与兔出血症病毒VP60蛋白相互作用蛋白的初步鉴定

为获得与兔出血症病毒(RHDV)衣壳蛋白(VP60)相互作用的细胞蛋白,本研究以pMD-VP60重组质粒为模板扩增RHDV的VP60基因,克隆于表达载体pGEX-6p-1中,构建了重组表达质粒pGEX-VP60,并转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,经IPTG诱导表达GST重组蛋白(rVP60),western blot分析表明该蛋白具有与VP60单克隆抗体(MAb)良好的反应原性。以亲和层析纯化的rVP60进行pull-down实验,从兔的肝脏细胞膜蛋白中获得与VP60相互作用的蛋白,多肽质量指纹图谱分析表明,其相互作用的蛋白为ATP合成酶β亚基,提示该蛋白可能与RHDV的感染相关。     

兔出血症病毒次要衣壳蛋白VP12在大肠杆菌体内高效表达及特性研究

试验旨在通过原核高效表达RHDV VP12蛋白,检测同源组织疫苗免疫后该蛋白抗体的产生情况。RT-PCR扩增获得抗原遗传变异株SQ-1株兔出血症病毒(Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus,RHDV)次要衣壳蛋白VP12基因,定向克隆插入pET32a多克隆位点,构建Trx-His tag融合原核表达载体,PCR与序列测定正确后转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)感受态细胞,IPTG诱导表达,Western blot鉴定分析表达产物活性。测序结果显示,所扩增VP12基因ORF(开放阅读框)为354 bp,编码117个氨基酸,IPTG诱导后目的基因获得表达,融合载体Trx-His tag的重组VP12蛋白分子量为31 ku,与预期一致,且表达蛋白存在可溶性与包涵体两种形式;Western blot结果显示,可溶性表达蛋白与兔瘟肝组织灭活疫苗免疫后攻毒制备的RHDV阳性抗体能发生良好的抗原抗体杂交反应,说明该蛋白具有良好的反应原性。研究结果为开展RHDV VP12蛋白生物学与免疫学特性研究、开发诊断试剂奠定了基础。     

The construction of the rabbit hemorrhagic disease vires VP60 gene in the eukaryotic expression vector and its expression in eukaryotic

应用RT—PCR技术扩增编码兔出血症病毒衣壳蛋白VP60基因,将PCR产物克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3．1（＋）中,获得重组质粒pcDNA-VP60,并将其转染Vero细胞。经间接免疫荧光试验,证实pcDNA-VP60在体外细胞中能够成功表达具有免疫原性的VP60蛋白。     

兔出血症病毒JL株分离鉴定及VP60基因主要抗原表位分析

采用血凝试验、电镜观察、RT－PCR方法分离鉴定了1株JL株兔出血症病毒（RHDV），扩增衣壳蛋白VP60基因，将扩增片段克隆到pMDl8－T载体上，经酶切鉴定后测序。结果显示，VP60基因全长1740bp，编码580个氨基酸；JL株与其他RHDV分离株比较，核苷酸同源性为93．7％－99．2％，氨基酸同源性在97．3％－99．5％，在VP606个区中，A、B、D、F是稳定区，氨基酸变异多发生在衣壳蛋白C、E区，表明毒株具有高度保守性；将JL株与国内外标准株蛋白氨基酸变畀及其亲水性、柔性区、抗原区和表面结构进行比较分析，预测RHDV VP60细胞表位。     

兔出血症病毒Yaan株衣壳蛋白VP60基因的克隆和序列分析

采用RT-PCR方法扩增兔出血症病毒（RHDV）Yaan株衣壳蛋白VP60基因,将扩增片段克隆到pMD 18-T载体上,经酶切及PCR鉴定后测序.结果显示,VP60基因全长1 740 bp,编码579个氨基酸.将Yaan株与其他RHDV分离株进行比较,结果显示,核苷酸同源性为90.5%～97.5%,氨基酸同源性为94.3%～99.5%,氨基酸变异多发生在衣壳蛋白C、E区,表明毒株具有高度保守性;同时对Yaan株与国外标准株AST/89的VP60蛋白氨基酸变异及其亲水性、柔性区、抗原区和表面结构进行了比较分析.     

