猪冷冻精液在人工授精中的研究进展

猪冷冻精液在传播优良品种、提高优秀公畜利用率和降低生产成本方面具有重要作用。随着集约化养猪模式的不断发展和人工授精技术普及率的提高，以及地方猪种质资源保存和利用的持续加强，猪冷冻精液将会得到更多应用。然而，猪精子容易受冷休克的影响，且常规人工输精模式不适用于冷冻精液，导致猪冷冻精液在生产中使用率很低。文章通过介绍目前国内外猪冷冻精液在人工授精中的应用现状，分析影响猪冷冻精液应用效果的主要因素，并提出了提高猪冷冻精液在人工授精中应用效果的相关措施，以期为猪冷冻精液生产技术进步及在人工授精中的应用提供参考。     

植物提取物在猪生产中的应用研究进展

本文综述了植物提取物的抗茵和抗氧化作用机制，及其对猪生长、肉质、繁殖性能及免疫功能和肠道茵群的影响，旨在为其在猪生产中的合理应用提供理论依据。     

高油玉米在猪禽饲料中的应用研究进展

本文介绍了高油玉米的饲用价值，综述了当前在猪禽饲料中的应用饲喂效果及对猪禽产品品质的影响，表明高油玉米具有较大的营养优势，是一种优质高效的饲料原料，必将在猪禽生产中发挥重要作用。     

应用SPA-ELISA对猪囊尾蚴病进行诊断及药物防制

本文报道在云南省部分猪囊尾蚴感染较高的地区应用猪囊尾蚴病SPA－ELIA的方法。进行猪囊尾蚴病的血清学监测。改变了生前难以对猪囊尾蚴病的诊断，及时对猪囊尾蚴病采取药物防制。该方法简便，采血纸易行，检出率高，特异性强，在检猪囊尾蚴病病猪的同时，采纳国内应用丙硫苯咪唑预防和治疗猪囊尾蚴病的经验，在这些地区推广应用，取得了较好的效果。     

有机硒在猪营养中的应用

本文综述了有机硒的化学特性、在猪体内的存在形式与其生物学功能、在猪体内的代谢情况以及目前有机硒在养猪生产中的应用，并指出了有机硒的应用前景及存在的问题。     

益生菌在猪不同生产阶段中的应用

益生菌作为抗生素的替代品之一，广泛应用于猪生产的各个阶段。在生猪养殖中加入益生菌能够提高机体免疫力、维持肠道健康、提高营养物质吸收效率。本文对益生菌在妊娠及哺乳期母猪、断奶仔猪、生长育肥猪不同阶段的应用情况进行综述，总结了益生菌对机体生理、免疫和生产性能的影响，以期为益生菌在猪业生产中的应用提供参考。     

猪基因组信息资源的整合与利用

猪基因组图谱已得到极大发展，猪基因组计划已启动并在实施之中。利用QTL扫描，候选基因分析、基因阵列分析、生物信息学、比较基因组学等工具，已经发现了很多影响猪主要经济性状的基因或基因标记。利用标记辅助选择，结合基因标记和常规生产性能信息，可以极大地改进养猪业重要的经济性状。本文对猪的基因组学、生长速度、瘦肉率。饲料吸收，肌肉品质、窝产仔数及疾病抗性等主要经济性状的研究进展及标记辅助选择在猪生产中的应用进行综述。     

不同剂量及不同添加方式半胱胺对鸡和猪的影响

对比半胱胺不同剂量及不同添加方式对鸡和猪各生长期的影响；指出半胱胺在鸡及猪生产中的应用对改善生产性能有重要作用，探讨半胱胺在应用中的可操作性、效果稳定性和安全可靠性方面的问题。     

牛猪血液中凝血酶含量与效价的比较

应用改进的工艺，分别对牛，猪血液中凝血酶进行提取，分离和纯化，并分别进行了效价测定及其它常规检测。通过相互比较证明，牛血液中凝血酶的效价高于猪，但猪血液中凝血酶的提取量高于牛。     

异种移植的现状与未来

应用猪的细胞、组织或器官移植治疗人类疾病的研究方兴未艾。本文综述了异种移植的最新进展，侧重阐明了异种移植存在的生理学和免疫学障碍及解决异种移植排斥的策略。讨论了应用猪行为供体进行异种移植可能存在的一些潜在危险性，特别是猪内源性逆转录病毒造成的一系列问题。     

浅析当前畜禽调运工作中存在的问题及对策

1 当前畜禽调运中存在的问题 1．1 调运户动物防疫意识不强 一是个别调运户未申领《动物防疫合格证》，没有动物防疫知识和相关法律法规知识．是违规调运的根源．     

Anaesthesia and analgesia of the donkey and the mule

The number of donkeys and mules throughout the world is stable, and awareness of their use and concern for welfare, pain recognition and treatment are receiving increasing veterinary interest. Therefore, accurate information about anaesthesia and analgesia in donkeys and mules is important to ever more equine practitioners. Since donkeys are physiologically and pharmacologically different from horses, knowledge on species specific aspects of anaesthesia and analgesia are very important. Mules combine elements from both donkey and horse backgrounds, leading to great diversity in size, temperament and body type. Physiologically, they seem to resemble horses more than donkeys. This review highlights the current knowledge on various anaesthetic and analgesic approaches in donkeys and mules. There is still much information that is not available about donkeys; in many circumstances, the clinician must use available equine information to treat the patient, while monitoring carefully to observe for differences in response to therapy compared to the horse.     

