奶牛真胃移位的手术整复疗法

奶牛真胃移位可分为左方变位，右方变位和后方变位三种。其中左方变位是最为常见的。左方变位就是真胃通过瘤胃下方移行到左侧腹腔，嵌留在瘤胃与左侧腹壁之间。此病多由精粗饲料比例不合理引起真胃驰缓或体位骤然变化所致。笔者曾治疗真胃移位奶牛52例，其中用保守疗法治疗5例，治愈2例，治愈率40％；用手术整复疗法治疗47例，治愈47例，治愈率100％。最近，在本公司的河北大曹庄服务点，笔者为当地奶农一头真胃移位的奶牛成功施行了手术，术后结合抗感染治疗和精心护理，拆线后奶牛精神食欲正常，产奶量逐渐增加，受到当地奶农的称赞。下面结合工作中的体会，介绍真胃移位手术整复疗法的具体操作方法，以供同行参考。     

三种治疗奶牛真胃左移方法的比较

真胃移位是奶牛生产中常见的一种疾病，其发生是由特殊的生理阶段有关，其发生的机制主要是产后奶牛的采食量较低，瘤胃占据的容积小，而分娩后子宫占据的空间缩小，真胃趁机游离于腹腔左侧而压迫于瘤胃下，因而是不可避免的一种疾病，在管理条件较差的牛场，发病率可达2％以上。确诊为真胃左方移位后多通过手术疗法，在生产中对该病的治疗方法主要有3种：翻转法、左方切口手术疗法和右方切口手术疗法。笔者在多家大型养殖场和兽医院接触过大量的真胃移位病例，对这3种方法进行了简单的总结。     

奶牛真胃变位的诊断及手术治疗

奶牛真胃（即皱胃）变位是高产奶牛分娩后1个月的高发病。它是指真胃的正常解剖位置发生改变。临床上主要分为左方移位和右方移位。左方移位是指真胃通过瘤胃下方移到左侧腹腔。置于瘤胃和左腹壁之间，且因真胃内常积聚大量的气体。而使其飘至瘤胃背囊的上方。右方移位是指真胃向后方扭转（顺时针）置于肝脏和有腹壁之间。     

奶牛真胃移位的手术整复疗法

奶牛真胃移位可分为左方变位、右方变位和后方变位三种。其中左方变位是最为常见的。左方变位就是真胃通过瘤胃下方移行到左侧腹腔，嵌留在瘤胃与左侧腹壁之间。此病的发生多由于在饲养上精、粗饲料搭配比例不合理引起真胃弛缓或体位骤然变化所至。笔者曾治疗真胃移位的奶牛52例，其中用保守疗法治疗了5例，治愈2例，治愈率40％；而用手术整复疗法治疗了47例，治愈47例，治愈率达到100％。特别是最近在罗威特动物营养有限公司河北大曹庄服务点，为当地一头真胃移位的奶牛成功施行了手术，术后结合抗感染治疗和精心护理。拆线后，奶牛精神、食欲正常，产奶量逐渐增加，当地奶农对罗威特公司这种精湛的技术和专业服务的做法赞口不绝。下面结合工作中的体会，介绍真胃移位手术整复疗法的具体操作方法，以供同行参考。     

泌乳奶牛产后真胃移位的诊断及其手术治疗

奶牛真胃移位是指正常生理状态下位于腹腔右侧的真胃,位置发生变化(移至左侧),引起奶牛消化机能紊乱、产奶量骤降、食欲废绝,直至死亡的一种急性内科疾病。本文分析了真胃移位的病因,详细地介绍了一例泌乳奶牛产后真胃移位的临床诊断、手术治疗和术后恢复,以供同行参考,减少其对奶牛养殖业带来的经济损失。     

牛真胃移位的手术疗法

<正>真胃移位是指真胃由正常位置移到瘤胃和网胃的左侧与左侧肋弓之间。前方可扩张到网胃和膈肌,后方可扩张到最后肋骨或进入左侧腰旁窝。真胃移位95%左右在左侧,其临床特征是慢性消化机能紊乱。近几年随着奶牛饲养业的扩大,集约化程度不断提高,加上大量饲喂精料,盲目追求高产,使奶牛真胃变位的发病率逐年上升,给奶牛业造成严重的经济损失。真胃左方变位高于右方变位,且百分之九十发病于一、二胎次,通过手术治疗,除因腹壁     

