日本北海道北部寒温带森林流域林冠层凋落物及其养分归还量的景观格局(英文)

Within a forested watershed at the Uryu Experimental Forest of Hokkaido University in northern Hokkaido, overstory litterfall and related nutrient fluxes were measured at different landscape zones over two years. The wetland zone covered with Picea glehnii pure stand. The riparian zone was deciduous broad-leaved stand dominated by Alnus hirsuta and Salix spp., while the mixture of deciduous broadleaf and evergreen conifer dominated by Betula platyphylla, Quercus crispula and Abies sachalinensis distributed on the upland zone. Annual litterfall averaged 1444, 5122, and 4123 kg.hm^-2·a^-1 in the wetland, riparian and upland zones, respectively. Litterfall production peaked in September-October, and foliage litter contributed the greatest amount （73.4%-87.6 %） of the annual total litterfall. Concentrations of nutrients analyzed in foliage litter of the dominant species showed a similar seasonal variation over the year except for N in P glehnii and A. hirsuta. The nutrient fluxes for all elements analyzed were greatest on riparian zone and lowest in wetland zone. Nutrient fluxes via litterfall followed the decreasing sequence： N （11-129 kg.hm-2.aq） 〉 Ca （9-69） 〉 K （5-20） 〉 Mg （3-15） 〉 P （0.4-4.7） for all stands. Significant differences were found in litterfall production and nutrient fluxes among the different landscape components. There existed significant differences in soil chemistry between the different landscape zones. The consistently low soil C：N ratios at the riparian zone might be due to the higher-quality litter inputs （largely N-fixing alder）.     

森林气候可能生产力的动态模拟

根据树森木材积的增长过程，建立了标准材积增长曲线，确定光能利用系数的时间演变。以地区辐射资料计算不同年龄的树木光合生产潜力，并利用湿润系数和日最高、最低温度建立了水分和温度订正函数，最终建立了森林气候生产力的动态模型。     

森林气候资源数据库及其应用

森林气候资源是森林资源的重要组成部分,开展森林气候资源的研究,逐步实现林业气候资料的存贮检索,处理及成图自动化是现代化林业气候工作的发展趋势。     

Relationship between species richness and biomass on environmental gradient in natural forest communities on Mt. Xiaolongshan,northwest China

We analyzed the relationship between species richness and biomass in natural forest communities at two similar sites on Mt. Xiaolongshan, northwest China. At both sites, a wide range of tree layer biomass levels was available by local biomass estimation models. In order to identify underlying mechanism of the species richness-biomass relationship, we included different water resource levels and number of individuals in each plot in our analysis. We sampled 15 and 20 plots （20 m ×20 m）, respectively, at both two sites. These plots were sampled equally on the sunny slope and the shady slope. Species richness, number of individuals of each species and diameter at breast height （DBH） as a substitute of biomass of tree layer were recorded in each sample. At one site, the relationship between species richness and biomass was significant on the sunny slope, and this relationship disappeared on the shady slope due to more environmental factors. The relations between species richness and number of individuals and between number of individuals and biomass paralleled the species richness-biomass relation on both slopes. The difference in number of individuals-biomass relationships on the sunny slope and the shady slope revealed ＂interspecific competitive exclusion＂ even though the species richness-biomass relationships were not hump-shaped. At the other site, species richness was not related to biomass or to number of individuals. Our study demonstrated the importance of environmental stress and succession of community in the understanding of species diversity-productivity patterns.     

桃花江 益阳的竹海

<正>大竹海、桃花湖、佛教圣地浮邱山……湖南省桃江县境内的桃花江国家森林公园景色优美,竹海、浮邱山和桃花湖3个景区总面积3153.05公顷。除水体外,公园森林覆盖率高达99.56%,空气负离子含量达每立方厘米1.39万个,形成了良好的森林气候,适游期长达300多天。     

分析林业经济发展与气候因素的因果关系

随着社会不断发展,人们越来越关注气候和经济发展之间的关系。随着研究的不断深入,研究人员使用格兰杰因果检验方法,可以定量的分析出林业经济发展和气候之间的关系。一般而言,气候因素主要有降水量、湿度、平均气温以及日照等相关因素,从实验中发现,林业生产总值和降水量、当地气温、湿度有密切关系。这些关系表明,在今后发展中,应该从根本上把握好气候变化,对林业种植或者管理进行相应的调整,这才能保障林业发展水平。     

就根河市谈森林城市的园林创作

根河市地处寒温带湿润型森林气候，寒冷湿润，冬季漫长无夏，春秋相连，无霜期平均为84天，年平均气温-5.3℃，是中国最寒冷的地区，结冻期在210天以上，时有冻害、水害发生。     

基于RS和GIS林地植被生产力估测研究

以福建省永安、连城、漳平、新罗4个县（市、区）为研究区域,利用年均降水、气温及土壤资料,结合改进的NPP模型及生产力修正系数,实现研究区森林气候生产力、森林生产力以及林木产量的反演,并对各生产力进行空间分异分析研究。结果表明：研究区各县（市、区）森林气候生产力总体水平较高,介于1 693.01～2 312.03 g/（m^2·a）,平均值达到2 112.65 g/（m^2·a）;各县（市、区）森林生产力介于484.1～2 001.5 g/（m^2·a）,差异较大,平均值为1 682.03 g/（m^2·a）,仅为森林气候生产力均值的79.6%,说明林地土壤肥力对森林生产力影响显著;各县（市、区）林木产量介于4.3～17.7 g/（m^2·a）,平均值为14.9 g/（m^2·a）。     

基于指数和法对根河林业局主要野生经济植物资源可利用量的评价

正根河林业局地处大兴安岭北部山地,属寒温带湿润型森林气候,由于远离海洋,具有大陆性季风气候的某些特征。其特点是:寒冷湿润,冬季漫长,无霜期短。年平均气温-7~4℃;年≥10℃积温1 308.9℃;年平均相对湿度71%;年日照时数为2 614.1 h;年均降水量400~500 mm,蒸发量952.5 mm;无霜期80~90天。该局境内植被是以兴安落叶松为主要树种的寒温带针叶林,     

第二代杉木人工林土壤温度的研究

利用１９９０－１９９７年定位观测数据,对第二代杉木林林内和外地表温度、土壤温度进行了研究。结果表明：林内地表温度、土壤温度各月均值都低于林外相应值,杉木林有减小地表温日较差的作用,日较差年均值与林外的差值随幼林增长呈逐步增大趋势;在０￣５ｃｍ土层内,林内土温随土壤深度的变化率大于林外;第二代杉木幼林在群落建成过程中对地表温度和土壤温度的调节能力低于第一代成林。