怎样正确地使用微耕机

在广西玉林市各县区,农民使用微耕机耕作的面积逐年提高,由于大部分的农民知识水平不高,出现微耕机故障率较高,所以正确使用耕整机,注意维护和保养的误区,逐步实现机械化。     

家蚕有滞育多化性品种滞育卵复式冷藏继代法的研究

利用上年中秋制种的滞育卵经复式冷藏处理,到当年夏蚕期饲养,夏制种再经中秋蚕期饲养,进行了有滞育多化性品种的省力保种试验.夏蚕期其生命力较对照组低1.2%~1.9%,生种率上升16.0%,差异达显著程度.中秋蚕期生命力高1.0%,生种率低0.9%,完全恢复正常.重复试验,结果一致.有滞育多化性品种用滞育卵复式冷藏处理一年二次省力保种是可行的.     

刈割扰动下半干旱区豆科牧草种间关系的反应

以苜蓿和沙打旺根据生物替代设计组成的简单混播种群为对象,通过调查2种牧草在刈割扰动下的生长反应,比较了单混播处理条件下3种播种密度刈割处理的种间关系和补偿性反应特点,探讨了种群稳定与演替的可能机制。结果表明苜蓿和沙打旺在刈割条件下,土壤水分利用竞争空间上移 20 cm,并且水分利用呈增加趋势,土壤平均水分为15%。刈割诱导低密度混播处理和高密度苜蓿单播处理土壤水分最高,分别达15.6%和15.8%。单播下,刈割可诱导中高密度单播沙打旺处理产量分别增加33%和29%,而混播方式下,刈割均导致沙打旺和苜蓿株高、分枝数和地上部生物量小于对照。在刈割干扰下,相比对照,苜蓿与沙打旺两者仍然为资源共享关系,但互利共生程度下降了21%,而混播种群中苜蓿对沙打旺的相对竞争力增加了17%。不论单播还是混播,刈割均可引发2种牧草显著的补偿机制。同时发现刈割干扰可激发更强的自疏作用。2种牧草的生长指标呈下降趋势可能是干旱、刈割和种间竞争或化感协同胁迫作用的结果,但共存与补偿机制有利于减缓这种负面效应。沙打旺和苜蓿的更新补偿时间上的异质性,实现资源利用生态位的分离,从而调控着2种牧草组成的种群稳定性,这对理解生物多样性维持机制具有重要的参考意义。     

香根草的栽培管理方法研究

香根草作为水土保持与环境治理植物目前在热带、亚热带地区得到越来越广泛的应用。然而，香根草不结实，只能通过无性繁殖，繁殖速度相对较慢。因此，如何加快香根草的繁殖速度便成了研究该植物的一个重要课题。目前各地所采取的繁殖栽培与管理方法各不相同。通过现场观测，并总结过去的繁苗经验，提出了8项应采取的栽培管理措施：1)苗圃应选在阳光充足、无遮荫的地段；2)苗圃地应土壤肥沃，宜沙不宜粘，不要有积水；3)注意施肥，磷肥与有机肥作基肥，复合肥作追肥；4)种植前将香根草地上部分剪至30～40cm，根系剪至5～15cm；5)考虑斜植，且种植深度要恰当；6)种植密度要合理；7)适度剪割，清除杂草；8)1年出苗。     

Ki-67 and minichromosome maintenance-7 (MCM7) expression in canine pituitary corticotroph adenomas

Pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) caused by pituitary corticotroph adenoma is a common endocrine disorder in dogs. The ratio between pituitary height and the area of the brain (P/B) has been used to evaluate the pituitary size. A P/B ratio > 0.31 indicates an enlarged pituitary, whereas a P/B ratio ≤ 0.31 indicates a nonenlarged pituitary. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of proliferation markers Ki-67 and minichromosome maintenance-7 (MCM7) in canine corticotroph adenomas in enlarged and in nonenlarged pituitaries and to evaluate their relation with the size of canine pituitary corticotroph adenomas. Ki-67 and MCM7 expression in ACTH-positive tumor cells was determined by dual-labeling immunohistochemistry in resected corticotroph adenomas from 15 dogs with PDH. The mean ± SD Ki-67 labeling index (LI) was 0.55% ± 0.59% in corticotroph adenomas with nonenlarged pituitaries and 1.6% ± 0.6% in adenomas with enlarged pituitaries. The MCM7 LI in corticotroph adenomas with nonenlarged pituitaries and in adenomas with enlarged pituitaries was 2.9% ± 2.2% and 10.9% ± 3.7%, respectively. The Ki-67 LI and MCM7 LI were significantly greater in the adenomas with enlarged pituitaries than in the adenomas with nonenlarged pituitaries (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively). The MCM7 LI was significantly greater than the Ki-67 LI in adenomas (P < 0.01). The Ki-67 LI was positively correlated with the MCM7 LI (r = 0.820, P < 0.01), and the P/B ratio was positively correlated with the Ki-67 LI (r = 0.560, P = 0.03) and the MCM7 LI (r = 0.854, P < 0.01). In conclusion, canine corticotroph adenomas in enlarged pituitaries show greater proliferation potential than do adenomas in nonenlarged pituitaries. MCM7 expression was significantly greater than Ki-67 expression in canine pituitary corticotroph adenomas. Thus, MCM7 may be superior to Ki-67 as a proliferation marker in pituitary tumors.     