奶牛真胃变位的病因及诊治

奶牛真胃变位是指真胃的正常生理位置发生改变,是高产奶牛产后的高发病。临床上主要分为左方移位和右方移位。左方移位是指真胃通过瘤胃下方移到左侧腹腔,置于瘤胃和左腹壁之间,且因真胃内常积聚大量气体,而使其浮移至瘤胃背囊的上方。     

奶牛真胃变位的诊断及手术治疗

奶牛真胃（即皱胃）变位是高产奶牛分娩后1个月的高发病.它是指真胃的正常解剖位置发生改变.临床上主要分为左方移位和右方移位.左方移位是指真胃通过瘤胃下方移到左侧腹腔,置于瘤胃和左腹壁之间,且因真胃内常积聚大量的气体,而使其飘至瘤胃背囊的上方,右方移位是指真胃向后方扭转（顺时针）置于肝脏和右腹壁之间.     

奶牛真胃移位的诊断与手术治疗

奶牛真胃移位是指真胃正常解剖学位置发生了改变,而引起消化机能障碍的一种常见内科疾病,其临床特征为慢性消化紊乱。本文介绍了奶牛真胃移位(真胃变位)的发病病因、临床症状、手术治疗和预防措施。临床实践表明,积极预防,发病后尽早确诊,并积极采取手术治疗,完全可以控制该病的发生和发展。     

奶牛真胃变位防治体会

红光农场畜牧公司有奶牛(混合群)近2500头。近年来,奶产量单产有了大幅度的提高,与此同时,各种疾病特别是“真胃变位”发生率显著增长,2003年1至10月共发病37例,发病率占成母牛2.74%。1发病情况调查病牛发病情况见表1表1显示,最早发病为产后第8天,产后30天发病牛为23头占62%,说明该病与奶牛分娩有关。妊娠后期子宫的逐渐扩大,将瘤胃上抬,真胃逐步移向前方及左侧,到后期已处于半变位状态,分娩后子宫变空,真胃继续扩张,进而发展成为左侧移位。表1还可以看出,奶牛2场奶牛发病头数最多,而且产后发病时间延长(最长为212天)。这是由于奶牛2场奶量…     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Mechanism of Action of Probiotic Function of Lactobacilli

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制.     

獭兔睾丸的组织学观察

家兔作为一种实验动物 ,推动了繁殖技术的发展。本试验通过对不同年龄公獭兔的睾丸进行组织学观察、测定 ,研究精子的发生规律 ,为系统地进行繁殖生理工作提供依据。1　材料与方法选 60日龄、75日龄、90日龄 3个年龄公獭兔各5只 ,用外科手术法摘取两侧睾丸 ,放入 Bouin氏液中固定 ,二甲苯透明 ,石蜡包埋 ,切成 5～ 8μm切片 ,H.E.染色。在显微镜下观察 ,并进行定量组织学指标测定及差异性比较。2　结果和讨论2 .1　睾丸定量组织学指标的测定结果　见表 1。表 1　獭兔睾丸定量组织学指标　　　μm,个 /精细管60日龄 75日龄 90日龄曲细精管…     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

Observations of fracture of the anconeal process of the ulna of swine

Fractures of the anconeal process of 5 pigs ranging in age from 4 to 8 months were studied radiographically and histologically. Clinically, animals with a fracture of the anconeal process had a "tight," restricted gait. In pigs at 4.5 months of age, a radiolucent line through the base of the anconeal process was composed of fibrocartilage, fibrous connective tissue, and hyaline cartilage. Subperiosteal proliferation of woven bone was located along the cranial surface of the olecranon, adjacent to the base of the anconeal process. In older animals, the radiolucent line through the anconeal process contained variable amounts of fibrous connective tissue and fibrocartilage. The proliferation of subperiosteal bone at the base of the anconeal process formed a "buttress callus" which retained a radiolucent area between the callus and the proximal surface of the anconeal process. The latter region of radiolucency was continuous with the transversely oriented line that traversed the base of the anconeal process.     

野生桑二倍体、六倍体的杂交结实性及种子成苗能力研究

用野生桑 12份、栽培桑品种 6个选配不同类型、不同倍数性的远缘杂交组合 32个 ,研究远缘杂交的结实性和成苗能力。试验结果表明 :野生桑二倍体×栽培种二倍体的成籽率、成苗率优于野生桑六倍体×栽培种二倍体的成籽率和成苗率 ;栽培种二倍体×野生桑二倍体的成籽率、成苗率优于栽培种二倍体×野生桑六倍体的成籽率和成苗率 ;栽培种×野生桑的成籽率、成苗率优于野生桑×栽培种的成籽率和成苗率