Role of Nb in 14MnNbq Steel

In order to meet the needs of China-made gigantic bridges with long spans, 14MnNbq steel was developed . It is a new type of microalloyed steel. In this paper, simulated controlled rolling and cooling is taken. The role of microalloyed element Nb and Nb(CN) in the process of deformation and their effects on microstructures and mechanical properties of 14MnNbq steel are analysed by means of optical microscope, TEM, electrical chemical phase extraction analysis and micrography analysis.It is pointed out that in period of non-recrystallization of finish rolling should increase the deformation increment as great as possible to give full play to Nb, The cooling speed after rolling and the temperature of finish cooling should be controlled properly according to working condition to ensure Nb(CN) to separate out adequately. It is proved that Nb possesses good fine-grain strenghening and medium precipitate-hardening effects.     

K6Nb10.8O30对微囊藻毒素的光催化降解研究

通过合成含铌类复合氧化物光催化剂,开展其光催化降解藻毒素试验,研究其光催化降解微囊藻毒素的降解效率和机理,为去除水体中微囊藻毒素提供高效环保的水处理技术。采用溶胶凝胶法制备了铌酸盐光催化剂K6Nb10.8O30,利用X射线衍射、扫面电镜、紫外可见漫反射光谱等对光催化剂进行了结构表征,该化合物结构是属于四方相钨青铜结构,空间群为P4/mbm（127）,晶粒呈长方柱性,直径约为150nm,长度约400～600nm,吸收能带为2.92eV;在紫外光（UVA）辐照条件下,考察了催化剂对微囊藻毒素（MC-LR）的光催化降解效果,利用高效液相色谱测定水体中微囊藻毒素浓度。结果表明,光催化剂K6Nb10.8O30能够有效的降解藻毒素,降解过程受到pH值、藻毒素的初始浓度、催化剂投加量和光照的影响;在光辐射强度为556μW/cm2、pH4.24、催化剂投加量为0.375g/L的试验条件下,初始浓度3mg/L的藻毒素在180min之内降解率达到93%;对催化剂反应前后的红外光谱分析表明,藻毒素的降解最终不是被催化剂吸附,而是被光催化降解;动力学研究表明,微囊藻毒素的光催化剂降解反应符合一级反应动力学规律,随着微囊藻毒素初始浓度的增大,反应速率常数逐步降低,半衰期也逐渐变长。     

实时荧光定量PCR检测高温即时浸酸对蚕卵中家蚕微孢子虫的灭活效果

家蚕微孢子虫(Nosema bombycis,Nb)引起的家蚕微粒子病是对蚕种生产危害最为严重的家蚕病害,蚕种浸酸处理是蚕业生产中常用的一种防病处理手段。为探明浸酸处理对家蚕微粒子病的防治效果,将家蚕二化性四元杂交组合两广二号的带毒蚕卵分别进行常规即时浸酸处理和高温即时浸酸处理,采用实时荧光定量PCR对卵龄24~240 h蚕卵中的家蚕微孢子虫进行定量检测。结果发现,常规和高温浸酸处理后每日取样蚕卵中家蚕微孢子虫的检测值较阳性对照组均显著降低,高温浸酸组又明显低于常规浸酸组,表明2种浸酸处理对蚕卵中的家蚕微孢子虫均有灭活作用,且高温处理的灭活效果更为显著。对蚕卵孵化后饲养至3龄眠和5龄起的幼虫逐条进行显微镜镜检,结果显示高温即时浸酸处理对家蚕微粒子病的相对防治效果分别为92.30%±2.95%和81.80%±0.06%。综上表明,高温即时浸酸处理带毒蚕卵对家蚕微粒子病有显著的防治作用。