兔病毒性出血症病毒VP60基因真核表达载体的构建以及在真核细胞中表达

应用RT-PCR技术扩增编码兔出血症病毒衣壳蛋白VP60基因,将PCR产物克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)中,获得重组质粒pcDNA-VP60,并将其转染Vero细胞。经间接免疫荧光试验,证实pcDNA-VP60在体外细胞中能够成功表达具有免疫原性的VP60蛋白。     

兔出血症病毒RC株VP60基因扩增与序列分析

本实验应用RT—PCR方法从兔出血症病毒荣昌分离株（RHDV—RC）中扩增出衣壳蛋白VP60基因并测序,从GenBank下载已发表的16株RHDVVP60序列,运用生物信息学软件分析并构建系统进化树和氨基酸序列同源性表。结果表明。RC株的VP60基因大小为506bp,GC含量为56．35％．与其它16株RHDVVP60基因核苷酸序列的同源性较高,最高达98.2％;而氨基酸序列的同源性达80％左右。     

兔出血症病毒衣壳蛋白在昆虫细胞中的表达及对家兔的免疫保护效果

用RT—PCR方法扩增兔出血症病毒（RHDV）衣壳蛋白VP60基因,通过克隆、转化得到重组穿梭载体Bacmid—VP60,用此质粒转染Sf9昆虫细胞,得到重组病毒rAcV—Bac—VP60,经RT—PCR、IFA、SDS-PAGE、Western blotting、HA和HI鉴定,结果显示重组VP60蛋白在Sf9昆虫细胞中得到表达。在不加任何佐剂的情况下,用表达的蛋白免疫3月龄非RHD免疫兔,结果显示,免疫后21天,兔体内可产生抗RHDV抗体,抗体血凝抑制效价为2^6～2^7,该抗体可以抵抗血凝效价为2^10致死剂量RHDV强毒的攻击,本研究为兔病毒性出血症基因工程疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

兔出血症病毒镇江株的分离鉴定及VP60蛋白活性表达

试验旨在分离兔出血症病毒（rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus,RHDV）镇江株,分析其遗传进化变异,并表达具有良好活性的重组VP60蛋白。通过排除细菌感染、血凝（HA）和血凝抑制（HI）检测、动物攻毒试验与病毒传代、LD₅₀测定等方法,自江苏省镇江市某兔场发病死亡动物肝脏组织样品中分离病原并鉴定;RT-PCR方法获得VP60基因,通过分析VP60基因核苷酸及氨基酸序列研究其遗传进化;将VP60基因与pCold-Sumo载体连接,构建低温诱导、融合Sumo标签原核表达载体,15℃、IPTG诱导表达重组VP60蛋白并对表达产物进行反应原性鉴定。结果显示,分离鉴定获得RHDV ZJ2015毒株,该毒株能凝集人"O"型红血球,HA效价为11log2,其血凝性能被RHDV （AV33）抗血清抑制,该毒株的LD₅₀为10^-6.38/mL,具有较强的毒力;RT-PCR扩增得到大小约为1 740 bp的特异性条带,系统进化树分析显示,该毒株属于RHDV1抗原遗传变异株（RHDVa）,与RHDV1和RHDV2 VP60基因核苷酸序列同源性分别为89.4%~97.6%和81.1%~81.5%,氨基酸序列同源性分别为93.8%~98.3%和87.4%~87.6%。构建的低温原核融合表达质粒pCold-VP60在大肠杆菌Rosetta （DE3）中成功表达,通过SDS-PAGE及Western blotting分析,在分子质量74 ku处有特异性表达蛋白条带,且与抗血清发生特异性抗原抗体结合反应,说明重组蛋白具有良好的反应原性。本研究为开展兔病毒性出血症流行病学研究、开发新型重组疫苗与诊断试剂提供参考依据。     

兔出血症病毒VP60蛋白真核表达及其免疫原性研究

将兔出血症病毒(Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus,RHDV)衣壳蛋白VP60基因,克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)中,构建pcDNA-VP60,并将其转染Vero细胞.间接免疫荧光(indirect immunofluorescence assay,IFA)检测pcDNA-VP60在细胞中的表达情况,同时将pcDNA-VP60免疫实验兔,观察血清中特异性抗体变化情况.试验结果表明,本文构建的pcDNA-VP60不仅能在Vero细胞中表达VP60蛋白,而且能够诱导机体产生免疫应答.     

