水稻中系8541与中系8240光合特性的比较研究

本文通过光合作用参数的测定,详细的研究了中系8541和8240两种不同产量水平的水稻品种的光合特性.论述了在含等量叶绿素的条件下,中系8541和中系8240之间在对光谱的吸收、叶片的光合作用量子转化效率,叶绿体的PSⅡ(光系统Ⅱ)潜在活性(Fv/F_0)和原初光能转化效率(Fv/Fm等的主要区别.实验结果说明,上述各光合作用参数中系8541都优于中系8240.不仅如此.在Mg~(2+)作用下,Fv/Fo和Fv/Fm比值的提高以及Mg~(2+)对两个光系统激发能分配的调节能力中系8541也强于中系8240.     

The Control Strategy for the Excitation System of Asynchronized Turbogenerators

In this paper, the excitation principle and operating characteristics ofasynchronized turbogenerators are analyzed,and adaptive tracing iterative control strategy based on state identification is proposed. In order to apply this control scheme to practice engineering, some primary elements are analyzed and presented for constituting dual-channel automatic excitation control system of asynchronized turbogenerators. Finally, the paper presents the principle structure charts about excitation control system of asynchroized turbogenerators.     

武汉军山长江大桥非线性地震反应时程分析

以武汉军山长江大桥为例，分析了斜拉桥的动力特性以及在一致激励和非一致激励下的非线性地震反应，并进行了减、隔震研究.结果表明：1）该桥基本周期很长，约为8.881 s，其第一振型为纵飘振型.2）几何非线性对其地震反应影响明显.3）同时考虑三个方向的地震波作用时，非一致激励对主梁和塔抗震设计不利.4）将普通支座更换为铅芯橡胶支座、粘弹性阻尼器，或两种减震装置同时使用时，减震效果明显.从减震效果比较，可以优先采用高阻尼铅芯橡胶支座+粘弹性阻尼器的做法.     

杠杆压铊张紧系统带锯空转振动特性的分析

本文对杠杆压铊张紧系统带锯产生振动的原因,进行了试验和理论研究。用2034型频谱分析仪试验表明,带锯条振动属于复杂周期信号的离散型频谱,是由多个简谐振动叠加而成;同时理论考察分析表明,带锯条杠杆压铊张紧系统不同于秤量重物的“平衡秤”,不可能达到“静平衡”,而是在锯轮参数激振作用下形成周期性受迫振动。锯轮参数激振和杠杆压铊张紧系统位移激振之间交互作用,是使带锯条产生周期振动并引起张紧力发生变化的重要原因。     

Determination of primary structure of amberjack myosin heavy chain and its relationship with structural stability of various fish myosin rods

The structural stability of fish myosin depends upon species and temperatures of water in which fish live. Primary, secondary, and quaternary structures of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) from three species of fish living at different temperature ranges have been compared with those of rabbit MyHC in order to investigate the differences in stability. Primary structure of MyHC, although being accessible for warm-water and cold-water fish (carp and walleye pollack), was not available in previous for tropical-water fish literature; so in this study primary structure of MyHC of the tropical-water fish amberjack has been determined by cloning and sequencing its cDNA. The MyHC has 1938 amino acid residues (AA), which are almost as much as as those of carp and walleye pollack. The amberjack MyHC is 91–95% homologous with other fish and rabbit MyHCs. There is a discernible difference between animal species with stable myosin rod (amberjack, carp, and rabbit) and walleye pollack with unstable rod. Stable rod species have a high probability of forming coiled-coil around the COOH-terminal end of the rod, while the pollack has a low coiled-coil formation probability. In addition, the average scores of the coiled-coil for myosin rod were rabbit (1.738) > amberjack (1.691) > carp (1.680) > walleye pollack (1.674) which correlated exactly with the observed stability. The results suggest that coiled-coil forming ability, particularly around the COOH-terminal end, directs structural stability of fish myosin rod.     

悬索横风驰振现象的理论分析

以气动弹性力学理论为基础，分析了悬索在受到水平方向横风激励时的驰振现象，并建立了其发生驰振时的力学模型，该模型为悬索在横风速度达到一定数值时发生激烈的振动提供了理论依据。     

四轮车辆隔振系统的传递矩阵

以四轮运输车辆为模型，建立了车辆４点随机激励的耦合与非耦合振动方程，导出了非耦合条件下四轮车辆隔振系统的传递矩阵。利用本文结果，可对车辆振动系统的频率特性和结构参数作进一步的研究。     

自走式联合收割机振动系统的动力学分析

通过对联合收割机的动力学分析,建立了自走式联合收割机振动系统的力学模型及其耦合振动方程,推导出了联合收割机在静止空载状态下发动机转动,以及静止空载状态下发动机和割刀同时运动、运输和收割4种不同状态下的矩阵方程.该结果为收割机振动系统的频率特性、振动强度、结构参数的进一步分析计算提供了理论依据.     

Response of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) to mulching practices under planted greenhouse condition

Mulch is considered a desirable management technology for conserving soil moisture, improving soil temperature and soil quality. This study aimed to investigate soil conditions and hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) performance in terms of leaf photosynthetic capacity, fruit yield and quality, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under such practices in greenhouse condition. A field experiment across 3 years was carried out with four types of mulch (without mulch [CK], wheat straw mulch [SM], plastic film mulch [FM], and combined mulch with plastic film and wheat straw [CM]). Mulch could improve soil physical properties regardless of mulch materials. FM and CM treatments improved soil moistures status and soil temperature in comparison to CK control, while SM increased soil water content and decreased soil temperature. Mulch increased leaf net photosynthesis rate (P_N), stomatal conductance to water vapor (gs), intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (E), but declined instant water use efficiency (WUEi). No significant effect of mulch application on chlorophyll fluorescence was existent for the entire growth season. Fruit yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) showed some increment under all the mulch conditions. Compared to CK, the yield was enhanced by 82.3%, 65.0%, and 111.5% in 2008; 38.1%, 17.4%, and 46.5% in 2009; and 14.3%, 6.5%, and 19.6% in 2010 under SM, FM, and CM conditions, respectively. Although FM produced better fruit quality than other treatments, CM is the recommended practice for hot pepper cultivation in greenhouse condition due to working well to facilitate soil condition (moisture and temperature), plant growth, and marketable yield.