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1.
参考GenBank上已发表的口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)全长基因组序列,设计了覆盖基因组全长的数对引物,通过RT-PCR方法对1株Asia1型(简称As01)FMDV进行分段克隆及序列测定,将测序结果利用软件进行拼接。结果表明,该毒株的FMDV基因组[不合poly(C)]全长8180nt,其中编码区为6987nt,5’和3’非编码区(UTR)分别为1078nt和95nt,3'UTR之后为20nt的poly(A)尾巴。将As01株与其他FMDV参考毒株利用分子生物学软件进行多序列比对分析表明,As01株与Asia 1/Jiangsu/China/2005、Asia 1/Isr 1/3/63、ZB/CHA/58等Asia 1型FMDV遗传进化关系较为密切,而与O型和A型FMDV遗传关系较远。  相似文献   

2.
参考GenBank上已发表的口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)全长基因组序列,设计了覆盖基因组全长的数对引物,通过RT-PCR方法对口蹄疫病毒OT株进行分段克隆及序列测定.结果表明不含poly(C)序列的OT株基因组全序列长8 142 nt,开放读码框(ORF)长6 969 nt、编码2 322 aa,5'UTR长1 004 nt,3'UTR长93 nt,3'UTR之后为23nt的poly(A)尾巴.应用分子生物学软件将OT株与FMDV其它参考毒株进行序列比对,并对其基因特征进行分析.结果显示,OT株的假结节(Pseudoknots)从第415-499位连续缺失85 nt,但是其3A基因却未发生碱基的缺失.其VP1基因的核苷酸同源性与O/Akesu58、OMⅢ两株最高,但OT株在进化时间上要比O/Akesu58、OMIII早很多,其毒株起源和遗传衍化关系还需要进一步的关注.  相似文献   

3.
采用RT-PCR法对FMDV OX株基因组全序列进行了分子克隆与测序。结果表明不含poly(C)序列和poly(A)尾巴的OX株基因组全序列长8104nt,开放读码框(ORF)长6969nt、编码2322aa,5’UTR长1040nt,3’UTR长95nt。应用分子生物学软件将OX株与FMDV其它参考毒株进行序列比较,并对其基因特征进行分析。结果显示,OX株与OTwyl/97的核苷酸同源性最高,在基因组功能未知区和3A编码区具有两处明显的缺失现象,其一是在3A编码区有30nt的连续缺失,这与OTwyl/97株相同,其二是在功能未知区域有44nt的缺失,这与OTwyl/97株相同,与OAkesu58相似(43nt缺失)。  相似文献   

4.
对我国鸭病毒性肝炎病毒(Duck hepatitis virus,DHV)分离株JFX08的全基因组进行了序列测定与分析。结果表明,JFX08毒株的基因组全长为7793nt,包括652nt的5’UTR,6753nt的ORF,366nt的3’UTR以及19nt的poly(A)尾巴。JFX08毒株的ORF编码2251个氨基酸,各基因均与韩国新型毒株的氨基酸序列相似性最高,与1型DHV和台湾新型DHV的序列相似性均较低。其中VP1较1型DHV存在2个氨基酸的插入和较多氨基酸位点的突变,高变区主要集中在180~194位和213~219位。JFX08毒株的非编码区核苷酸序列之间存在大量碱基突变和插入/缺失。多聚蛋白、VP0、VP3、VP1、2C和3D基因进化分析结果均表明,JFX08分离株与韩国新型DHV的遗传距离最近,属基因C型。  相似文献   

5.
应用3’RACE法降落式扩增并克隆了猪水泡病病毒(SVDV)HK/70株基因组3’端的真实序列。测序结果表明,所扩增的目的基因片段长4200nt,包括非结构蛋白编码区(P2和P3)、3’端非编码区和poly(A)尾,其中3’NTR位于终止密码子TAA之后,长99nt,poly(A)至少含有74个腺嘌呤碱基。经与参考毒株进行序列比较,结果显示,HK/70株与J1’73、H/3’76和AUG/22/90株的核苷酸同源性较高,为99.0%(仅第65位碱基不同),而与NET/1/92参考毒株的核苷酸同源性较低,为83.3%,与人柯萨奇病毒B5UK/54株(UK/54-CB5)的同源性为75.7%。同时对3’NTR的二级结构进行分析,并与参考毒株和CB5毒株的二级结构进行了比较。结果表明,它们具有协同变异性,有共同的祖先,显示出3’NTR存在支持其功能所必需的一些结构域。  相似文献   

