首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
毛苕子(Vicia villosa Roth.)绿汁发酵液作为天然的青贮添加剂,可以提高青贮的品质。试验选用L9(34)正交表设计了三因素三水平的正交方案,研究毛苕子绿汁发酵液发酵条件优化模式。试验因素为水草比例(A)、葡萄糖添加量(B)、氯化钠添加量(C)。结果表明:葡萄糖、氯化钠添加量对毛苕子绿汁发酵液的乳酸菌含量、青贮饲料的pH值、弗氏评分、氨态氮的影响显著;水草比例对上述指标影响不显著。理论上可以认为:毛苕子绿汁发酵液的适宜发酵条件模式为2:1或5:1或10:1的水草比例+2%或5%葡萄糖+0.5%氯化钠,考虑到生产的实用性,推荐在生产中使用的优化模式为10:1的水草比例+2%葡萄糖+0.5%氯化钠。  相似文献   

2.
吴进东 《饲料广角》2008,(14):37-39
紫云英(Astragalus sinicus L.1绿汁发酵液作为天然的青贮添加剂,可以提高青贮的品质。试验选用L9(3^4)正交表设计了3因素3水平的正交方案,研究紫云英绿汁发酵液发酵条件优化模式。试验因素为原料加工方法(A)、水草比例(B)、氯化钠添加量(C)。结果表明:绿汁发酵液中氯化钠对紫云英绿汁发酵液的乳酸菌含量、青贮饲料的pH值、费氏评分、氨态氮影响显著;氯化钠最佳添加量为0.5%。原料加工方法、水草比例对上述指标影响不显著。综合得出:紫云英绿汁发酵液的适宜发酵条件模式为榨汁×水草比例2:1×0.5%氯化钠,推荐在生产中使用。  相似文献   

3.
为评价添加绿汁发酵液、乳酸菌制剂和葡萄糖对象草青贮发酵品质的影响,试验设6个处理组:即对照组(无添加剂),绿汁发酵液组(FJLB),乳酸菌制剂组(LAB),葡萄糖组(G),绿汁发酵液+葡萄糖组(FJLB+G),乳酸菌制剂+葡萄糖组(LAB+G);在青贮第3,7,14,30天开窖,取样分析发酵品质.结果表明,与对照组相比,LAB处理对发酵品质影响不大,FJLB处理显著(P<0.05)降低了乳酸和水溶性碳水化合物含量,显著(P<0.05)提高了pH值、乙酸、丁酸和氨态氮含量,使发酵品质变差,而G、LAB+G和FJLB+G处理均显著(P<0.05)提高了青贮早期的乳酸含量,在整个青贮过程中保持较高的乳酸/乙酸值,并显著(P<0.05)降低了最终青贮饲料的pH和氨态氮含量,但与G处理相比,LAB+G和FJLB+G处理没有显示出更优的效果.综上所述,添加葡萄糖可促进同型乳酸发酵,对象草青贮发酵品质的改善效果优于接种乳酸菌.  相似文献   

4.
试验选用L9(34)正交试验设计研究紫云英绿汁发酵液发酵条件的最优模式,试验因素为原料加工方法、水草比例、氯化钠添加量.结果表明:绿汁发酵液中氯化钠时紫云英绿汁发酵液的乳酸茵含量、青贮饲料的pH值、费氏评分、氨态氮的影响显著;氯化钠最佳添加量为0.5%.原料加工方法、水草比例对上述指标影响不显著.综合得出:紫云英绿汁发酵液的适宜发酵条件模式为榨汁,水草比例为2:1,氯化钠0.5%,推荐在生产中使用.  相似文献   

5.
农作物秸秆混合青贮优化研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
吴进东 《饲料广角》2007,(22):38-40
为了研究绿汁发酵液和乳酸菌对农作物秸秆混合青贮品质的影响,试验选用乳酸菌制剂、稀释5倍、20倍的绿汁发酵液作为试验因素,用量分别为0.5、2.5、2.5L/t。60d后对开封的青贮饲料进行感官鉴定和实验室鉴定。结果表明:添加不同稀释度的绿汁发酵液或乳酸菌制剂显著地降低了青贮饲料的pH值以及乙酸、丁酸、氨态氮含量,显著提高了乳酸、粗蛋白质、可溶性碳水化合物的含量,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量差异不显著。总之,试验3处理均显著提高青贮品质,3处理之间差异不显著。在生产中推荐使用稀释5 ̄20倍的绿汁发酵液。  相似文献   