兔瘟病毒VP60蛋白原核表达及其应用

为获得活性良好的兔出血症病毒基因工程抗原,本研究对兔出血症病毒ZB分离株的VP60基因进行了原核表达与初步应用。参照ZB株分离病毒VP60基因序列,设计合成一对特异性引物,PCR扩增长876bp的VP60基因片段。将目的片段定向克隆至pET30a表达载体中,经鉴定正确后,重组质粒转化BL21表达菌,经IPTG诱导后获得了以包涵体形式表达的重组蛋白,重组蛋白纯化后,Western blot检测表明具有良好的抗原性与特异性,以该蛋白作为诊断抗原,初步建立了检测兔瘟病毒抗体的间接ELISA诊断方法。本研究为RHDV分子流行病学调查提供了参考,为VP60蛋白结构与功能研究、RHDV抗体检测试剂盒及新型疫苗的研制奠定基础。     

Single dose adenovirus vectored vaccine induces a potent and long-lasting immune response against rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus after parenteral or mucosal administration

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is the etiological agent of a lethal and contagious disease of rabbits that remains as a serious problem worldwide. As this virus does not replicate in cell culture systems, the capsid protein gene has been expressed in heterologous hosts or inserted in replication-competent viruses in order to obtain non-conventional RHDV vaccines. However, due to technological or safety issues, current RHDV vaccines are still prepared from organs of infected rabbits. In this work, two human type 5 derived replication-defective adenoviruses encoding the rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus VP60 capsid protein were constructed. The recombinant protein was expressed as a multimer in mouse and rabbit cell lines at levels that ranged from approximately 120 to 160 mg/L of culture. Mice intravenously or subcutaneously inoculated with a single 10(8) gene transfer units (GTU) dose of the AdVP60 vector (designed for VP60 intracellular expression) seroconverted at days 7 and 14 post-immunization, respectively. This vector generated a stronger response than that obtained with a second vector (AdVP60sec) designed for VP60 secretion. Rabbits were then immunized by parenteral or mucosal routes with a single 10(9)GTU dose of the AdVP60 and the antibody response was evaluated using a competition ELISA specific for RHDV or RHDVa. Protective hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers were also promptly detected and IgG antibodies corresponding with inhibition percentages over 85% persisted up to one year in all rabbits, independently of the immunization route employed. These levels were similar to those elicited with inactivated RHDV or with VP60 obtained from yeast or insect cells. IgA specific antibodies were only found in saliva of rabbits immunized by intranasal instillation. The feasibility of VP60 production and vaccination of rabbits with replication-defective adenoviral vectors was demonstrated.     

兔出血症病毒CD株衣壳蛋白(VP60)基因的克隆、核酸及氨基酸序列比较分析

以兔出血症病毒 CD株人工感染家兔 ,发病死亡后 ,取肝脏匀浆 ,用 Trizol试剂从匀浆上清中提取病毒 RNA。根据 Gen Bank已发表序列保守区设计并合成引物 ,采用 RT- PCR方法扩增了 RHDV衣壳蛋白 VP6 0基因。将所扩增片段克隆到 p MD18- T载体上 ,并进行了序列测定 ,测序结果表明 ,CD株 VP6 0基因全长 174 0 bp。该序列与已发表的其他分布于世界各地的 14株 RHDV序列进行了比较和基因进化树分析。无毒株与各强毒株之间的同源性为 85 .3%～86 .5 % ,强毒株间的同源性较高 ,为 92 .1%～ 10 0 %。根据进化树可把强毒株分为 2大群 ,一群为 CD株、Iowa2 0 0 0株、0 0 - 139株、99- 0 5株 ,其余的为另一群。进一步细分 ,还可以分为 4个亚群和 7个组。但毒株之间的地域性差异并不明显。同时根据 15株 RHDV VP6 0基因的核苷酸序列推导了其所编码的氨基酸序列 ,并进行氨基酸序列的比较和亲水性、柔性区、抗原性和表面结构的比较分析。结果显示 ,各毒株氨基酸之间的的同源性在 90 .5 %～ 10 0 %之间 ,其中无毒株与各强毒株之间的同源性为 90 .5 %～ 91.9% ,强毒株间的同源性在 95 %～ 10 0 %之间 ;氨基酸变异分析未发现突变造成的 VP6 0蛋白高级结构的根本性变化     

