多传感器信息融合及其在农业中的应用

多传感器信息融合在现代军事C3I(指挥、控制、通信与情报)系统中,以及许多民事领域得到了广泛应用。为此,在对多传感器信息融合技术进行综述的基础上,介绍了此技术在民事各领域中的研究应用进展,并进一步论述了信息融合技术在推进新的农业科技革命、对“精细农业”技术的发展中的广阔应用前景和深远意义。     

多传感器信息融合技术及在农业工程中的应用前景

多传感器信息融合技术是20世纪80年代形成和发展起来的一种自动化信息综合处理技术，具有改善系统性能的巨大潜力。该文介绍了近年来多传感器信息技术在智能检测、智能制造、工业控制、工业机器人、智能交通、遥感以及农业工程等方面的应用研究与进展。特别指出了在农业工程领域中的应用前景广阔，目前可逐步应用于智能检测与控制系统、生产过程监视、精确农业技术、农业资源和农业环境的观测及监控方面，其将为农业生产的信息化和知识化提供技术上的支持。     

多源卫星遥感影像进行土地利用变化监测

Due to inappropriate planning and management, accelerated urban growth and tremendous loss in land, especially cropland, have become a great challenge for sustainable urban development in China, especially in developed urban area in the coastal regions; therefore, there is an urgent need to effectively detect and monitor the land use changes and provide accurate and timely information for planning and management. In this study a method combining principal component analysis (PCA) of multisensor satellite images from SPOT (systeme pour l'observation de la terre or earth observation satellite)-5 multispectral (XS) and Landsat-7 enhanced thematic mapper (ETM) panchromatic (PAN) data, and supervised classification was used to detect and analyze the dynamics of land use changes in the city proper of Hangzhou. The overall accuracy of the land use change detection was 90.67% and Kappa index was 0.89. The results indicated that there was a considerable land use change (10.03% of the total area) in the study area from 2001 to 2003, with three major types of land use conversions: from cropland into built-up land, construction site, and water area (fish pond). Changes from orchard land into built-up land were also detected. The method described in this study is feasible and useful for detecting rapid land use change in the urban area.     

仓储综合测试专家系统的多传感器管理

储粮参数自动测试和智能化信息处理是实现仓储现代化管理的重要手段，介绍了仓储综合测试专家系统的基本组成，提出了专家系统的多传感器管理问题，论述了该系统的多传感器管理目标、管理内容和管理功能，为系统的数据融合与控制决策奠定了基础。     

基于多传感器数据融合的AMT故障在线自诊断

为了进一步提高AMT工作的可靠性和安全性,本文阐述了一种基于多传感器数据融合的AMT故障在线自诊断方法。根据电控机械式自动变速器(AMT)的结构,在不增加系统硬件的情况下,充分利用多种可以获取的信号,将多传感器数据融合与故障树方法相结合,从而对AMT系统的大部分故障实现在线诊断。     

电容式水流泥沙含量传感器数据融合的研究

用电容传感器测量水流泥沙含量时,电容传感器的输出受环境温度的影响。为了消除环境温度的干扰,采用人工神经网络方法对传感器的输出进行数据融合处理。以电容传感器的泥沙测量值和环境温度作为网络的输入,并用改进的BP算法对网络进行训练得到融合输出值。试验结果表明采用基于人工神经网络的数据融合方法可有效地消除环境温度对电容传感器所产生的影响,从而得到精确、稳定的输出值。     

农业车辆自动导航系统综述

农业车辆的自动控制系统是车辆导航系统的重要组成部分.为此,主要介绍了国内外农业车辆自动导航系统的发展现状,概述了环境感知、路径规划、车辆模型的建立与控制方法等车辆导航的主要研究内容,并对其关键问题进行了分析总结,旨在对农业车辆自动导航系统实际的研究、开发提供了新的思路与建议.     

肉类保水性对水分快速测定的影响与改善方法

介绍了肉类中水分存在的形式与肉类水分快速测定的基本原理，研究了肉类保水特性及畜禽品种、肌肉部位、肌肉温度、pH值、宰后时间等影响肉类保水性的因素，探讨了肉类保水性对水分快速测定准确性与重复性的影响，提出了克服肉类保水性差异影响的多传感器多点观测肉类水分信息融合方法和基准值区别种类、品种方法，为肉类水分快速测定仪的设计奠定了技术基础，在此基础上研制的RSY-1肉类水分快速测定仪解决了国内外肉类水分快速测定的技术难题，已在全国推广应用。     

Vegetation inventory of a temperate biosphere reserve in China by image fusion of landsat TM and SPOT HRV

Vegetation cover types on Changbai Mountain, a natural biosphere reserve (2,000 km²) in northeast China, were derived by using multisensor satellite imagery fused with Landsat TM and SPOT HRV-XS. DEM data were used for improving classification accuracy. Cover types were classified into 20 groups. Bands 4 and 5 of Landsat TM image acquired on July 18, 1997, and band 1 of SPOT HRV-XS image acquired on Oct. 19, 1992, were fused to a false color image, and maximum likelihood supervised classification was performed. Data fusion showed high accuracy of identification, compared to individual images. The overall accuracy of classification of individual images by SPOT HRV-XS reached 56%, and TM 66%, while the fused data set provided accuracy of about 78%, which was raised to 81% after recoding by using DEM. There were five vegetation zones on the mountain, from the base to the peak: hardwood forest zone, mixed forest zone, conifer forest zone, birch forest zone, and tundra zone. Spruce-fir dominated conifer forest was the most prevalent (nearly 50%) vegetation type, followed by Korean pine and mixed forest (17%) and larch forest (5%). HRV image taken in leaf-off season is useful for discriminating forest from non-forest, and evergreen forest from hardwood forest, while the summer image (TM) provides detailed information on the difference in similar vegetation types, like hardwood forest with different compositions.     

数据融合技术在温室环境监控系统中的应用

多传感器数据融合技术是一门新兴前沿技术。针对目前温室环境监控的需求,提出了一种基于D-S证据理论和农业专家系统相结合的数据融合方法。实验结果表明,这种方法提高了温室环境参数测控的决策准确性,可显著改善温室环境的控制效果。