6.
添加剂、含水率对象草青贮品质的影响   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
用两种含水率(高含水率79.9%,低含水率68.3%)象草调制了青贮。设添加0.2%绿汁发酵液(绿汁发酵组)、0.0001%纤维素酶(纤维素酶组)、0.2%绿汁发酵液 0.0001%纤维素酶(混合组)及对照(对照组)4个处理,在常温下贮存50d开封,测定青贮的发酵品质和化学成分。结果表明,添加绿汁发酵液组和绿汁发酵液 纤维素酶混合组在两种含水率下,pH值和氨态氮降低,干物质回收率和粗蛋白质含量提高(P<0.01,P<0.05);在对照组、绿汁发酵组和绿汁发酵液 纤维素酶混合组中,低含水率青贮品质优于高含水率青贮。低含水率的绿汁发酵组和绿汁发酵液 纤维素酶混合组青贮的品质相近,优于其他处理。  相似文献   

7.
淋雨和添加剂对苜蓿青贮品质的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为研究淋雨和添加剂对苜蓿(Medicago sativa)青贮品质的影响,试验设新鲜和淋雨苜蓿青贮2个因素,添加剂分别为对照、甲酸、绿汁发酵液、改良绿汁发酵液、玉米粉、绿汁发酵液+玉米粉、改良绿汁发酵液+玉米粉7个水平,共14个处理。青贮90d后,测定各处理的pH、氨态氮、有机酸、营养成分和硝基化合物含量。结果表明:淋雨和添加剂均极显著降低苜蓿青贮饲料pH、氨态氮、乳酸和乙酸含量(P<0.01)。改良绿汁发酵液+玉米粉组的乳酸含量显著高于对照和其他处理组(P<0.05)。淋雨和添加剂显著影响苜蓿青贮饲料的干物质、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维含量和缓冲能值(P<0.05),添加剂对粗灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和水溶性碳水化合物含量有显著影响(P<0.05)。淋雨、添加剂及其交互作用极显著影响苜蓿青贮饲料的硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量(P<0.01)。添加剂可改善淋雨苜蓿青贮的发酵品质,其中改良绿汁发酵液+玉米粉组合效果最明显。  相似文献   

8.
添加剂对农作物秸秆混合青贮发酵品质的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
为了研究绿汁发酵液和乳酸菌对农作物秸秆混合青贮品质的影响,试验选用乳酸菌制剂、稀释5倍绿汁发酵液、稀释20倍的绿汁发酵液作为试验因素,用量分别为0.5 L/t、2.5 L/t、2.5 L/t。60 d后对开封的青贮饲料进行感官鉴定和实验室鉴定。结果表明:添加不同稀释度的绿汁发酵液或乳酸菌制剂显著地降低了青贮饲料的pH值以及乙酸、丁酸、氨态氮含量,显著提高了乳酸、粗蛋白、可溶性碳水化合物的含量,中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量差异不显著。总之,试验三处理均显著提高青贮品质,三处理之间差异不显著。在生产中推荐使用稀释5~20倍的绿汁发酵液。  相似文献   

9.
凋萎和添加绿汁发酵液对杂交狼尾草青贮发酵品质的影响   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
郑丹  下条雅敬  邵涛 《草地学报》2011,19(2):273-276
为探讨凋萎、添加绿汁发酵液、凋萎+绿汁发酵液处理对杂交狼尾草(Pennisetum americanum×P.purpureum)发酵品质与水溶性碳水化合物的影响。试验设对照组(Control)、凋萎组(W)、绿汁发酵液组(PFJ)及凋萎(W)+绿汁发酵液组(PFJ),青贮30天后开窖取样分析。结果表明:Control组有较低的pH(4.09)和较高的乳酸含量(79.80 g·kg-1DM),青贮主要是受乳酸发酵支配;W组的pH值显著高于Control组(P<0.05),而乳酸含量显著低于Control组(P<0.05),说明尽管乳酸菌对较干燥的环境有一定的忍受力,但是凋萎在一定程度上抑制了乳酸菌的活性。PFJ组和W+PFJ组pH值、氨态氮/总氮、丙酸、丁酸、乙酸、总挥发性脂肪酸含量低于或显著低于Control组,而乳酸、水溶性碳水化合物含量及乳酸/乙酸又显著高于Control组(P<0.05),表明添加绿汁发酵液后促进同质乳酸菌的发酵,有效地抑制了丁酸菌及其他有害微生物活性,减少了蛋白质的分解,提高了乳酸菌对水溶性碳水化合物的利用效率及杂交狼尾草青贮发酵品质。综合考虑,建议凋萎后添加绿汁发酵液处理效果更好。  相似文献   

10.
添加绿汁发酵液对苜蓿青贮料发酵品质的影响   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
用未预干和预干的开花初期的苜蓿原料草,添加绿汁发酵液及将其稀释调制成的绿汁发酵液,探讨绿汁发酵液对青贮料发酵品质的影响,发见,除了未预干草中的dPFJ20绿汁发酵液的添加之外,其它的绿汁发酵液都明显改善了苜蓿青贮料的品质。  相似文献   

11.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

12.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

15.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
18.
19.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号