试论速生丰产林持续发展的种苗问题及其对策

为保证福建省速生丰产林持续优质发展，系统分析了与营造速生丰产林相关的种苗基础和种苗问题，提出了与发展速生丰产林相适应的种苗对策．     

辽东地区落叶松人工林连作对立地质量的影响

采用解析木导向曲线法编制了辽东地区日本落叶松地位指数表。在此基础上，对落叶松地拉指数与立地因子及落叶松栽植代数的关系进行了分析，认为不同栽植代数对落叶松人工森地位指数影响差异显，落叶松连作造成立地质量下降。     

秃杉人工林施肥效应试验初报

采用不同肥料种类和施肥剂量对秃杉人工林进行施肥对比试验。观测胸径、树高和蓄积生长量,分析不同肥料种类和施肥剂量对秃杉人工幼龄林高、粗和蓄积生长量的效应。试验结果表明,合理的施肥措施对秃杉人工林生长有明显促进作用,与对照相比,年高生长增加34%,粗生长增加26%,蓄积生长增加35%。     

不同栽培模式茶园黑刺粉虱发生规律

为明确北方茶园黑刺粉虱发生规律, 2016年—2017年于山东烟台系统研究了日光温室盖保温被?日光温室及露地3种栽培模式茶园黑刺粉虱发生规律?结果表明, 3种栽培模式茶园黑刺粉虱均以若虫在叶片背面越冬, 1年发生4代, 世代重叠严重?日光温室盖保温被栽培模式越冬代成虫羽化较日光温室和露地栽培发生早28 d左右, 日光温室和露地栽培模式下黑刺粉虱发生期差异不显著?3种栽培模式茶园黑刺粉虱成虫全年均有4次发生高峰期, 第1次高峰期日光温室盖保温被栽培模式较日光温室早20 d左右, 日光温室较露地早30 d左右?黑刺粉虱发生量依次为日光温室>露地>日光温室盖保温被, 均于10月上旬陆续以3龄若虫在叶片背面越冬?     

Effect of Cropping on Changes in Phosphorus Fractions of Soils from Arable and Other Forest Land Use: A Greenhouse Bioassay

Abstract

Laboratory and greenhouse studies were conducted on six soils from natural reserves, seven plantation soils, and two arable soils from the Omo biosphere reserves in southwestern Nigeria to assess the phosphorus (P) fractions and the extent to which the soils could support five consecutive cycles of maize (Zea mays L.) harvest. The organic‐P fractions constitutes about 50% of the total P, and the inorganic‐P fractions in the order of abundance was iron (Fe) P>occluded P>aluminum (Al)‐P>calcium (Ca) P. The residual P constituted about 20% of the total P. There were significant reductions in the inorganic‐P fractions after five consecutive maize harvests; this was however, more pronounced in the available P (Bray 1). About 62% reduction in Bray 1 P was recorded after maize harvests. The reductions in the P forms after five cycles of maize harvest was Bray 1 P>Ca P>residual P>Al P>total P>Fe P>organic P>occluded P>reductant P. The capacity of the soils to support maize growth without fertilization varied widely in each of the maize cycle. Soil from natural reserves produced a significantly higher maize yield compared to most plantation soils. The arable soils investigated were depleted of their fertility after the third crop harvest.     

黄土丘陵沟壑区沙棘人工林不同恢复阶段物种多样性与土壤肥力的关系研究

对黄土高原丘陵沟壑区沙棘人工林不同恢复阶段物种多样性与土壤肥力的关系进行了研究.结果表明,在沙棘人工林恢复的初、中期阶段,α-多样性指数和土壤肥力(有机质含量和氮含量)的增加正相关较明显,在恢复的中期β-多样性指数变化较强烈,且土壤有机质含量变化较大,表现出在沙棘人工林恢复的同时,土壤有机质含量也会有所增加,二者基本上是同步的.对土壤肥力与沙棘人工林植物组成性状的关系进行多元回归分析后发现,土壤全氮与木本植物种数、植物种数和物种多样性等因素有关;全磷与物种多样性等因素有关;土壤全钾和pH值的变化比较复杂,与植物组成性状的关系不明显.     

杨树低产林成因及对策——以宿州市踊桥区祁县镇为例

通过设立固定标准地对杨树的中幼林龄期和近熟林龄期生长情况进行调查分析，了解踊桥区祁县镇不同立地条件下杨树长势，判断林分立地条件对生长量影响的关键因子，并进行了标准地土壤剖面结构、理化性质和土壤养分含量对比，结论如下：影响杨树生长的关键因素是林地土层厚度，分析了杨树低产林形成原因是：土壤层浅、瘠薄、空隙度小、质地粘重。并提出相应对策：杨树低产林改造；加强中幼林抚育、进行土壤改良；发展林下经济改善土壤结构理化性质；营造复层林、间接改良土壤，提高林地综合利用率。     

桑天牛自然种群生命表的初步研究

毛白杨幼林地桑天牛主要死亡因子为:卵寄生蜂寄生、啄木鸟啄食和林木折断或枯死后影响其生长发育等。经过一代自然种群生命表初步研究,结果其种群趋势指效为3.84.     

Factors affecting a sheep vegetation management system in British Columbia, Canada

A silvopastoral agroforestry system involving sheep is an important silvicultural issue. We examined the factors that affect the continuation or discontinuation of sheep vegetation management (SVM) in British Columbia. A questionnaire was used to conduct interviews with a randomly selected sample of contractors and farmers who were involved in SVM in British Columbia (BC). Based on a stepwise discriminant analysis, we found that the profitability of SVM, and the practitioners' commitment (number of ewes owned by the farmer or contractor), experience (number of years the farmer or contractor has practiced SVM on public lands in BC) and trust or confidence (number of years the farmer or contractor has consistently worked for the landlord) contributed to the farmer's or contractor's continuation or discontinuation of SVM practice. The factors we defined seemed to be validated (corroborated) by a complex of determinants voiced by various experts concerning the relationship between SVM and the forestry economy in BC, the scale of sheep farming in BC, the relative absence of an agricultural infrastructure to support sheep farming in BC, and the continuity of SVM from year to year. Further investigation into these factors and others is required to advance our understanding of SVM in British Columbia. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.