兔出血症病毒TP株VP60基因DNA免疫小鼠的实验研究

为评价兔出血症病毒(RHDV)VP60基因在小鼠体内诱导产生体液免疫和细胞免疫情况,本研究构建了RHDV VP60基因的真核表达质粒pcDNA-VP60,并将其免疫小鼠。利用ELISA方法检测特异性抗体和小鼠外周血细胞因子水平,MTT法和流式细胞术(FACS)检测小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞增殖情况和T淋巴细胞亚群的动态变化。抗体检测结果显示,重组质粒免疫组抗体水平在免疫后5周～6周达到峰值,而且与对照组比较差异显著(p<0.05);细胞因子检测结果显示,重组质粒免疫组血清中IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4因子水平随免疫时间延长而升高,并且能够维持较高水平,与对照组比较差异显著(p<0.05);T淋巴细胞检测结果显示,重组质粒免疫组T淋巴细胞明显增殖,CD4+T淋巴细胞数量免疫后明显增高,与对照组比较差异显著(p<0.05);所有检测指标显示重组质粒免疫组和灭活苗免疫组比较均无显著差异(p>0.05)。以上结果表明pcDNA-VP60重组质粒可以诱导小鼠产生特异性体液免疫和细胞免疫,为研制预防兔病毒性出血症的候选DNA疫苗提供了实验依据。     

Egg yolk IgY against RHDV capsid protein VP60 promotes rabbit defense against RHDV infection

VP60 capsid protein is the major structural and immunogenicity protein of RHDV (Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus, RHDV), and has been implicated as a main protein antigen in RHDV diagnosis and vaccine design. In this report, egg yolk antibody (IgY) against N-terminal of VP60 was evaluated and developed as a new strategy for RHDV therapy. Briefly, N-terminal of VP60 (～250aa) fragment was cloned and inserted into pET28a expression vector, and then the resultant plasmid, pET28a/VP60-N, was transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3) for recombinant VP60-N protein (rVP60-N) expression. Next, the rVP60-N was purified by Ni⁺-affinity purification chromatography and identified by Western blotting with RHDV antiserum. After immunizing the chickens with rVP60-N, the anti-rVP60-N IgY was isolated, and the activity and specificity of the IgY antibody were analyzed by ELISA and Western blotting. In our results, the rVP60-N could be expressed in E. coli as soluble fraction, and the isolated anti-rVP60-N IgY demonstrated a high specificity and titer (1:22,000) against rVP60-N antigen. For further evaluation of the IgY efficacy in vivo, rabbits were grouped randomly and challenged with RHDV, and the results showed that anti-rVP60-N IgY could significantly protect rabbits from virus infection and promote the host survival after a sustained treatment with anti-rVP60-N IgY for 5 days. Taken together, our study demonstrates evidence that production of IgY against VP60 could be as a novel strategy for the RHDV therapy.     