山东烟台高尔夫球场草坪养护情况调研报告

草坪是高尔夫球场的主要组成部分,它既是俱乐部正常运营的基础,也是竞技运动的规范标准。对此,在2008年7月对山东烟台高尔夫球场各区域的草坪分为果岭、发球台和球道3个部分来调查。结果表明营业中的高尔夫球场草地养护是决定球场质量的重要途径,草地养护中修剪、施肥、灌溉要严格把关。草坪养护中草种根据不同的水热条件来选择不同的草种及处理方法;高尔夫球场草坪因环境、气候、建筑、园林、给排水等环境因素都会影响到草坪草能否合理生长。     

不同钙镁磷肥用量对混播放牧草地的影响

钙镁磷肥是南方人工草地较为理想的维持肥,投入低、产出高.通过年对白三叶/禾草混播放牧人工草地推荐施维持肥试验,初步探索了不同用量钙镁磷肥对人工草地土壤肥力、牧草产量、质量等的影响,试验表明600 kg/hm2维持肥用量是提高白三叶/禾草混播放牧人工草地生产力、降低成本,增加效益的理想施肥量.     

植物生长调节剂对草皮生产和草坪养护效果影响的研究

萘乙酸(NAA)、矮壮素(CCC)、多效唑(PP333)、生根粉(ABT)、脱落酸(ABA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)影响销植草坪生根数、根长及新建草坪草株高、分蘖和叶片，研究结果表明：矮壮素、多效唑和脱落酸对降低株高、抑制叶片生长有较为明显的作用；脱落酸、萘乙酸、矮壮素和多效唑对野牛草、早熟禾和高羊茅分蘖均有显著的促进作用；萘乙酸、生根粉、吲哚乙酸和矮壮素对生根有一定的效果。在适宜浓度下，上述植物生长调节剂对快速成坪、减少徒长和修剪次数具有较好的效果。     

Using the indicator amino acid oxidation technique to study threonine requirements in horses receiving a predominantly forage diet

Threonine has been reported to be the second limiting amino acid in typical equine diets, but its actual requirement has not been determined in horses. To evaluate amino acid metabolism and requirements, the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) method has been successfully used in other species. The objective of this research was to estimate threonine requirements in mature horses fed timothy hay and concentrate in 4:1 ratio using the IAAO method. Six Thoroughbred mares (579.9 ± 46.7 kg) received each of 6 levels of threonine intake, 41, 51, 61, 70, 80 and 89 mg/kg BW/day, in a randomly determined order. Each study period was 7‐day long, and on day 6, blood samples were collected before and 90 min after feeding to measure amino acid concentrations using HPLC. On day 7, horses underwent IAAO procedures, which included a 2‐hr primed, constant intravenous infusion of [¹³C]sodium bicarbonate to measure total CO₂ production and a 4‐hr primed, constant oral administration of [1‐¹³C]phenylalanine to estimate phenylalanine oxidation to CO₂. Blood and breath samples were collected to measure blood [¹³C]phenylalanine, using GC‐MS analysis and breath ¹³CO₂ enrichment, using an infrared isotope analyser. Increasing threonine intake levels did not affect plasma phenylalanine oxidation by the ANOVA test (p > 0.05) but resulted in a linear decrease in phenylalanine oxidation (p = 0.04) without a breakpoint by the orthogonal linear contrast. This study is the first attempt to evaluate threonine requirements in horses by the IAAO method; however, threonine requirements are still unknown in mature horses at this time.     

公路草坪养护管理技术初探

为保证草坪绿化质量 ,延长其寿命 ,结合近年来在公路草坪施工与养护管理中积累的实践经验 ,对公路草坪的种类、生长习性 ,以及草坪建植后的浇水、除杂草、修剪、施肥、病虫害防治等养护管理技术进行了探讨与总结 ,以期为各地公路草坪绿化建设提供借鉴与参考。