貉,蓝狐,银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞形态分布的研究

本文应用Ｆｏｒｔａｎａ—Ｍａｓｓｏｎ嗜银颗粒染色法研究了貉、蓝狐、银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞的形态分布。结果表明：三种动物胃幽门腺中，嗜根细胞数量最多，呈锥状，嗜银颗粒较粗，密度大、染成深黑色。在胃底及胃贲门腺区、嗜银细胞数量少。在十二指肠部嗜银细胞呈蝌蚪形，嗜银颗粒细，呈黑褐色，密度较小。嗜银细胞的分布密度在三种动物中具有一定的差别。     

Comparative ventilation and gas exchange in the horse and the cow

Ventilation and gas exchange were studied in healthy, adult horses and cows, two large species with different lung structures and different breathing patterns. The oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide output (VCO2), respiratory rate (fR), minute ventilation (VE), alveolar ventilation (VA), alveolar oxygen pressure (PAO2), and VE/VO2 ratio were higher in the cows, while the tidal volume (VT) and physiological dead space (VD) were larger in the horses. The arterial blood gases, alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (PAO2-PaO2) and VD/VT ratio did not differ between the two species. The higher VO2 in the cows was most likely due to the energy cost of standing, and possibly to a higher cost of digestion. The higher VE, VA, VE/VO2 and PAO2 were most likely secondary to the increased VO2 and the slightly higher respiratory exchange ratio (R) in the cows. In contrast to hypotheses based on allometric equations, the PAO2 of horses and cows did not appear to differ from that of smaller mammals. The VD was larger than that predicted from allometric equations, and even though the VD/VT ratio (0.50) was lower than the previously reported values for horses and cows, it was significantly larger than the predicted weight-independent value of 0.36. Re-examination of the data used to derive the equation for VD raised questions as to the validity of this equation, and it is suggested that caution be exercised in the use of allometric equations for prediction.     

改进微防技术提高微防效果

20世纪80年代以来,我省一代杂交蚕种微粒子病发生经历了三个阶段(见图表1).第一阶段是1980～1995年,我省家蚕微粒子病处于低发期.从蚕种生产历史上看,这15年是我省蚕种生产发展最为迅速,蚕种生产量最大时期,尤其在九十年代初期全国家蚕微粒子病大暴发,"微防"形势不断恶化情况下,我省的微粒子病发生始终处于有效控制状态,最高年份毛种淘汰率仅为1.66%,"无毒率"高,蚕种质量稳居全国前茅.第二阶段1996～1999年,是我省家蚕微粒子病暴发期.年毛种淘汰率都在10%以上,1998年甚至高达15.48%,检验无毒蚕种比例急剧下降,全省没有一个"无毒"场,微粒子病在我省的流行呈"遍地开花"之势.第三个阶段为1999年以后,我省家蚕微粒子暴发的态势得到了基本控制,防治工作取得了阶段性成效.2000年我省蚕种生产淘汰率从1996～1999年平均12.17%下降到3.25%;2001年全省"无毒"比例已达71.04%,比1996-1999年的平均水平上升了15个百分点,重点产区"无毒"蚕种比例已达80%以上.这阶段我省形成了"三控一严"(即控制胚种传染、控制桑园虫害、控制环境污染和严格管理)家蚕微粒子病综合防治技术体系,全省建立了严格的预知检查体系,桑叶叶面消毒技术得到了大面积的推广应用.     

The relation between the birth process and the condition of the newborn piglet and calf

Fluxes of the anti-parasitic agents, [³H]-ivermectin, [³H]-selamectin and [³H]-moxidectin were studied across non-transfected and transfected canine kidney epithelial monolayers, MDCK II/wt, MDCK II-MDR1, MDCK II-MRP1 and MDCK II-MRP2. All four lines surprisingly expressed significant levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), coded for by MDR1, but MDCK II-MDR1 expressed increased levels compared to the other lines. MDCK II-MRP1 and MDCK II-MRP2 expressed increased levels of MRP1 and MRP2 respectively. Fluxes of [³H]-ivermectin, [³H]-selamectin, [³H]-moxidectin, and the P-gp substrates, rhodamine-123 and DiOC₂, were polarized in the basolateral-to-apical (secretory) direction across the four lines. Selected MRP inhibitors used in relevant pharmacological concentrations did not block the secretory fluxes of either [³H]-ivermectin or [³H]-selamectin in either the non-transfected or MRP-transfected lines. In contrast, secretory fluxes of ivermectin and selamectin were inhibited in all four lines by the P-gp inhibitor, verapamil. These data confirm that ivermectin and selamectin are substrates for P-gp in four additional cell lines, but suggest that they are not significant substrates for MRP1 or MRP2 where there is background expression of P-gp. Since this pattern of expression also pertains on the blood-brain barrier, it is unlikely that MRP1 and MRP2 play a significant role in ivermectin and selamectin blood: brain distribution in vivo.