Application of acoustic Doppler current profiler combined with a scientific echo sounder for krill Euphausia pacifica density estimation

ABSTRACT:   An application of the acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP, 153.6 kHz) in combination with a scientific echo sounder (EK60, 38 and 200 kHz) was investigated to estimate the density of krill Euphausia pacifica . The acoustic backscattering strength from sound scattering layers was compared with biomass estimates from midwater trawls. Euphausia pacifica was targeted among mixed species populations in the sound scattering layer in the offshore Funka Bay area of Hokkaido, Japan. The frequency characteristics of acoustic backscattering by krill were calculated using a distorted wave Born approximation scattering model at three frequencies. Krill aggregations identified from the EK60 data were extracted as the mean volume backscattering strength difference between two frequencies. They were then used to identify similar aggregations in the ADCP data by matching observation times and depths for the two methods, which were applied simultaneously. Results from the comparison of the mean volume backscattering strength and the density calculated from the ADCP and EK60 showed that ADCP can be used to measure density and spatial–temporal distribution of krill aggregations. Current speed and direction at the study site were found to be 16.1 cm/s and 187.0°, respectively, and krill speed and direction (including the current component) were found to be 19.8 cm/s and 172.2°, respectively. Based on the ADCP data, the net speed and direction of the krill aggregations were found to be 5.9 cm/s and 128.0°, respectively.     

淡干海参泡发工艺研究

为探究淡干海参泡发工艺,以烟台淡干海参为原料,通过正交试验得到最优工艺条件为：121 ℃、0.12 MPa高温高压处理20 min,全程使用蒸馏水,泡发温度4 ℃,泡发时间48 h,采用该工艺泡发的海参质量和长度分别为泡发前干海参的14.5倍和2.7倍,复水比为9.2,其硬度、弹性、适口性、持水力及营养价值均高于市面上常压煮制常温泡发的海参。该研究结果为科学、方便地食用和推广淡干海参提供了理论依据。     

电涡流缓速器对车辆制动稳定性的影响分析

修正车辆理想制动力分配曲线使之适用于装用电涡流缓速器的车辆,对装用电涡流缓速器的车辆制动稳定性进行了定性分析,并且提出了增加前后制动器制动力的分配系数来提高装用缓速器后的车辆制动稳定性的技术措施.对给定参数的车辆的定量分析表明,提出的技术措施能扩大车辆同步附着系数的范围,降低车辆后轮先抱死的可能性,提高车辆的制动稳定性.     

农产品冷链物流高质量发展水平评价及障碍度分析

推动冷链物流高质量发展,对减少农产品产后损失、扩大消费品优质供给、保障食品安全有重要作用。基于我国2012-2021年统计数据,构建了包括经济基础、物流发展、冷链运营、开放创新、绿色协调5个一级指标及21个二级指标的农产品冷链物流高质量发展评价指标体系,利用熵值法确定各指标的权重,综合评价指数确定得分水平,借助障碍度模型分析发展障碍因子。结果显示：我国农产品冷链物流高质量发展水平总体呈上升趋势且增速较快,到2021年水平值达到0.85,是初始状态的近13倍,其中开放创新水平的贡献度最高;阻碍高质量发展的障碍因素在2017年之前为开放创新水平,之后则是绿色协调水平。为进一步提高我国农产品冷链物流高质量发展水平,需要充分利用国内外两个市场、促进产业协同、发展绿色低碳物流。     

小麦新品种银春10号综合评价及应用前景

银春10号是白银市农业科学研究所通过种子卫星搭载,经太空诱变,多年选育而成的春小麦新品种,于2017年通过甘肃省农作物品种审定,2021年通过国家农作物品种审定。银春10号株型紧凑,穗层整齐,具有高产稳产,适应性广,产量构成三要素协调等特点,适宜在西北水地春麦区种植,有较广阔的推广应用前景。     

四川省特色农产品优势区建设现状及对策

本文通过总结四川省特色农产品优势区建设的现状,分析产业发展存在的问题,并提出了对策建议,以期为高质量建设四川省特色农产品优势区,做大做强优势特色农业产业提供参考。     

安徽省北部地区猪高热病流行病学调查

2008年7月,安徽省北部地区生猪出现疫病,表现为不食、高热等特征,为查明病因,进行流行病学调查,同时采集发病猪群样品进行病原学和血清学检测。结果137份血清样品中,HPRRSV、PRRSV、PPV带毒率分别为25.5%、23.4%、37.9%;PRRSV、SIV(H1N1、H3N2)抗体阳性率分别为86.5%、9.49%和3.65%,仔猪CSFV抗体免疫合格率为50%;6份组织样品中HPRRSV、PRRSV、CSFV、PRV、PPV带毒率分别为50%、100%、66.7%、33.3%、33.3%。表明引起本次猪病为PRRSV、CSFV、PPV等多种病原体混合感染。     

丽水市责任山产权登记现状分析与探讨

通过对浙江省丽水市责任山产权登记现状的调查,分析各县、市、区存在登记差异的原因,并提出了解决问题的建议。     

Which source and level of dietary sodium is appropriate for broiler chickens reared in a high‐altitude area?

This study investigated effect of increasing level of dietary sodium using sodium bicarbonate or sodium chloride on growth performance, mortality, characteristics of carcass, organs and tibia, calcium and phosphorus of serum in broilers reared in a high‐altitude area (1,700 m above sea level). A total of 588 Ross 308 male broiler chicks were used in seven treatments, six replicates per treatment of 14 birds per each from 1 to 38 d of age. Seven dietary treatments consisted of a basal diet (with 0.16% sodium and 0.23% chloride), top‐dressed for six diets to give three supplementary levels of sodium (0.07%, 0.14% and 0.21%) from sodium bicarbonate (respectively by 0.26%, 0.52% and 0.78%) or sodium chloride (respectively by 0.18%, 0.36% and 0.54%), resulting in seven diets with total sodium and chloride levels of 0.16% and 0.23%, 0.23% and 0.23%, 0.30% and 0.23%, 0.37% and 0.23%, 0.23% and 0.33%, 0.30% and 0.44%, 0.37% and 0.55% respectively. Increasing sodium level improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) linearly and quadratically. However, when FCR was calculated without adjusting for feed intake of mortalities, the enhanced sodium level did not improve this parameter. Increasing sodium level via sodium chloride enhanced ascites mortality, total mortality, relative weight of heart and right ventricle linearly. Increasing sodium level reduced serum calcium and enhanced serum phosphorus linearly; however, there was a linear tendency to increase tibia ash when sodium level was enhanced by sodium bicarbonate (p = 0.08) or sodium chloride (p = 0.07). Increasing sodium level via sodium bicarbonate tended (p = 0.08) to reduce tibia strength linearly. In conclusion, a diet with 0.16% sodium and 0.23% chloride is enough for broiler chicken reared in a high‐altitude area, and increasing dietary sodium level via sodium chloride has detrimental effect on survivability of broiler in such condition.