Agricultural extension approach: evidence from an Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project in Ethiopia

Agricultural extension is an approach to rural development and agricultural transformation in which training, demonstration and technology transfer are key to reducing rural poverty, ensuring food security, and sustainably managing natural resources. During recent decades, different extension approaches have been tested and validated by the Ethiopian government and non-governmental organizations to stimulate participation in the agricultural extension system (AES). The most recent was a German-funded project entitled “Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project” (ISFM⁺), which employed a novel approach to piloting and upscaling proven technology and best practice. The purpose of this study was to analyze and document the modalities of ISFM⁺ and illustrate its effects on technology uptake and dissemination. The study used a mixed methods approach to collect data. ATLAS.ti and SPSS were used for data management and analysis. Farmer Research and Extension Groups and Farmer Field Schools were found to be central to the participation process. Also, the ISFM⁺ was found to aid technology transfer and helped to increase grain and residue yields as well as farmer livelihoods. Based on these empirical findings, it is argued that the ISFM⁺ approach and technology should be integrated and institutionalized in the mainstream AES in order to promote their extensive application.     

从教育券到教育卡：农民工随迁子女入学问题破解新思路

农民工随迁子女教育问题是当前一个亟待解决的社会难题。由于国家实施＂两为主＂政策,致使流入地政府承受着巨大的财政压力,在解决农民工随迁子女教育问题上心有余而力不足。而近年来引进的＂教育券＂制度,在实际工作中也存在一定的局限性。基于由国家、流出地政府、流入地政府按一定比例共同承担农民工随迁子女义务教育经费的理论,提出的＂教育卡＂新构想,则可以从操作层面较好地解决教育经费承担的一系列问题。     

论如何避免党校网站同质化——以省级党校为例

经过近10年的发展,省级党校网站已经历了填补空缺时期、齐头并进时期进入同质化时期.网站同质化表现为网站定位不约而同,栏目设置大同小异,专题策划不谋而合,导航系统殊途同归等现象.寻求同质化与个性化之间的平衡点,是党校网站成功的关键.     

论职校图书馆主动服务的新策略

探讨了在新的信息环境下,图书馆由传统的被动服务向主动服务转变的必要性,提出了开展主动服务的策略。     

高职院校现代农业校企合作联盟的问题与对策

校企合作联盟是高职院校办学体制的一种创新模式,是校企合作的进一步深化.从校企合作联盟的产生背景入手,分析了校企合作联盟存在的共性问题,有针对性提出了对策建议,同时对经济发达地区现代农业校企合作联盟提出了几个必须明确的关键问题,并进行了尝试性地的探讨.     

推进农科教、产学研结合的探索与实践

文章针对高校推进农科教、产学研结合的难点问题,基于河北农业大学坚持走"太行山道路"的经验做法,探索了大力推进高校与地方政府、企业开展科技战略合作,创立服务地方经济建设的新模式,总结了以试验基地为载体,创新群体为骨干,构建农科教、产学研结合的创新平台,通过创新平台承担重大课题、出重大成果,培育区域支柱产业,创立现代农业先导型样板的经验,提出了加强政府引导作用、制定激励机制、建立技术创新和人才培养平台等推进农科教、产学研合作的意见和建议。     

学籍微机管理系统的研制

本系统根据学生学籍管理的目标和任务,利用FOXBASE 2.1数据库管理系统编制而成。该系统具有对数据的录入和维护(修改、删除及追加)、统计与查询、打印输出等功能;对学生基本情况、在校成绩、综合测评、升留级情况及毕业、肄业等项目进行统计管理。     

儒学诠释的平民化:明代书院讲学的新特点

沉寂近百年之后,明代书院重兴,面向平民成为其发展的一个重要特点。城镇官府书院向平民百姓开放,乡村书院大量出现,山林布衣、乡村长者、普通百姓、佛教僧侣都可以进院听讲,甚至登堂讲说。这是宋元时期罕见的现象。书院讲学以化民成俗为主要目的,讲求日用百姓之学,服务于乡村民众的文化建设,出现了儒学诠释的平民化倾向。书院讲学的平民化,促进了文化学术的下移,也使教育与学术发展获得了更为广阔的空间。     

Insecticide screening with isolated nerve preparations for structure-activity relationships

The sciatic nerve-sartorius muscle preparation from the frog, the nerve-muscle preparation from the crayfish, and the abdominal nerve cord preparation from the crayfish have been compared for their sensitivity to various insecticides. The crayfish nerve cord was the most sensitive to insecticides and had a broad spectrum of sensitivity. A method was developed with this preparation to compare a large number of synthetic pyrethroids for their potencies to stimulate and block the nerve which is the primary target site. Both stimulating and blocking actions on the nerve can be assessed with this preparation. Certain pyrethroids are active insecticidally despite their weak nerve action, whereas some other pyrethroids are relatively moderate in killing insects despite their potent nerve action. Thus the new method can be effectively used to establish the true structure-activity relationship of synthetic pyrethroids or any other insecticides acting directly on the nerve.     

环境心理学在北川中学校园景观设计中的应用

针对北川中学的特殊使用人群,北川中学的校园景观设计中成功引入了环境心理学理论。北川中学校园景观的可意象性设计体现在道路、边界、校园入口、节点和校园广场、庭院空间等物质元素上,其空间形式以开敞空间与半开敞空间的分布为主、私密空间为辅,在视觉效果上整体风格与周围环境风格相统一,同时分别用景观音响和芳香植物丰富景观的听觉和嗅觉体验。环境心理学理论在北川中学校园景观设计中得到了较好的应用,但要真正设计出符合人们心意的景观,景观设计师还任重道远。