自控喷雾条件下，对不同年龄的红皮云杉硬枝和嫩枝进行了扦插繁殖。试验结果表明：在扦插繁殖中存在着明显的年龄效应和位置效应，来自于小年龄母株，树冠中下部的插穗具有较高的生根能力；用硝酸盐稀土１００μｇ／ｇ浸泡插穗３ｈ可使７年生嫩枝插穗生根率达８８．７２％，高出对照３１．９％；扦插苗移栽的最佳时间为８月中旬，扦插苗不定根数目是影响移栽成活率的重要因素。     

落叶松嫩枝扦插插穗长度对生根的影响

插穗长度是影响落叶松嫩枝扦插生根的重要因子之一。笔者于清原县大孤家林场和宽甸县太平哨林场采用不同长度插穗进行了嫩枝扦插试验。结果表明:10~16 cm长度插穗是落叶松嫩枝扦插的最适宜长度,26~30 cm长度插穗生根最差。相关分析结果表明,插穗长度与生根率呈极显著负相关,插穗长度与生根匀称率呈显著负相关。     

河北毛白杨苗期生长规律研究

本文研究了毛白杨不同部位插穗在太谷地区的物候差异、日生长规律和年生长规律，其结果是基、中、梢部插穗先芽后根分别相差１０、１７、４０天；１９至１时的生长量占全天生长量的５１．１％，且２１和１时为两个生长高峰，９时生长量最小；一年生扦插苗在速生期（６．１５～８．１４）有一个生长暂缓期（７．２４～３１），故出现一个生长小高峰（７．２４）和一个生长大高峰（８．１４），且速生期地径生长与苗高生长交错进行；一年生平茬苗速生期高，住生长趋势与扦插苗相似，但两个生长高峰分别提前１２和３４天。     

西藏沙棘容器扦插育苗研究

[目的]针对西藏沙棘开发利用的现状,为了保持其优良性状,设计无性扦插繁育方式,分析研究西藏沙棘容器扦插育苗的基本方法。[方法]研究50、100、150、200μg/ml GGR溶液对西藏沙棘扦插成活率、生根数、根长的影响。[结果]西藏沙棘1年生嫩枝扦插,在GGR浓度为100μg/ml,扦插深度是插条长度的1/2时有较高的成活率。[结论]浓度为100μg/ml GGR溶液适合于当地西藏沙棘扦插的催根处理。     

垂丝海棠插穗生根与可溶性蛋白和激素变化的关系

利用SDS-PADE电泳技术和酶联免疫吸附分析法,研究了垂丝海棠插穗切口处的可溶性蛋白质变化和激素变化与生根的关系.结果表明:46KD、39KD、31KD、28KD、26KD、24KD等可溶性蛋白质等与生根有关.其中,39KD、26KD、24KD是调控蛋白,其作用是诱导细胞的脱分化和再分化,愈伤组织形成及根原基的产生有关,当不定根形成后即消失,46KD、31KD、28KD蛋白是伴随不定根产生而新形成的蛋白,促进垂丝海棠插穗的生根,46KD蛋白是一种阻碍细胞分化的蛋白,对生根不利.     

翅柃扦插繁殖技术研究

以翅柃为试验材料,对其进行了不同时间、不同激素及不同激素浓度处理的扦插试验。试验结果表明,翅柃扦插繁殖应选择在秋季进行,采用50 mg.L-1浓度的吲哚丁酸通过17 h的浸泡,其成活率可达到62%。