兔出血症病毒VP60基因真核表达质粒的构建及初步评价

利用pMD18-T-VP60质粒（包含RHDVTP株VP60基因）PCR扩增并酶切回收VP60基因片段,插入到真核表达载体pcDNA3．1（＋）中,构建真核表达质粒pcDNA—VP60,对重组质粒进行酶切和PCR鉴定;将重组质粒转染RK13细胞,进行间接免疫荧光和Western-blot检测;将构建好的重组质粒作为核酸疫苗,腿部肌肉注射免疫小鼠,采用间接ELISA法检测抗体水平;采用淋巴细胞增殖试验（MTT法）和流式细胞术（FACS）检测细胞免疫情况;采用PCR方法检测重组质粒在小鼠体内的生物安全性。结果显示,成功构建pcDNA—VP60真核表达质粒,并在RK13细胞中获得表达。重组质粒作为核酸疫苗能够诱导小鼠体内产生特异性抗体而且抗体水平随免疫次数增加而逐渐增高,在免疫后49d时达到峰值;脾淋巴细胞刺激指数和CD4＋、CD8＋淋巴细胞亚群数量百分率明显增高,且与对照组存在明显差异。经PCR鉴定VP60基因未整合到小鼠主要脏器染色体上。结果表明,构建的pcDNA—VP60真核表达质粒能够诱导小鼠产生较强的体液免疫和细胞免疫应答,重组质粒对小鼠是安全的。     

兔出血症病毒和巴氏杆菌双重PCR检测方法的建立及应用

参照GenBank公布的兔出血症病毒(RHDV)VP60、巴氏杆菌kmt基因序列,设计两对引物,分别用于扩增RHDV的VP60和巴氏杆菌kmt基因的目的片段。通过正交试验,对反应各组分浓度与组合、反应退火温度及反应参数进行优化,最后建立了RHDV、巴氏杆菌双重PCR检测方法并进行临床应用。结果显示:本试验建立的双重PCR检测方法能够特异性地检测RHDV及巴氏杆菌,最低核酸检出限分别达到70 pg和62pg。检测兔源大肠杆菌、葡萄球菌和链球菌,结果均为阴性。用本方法对临床送检的104份病料进行检测,结果检出RHDV与巴氏杆菌混合感染1份,巴氏杆菌单独感染10份,双重PCR检测结果与临床病原分离结果完全一致。表明本试验建立的兔出血症病毒和巴氏杆菌双重PCR检测方法具有良好的临床应用价值。     

兔病毒性出血症病毒间接ELISA抗体检测试剂盒的研制及其临床应用

为了建立一种快速的兔病毒性出血症病毒抗体检测方法,本研究参照已发表的RHDV基因序列,RT-PCR扩增了长约510bp的VP60基因片段,连接PGEX-4T-1表达载体后获得了以包涵体形式表达的重组VP60蛋白。重组蛋白纯化后,经免疫印迹检测证明具有良好的抗原性和特异性。以该蛋白作为诊断抗原,建立了检测兔病毒性出血症病毒抗体的VP60-ELISA诊断方法。该诊断方法具有良好的敏感性、特异性和重复性,为RHDV的快速诊断、免疫兔群抗体监测和实验兔等级检测提供了一种快速、简便的血清学诊断方法。     

The recombinant rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus VP60 protein obtained from Pichia pastoris induces a strong humoral and cell-mediated immune response following intranasal immunization in mice

Rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) is a contagious and highly lethal viral disease of rabbits that spreads rapidly and infects animals by nasal, conjunctival and oral routes. Therefore, this experiment was undertaken to study the immune response generated after intranasal (i.n.) vaccination with the recombinant VP60 capsid protein from rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) expressed at high levels in Pichia pastoris. Groups of BALB/c mice were immunized with three doses of purified VP60 protein (Group 1), VP60 formulated within the cell debris fraction of the transformed yeast (Group 2) and placebo (Group 3) by intranasal route. Mice were also intramuscularly injected with purified VP60 protein (Group 4). A rapid antibody response specific against rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus was observed in all the experimental groups, except in Group 3, as detected by ELISA. The highest titers were found 60 days after the first immunization. Mice from Group 1 showed the highest IgG response (p<0.05) and the most balanced profile of IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b subclasses. IgA titers specific to the virus were found only in animals from this group, which also developed the highest specific lymphocyte proliferative response. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene expression was also detected after an ex vivo-specific stimulation of mice from Groups 1 and 4. These data demonstrated the capacity of VP60 protein expressed in P. pastoris to elicit a potent humoral and cell-mediated immune response following an intranasal immunization scheme.