6.
本研究测定了3个鸡贫血病病毒(Chinken anemia virus,CAV)国内分离株及12个直接来源于临床样品的CAV毒株全基因组序列,结果表明15个CAV毒株的全基因组长度和结构与已报道的其它CAV毒株一致,长度均为2298nt,包含有3个重叠的ORFs。与GenBank发表的13个毒株序列进行序列比较发现,所有毒株核苷酸序列的相似性在95.2%~99.5%之间,CAV全基因组序列有2个高度变异区(HVR),分别位于1033nt~1470nt和1858nt~2193nt。CAVORF3变异度最高,其5’端2/5处和3’端2/5~1/5处为2个高度变异区。ORF2变异度也较高,主要出现在5’端1/4处,ORFI最为保守。以CAV全基因组核苷酸序列和ORF3核苷酸序列为基础分别构建的CAV毒株分子进化树,均可以将全部CAV毒株划分为2个基因群。我国部分地区分离的大多数毒株,属基因Ⅰ群,与德国Cux-1等主要流行毒株有较为相近的亲缘关系;其它CAV国内毒株,属基因Ⅱ群,与日本G6株和TR20株有着更为相近的关系。  相似文献   

7.
本研究首次完成了免病毒性出血症病毒(Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus,RHDV)中国分离株JX/CHA/97全基因组序列的测定与分析。研究结果表明,JX/CHA/97株的全基因组由7437个核苷酸组成,其基因组构成为:5'端有一个长度仅为9nt的非编码区,随后有2个阅读框架(ORFs).分别编码一个聚合蛋白和一个结构蛋白。在基因组的3'端也有一个非编码区,长度为59nt。另外,采用RACE方法获得了RHDV的poly(A)尾序,证明该结构至少含有27个A。根据RHDV衣壳蛋白的基因序列,将JX/CHA/97株与来自世界各地的22株RHDV分离株的基因组序列进行了比较与分析,并绘制了系统发生树。结果表明,RHDV各分离株之间存在较高的序列同源性,可以将它们至少分为6个拓朴群,提示RHDV有朝不同方向发生进化的趋势。  相似文献   

8.
用3'RACE方法扩增并克隆口蹄疫病毒基因组3'末端序列   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
应用3’RACE方法扩增并克隆了口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)0H99株基因组3’端真实序列。测序结果表明,所扩增的目的基因片段长1500nt,包括3D基因部分序列、3’端非编码区(Non—Coding Region,NCR)和Poly(A)尾巴,其中3’NCR位于终止密码子TAA之后,长93nt,Poly(A)尾序列至少含有56个A。与参考毒株进行序列比较,结果显示,OH99株与0TY TW/97株的核苷酸同源性较高,为91.4%,而与O1K、CHINA99、A12等毒株的核苷酸同源性较低,其同源性分别为68.1%、71.0%、70.2%。3’NCR的末端存在保守性较高的基序:CCCTCAGATG,TTTTCCC—CGCTTCCT。本研究为进一步研究FMDV基因组的功能、构建OH99株的反向遗传操作系统奠定了基础。  相似文献   

9.
为研究牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)的分子特征,本研究参考GenBank中登录的BVDV基因Ⅱ型病毒株全基因组序列,设计多对引物,通过RT-PCR方法,对一株分离自某商品化血清中的BVDV分离株HLJ-10全基因组进行分段克隆及序列测定,获得了该分离株的全基因组序列。生物信息学分析表明,该分离株为BVDV基因Ⅱ型,全长12 284 nt,编码区为11 694 nt,共编码3 897个氨基酸,5’和3’非编码区分别为385 nt和205 nt。与其它BVDV参考株序列比对分析表明,HLJ-10与SH-28和KZ91CP进化关系较密切,预测该分离株含有22个潜在糖基化位点,氨基酸差异性分析表明E2蛋白的氨基酸序列在瘟病毒属中变异性较大。  相似文献   

10.
为了解我国新出现的禽副黏病毒14型(APMV-14)的基因组特性,对2022年从我国家禽中新分离到的2株APMV-14毒株进行了基因组测序和序列分析。结果显示:两株毒株基因组长度均为15 444 nt,结构均为3''-N-P-M-F-HN-L-5'',3''前导序列和5''尾随序列长度分别为55和277 nt,各基因间隔序列长度不等(2~36 nt);2株毒株F蛋白裂解位点均为99REGR↓L103,具有低致病性禽副黏病毒分子特征;2株毒株HN蛋白长度均为607 aa,明显长于2011年日本分离株APMV14/duck/Japan/11OG0352/2011(580 aa)。同源性分析显示,我国分离的2株不同宿主来源的APMV-14毒株基因组核苷酸同源性为99.5%,与APMV-14代表株11OG0352同源性最高(91.0%),与其余禽副黏病毒同源性仅为45.0%~52.3%;遗传进化分析显示,2株APMV-14毒株与日本APMV-14分离株(11OG0352)位于同一分支。综上所述,本研究中的2株来源于不同宿主(鸡和鸭)的APMV-14毒株基因组序列高度同源,说明APMV-14已具备水禽—陆禽的跨种传播能力。本研究为APMV-14生物学特性等相关研究奠定了基础。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

13.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

14.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

15.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

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18.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

19.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

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