共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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靶向抗菌肽的设计策略与应用 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
抗生素问世以来挽救了无数生命,然而近年来抗生素的滥用越来越严重,从而导致多重耐药菌的出现以及机体正常微生物群落的生态失衡等问题,迫使人们开始寻找有效的抗生素替代物。抗菌肽广泛存在于动植物体中,具有抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗病毒及免疫调节等生物学活性,且不易诱发细菌耐药性,在临床和畜牧生产中表现出极好的应用前景。为避免细菌耐药性和微生态紊乱等问题的产生,具有靶向功能的抗菌肽受到科研工作者的青睐,逐渐成为研究的热点,并有望成为抗生素替代物之一。本文对近年来靶向抗菌肽的设计思路及其在临床和畜牧生产中的应用前景进行概述,以期为将来靶向抗菌肽的开发提供新的思路。 相似文献
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抗菌肽是一种具有广谱抗菌性能的多肽,在畜牧业上具有重要的潜在应用前景。作者综述了抗菌肽的生物学特性、功能和抗菌机制,以及新发现的抗菌肽,并对其应用研究及前景进行阐述。 相似文献
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蚕类抗菌肽及其研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
抗菌活性肽被认为是从细菌到高等哺乳动物都普遍存在的一类防御性多肽。被称之为“第二防御体系”,具有抗细菌、真菌、病毒、原虫及抑癌活性,有潜在的应用价值。近年来。对抗菌肽的研充已成为一个迅速发展的新领域,越来越引起人们的关注和重视。本介绍蚕类抗菌肽的种类、作用机理、生物活性、抗菌肽基因的分子设计、克隆与表达以及抗菌肽在转基因动植物方面的研究状况。并探讨了抗菌肽的应用前景及存在的问题。 相似文献
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ZHANG Qing-hua WANG Qing SHANG Tian-tian ZHAO Zhi-yu XU Yan-zhao HU Jian-he 《中国畜牧兽医》2014,41(5):163-167
The antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a class of defense peptides that widely exist in nature, which are important components of the innate immune system. Compared to antibiotics, AMPs have some good quality, such as small molecular weight, good water-solubility, thermal stability and unique antibiotic mechanism. They can also restrain virus, fungus and even tumour. With the appearance of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and the increasing of new AMPs, the study focuses on it’s mechanism of biological activity. This paper summarizes the biological activity mechanism and molecular modification of AMPs, so as to provide theory basis for the molecular modification and the application of AMPs. 相似文献
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Sang Y Blecha F 《Animal health research reviews / Conference of Research Workers in Animal Diseases》2008,9(2):227-235
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are ubiquitous, gene-encoded natural antibiotics that have gained recent attention in the search for new antimicrobials to combat infectious disease. In multicellular organisms, AMPs, such as defensins and cathelicidins, provide a coordinated protective response against infection and are a principal component of innate immunity in vertebrates. In unicellular organisms, AMPs, such as bacteriocins, function to suppress competitor species. Because many AMPs kill bacteria by disruption of membrane integrity and are thus thought to be less likely to induce resistance, AMPs are being extensively evaluated as novel antimicrobial drugs. This review summarizes and discusses the antibiotic properties of AMPs highlighting their potential as alternatives to conventional antibiotics. 相似文献
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Background – Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have a pivotal role in cutaneous innate immunity. They are present in the skin of many animals, including mammals, and are both constitutively present and inducible by infection and injury. Functions – Antimicrobial peptides exhibit antimicrobial activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites, with different potencies depending on their peptide structure. They also act as multifunctional effector molecules that influence diverse cellular processes, including cell migration, proliferation and differentiation, cytokine production, angiogenesis and wound healing. Suppressed AMP production has been associated with increased susceptibility to microbial insults and the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. This review highlights recent observations on the expression and role of AMPs, particularly the AMPs cathelicidin and β‐defensin, in healthy and diseased skin. 相似文献
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Porcine antimicrobial peptides: new prospects for ancient molecules of host defense 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small, endogenous, polycationic molecules that constitute a ubiquitous and significant component of innate immunity. These natural antibiotics have broad microbicidal activity against various bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. Because most AMPs kill bacteria by physical disruption of cell membranes, which may prevent microorganisms from developing resistance against these agents, they are being explored as possible alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Pigs, like many other mammals, produce an impressive array of AMPs, which are synthesized predominantly by host leukocytic phagocytes or mucosal epithelial cells. Currently, more than a dozen distinct porcine AMPs have been identified and a majority belongs to the cathelicidin family. This review briefly summarizes recent advances in porcine AMP research with an emphasis on the diverse biological functions of each peptide. Mechanisms of action of these AMPs and their role in the resistance to infections are considered. Finally, the current status of pharmaceutical and agricultural uses of AMPs as well as future prospects for their application in the food animal industry is discussed. 相似文献
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试验旨在研究发酵床饲养模式下饲粮中添加抗菌肽对仔猪生长性能、胰腺和小肠内容物消化酶及小肠黏膜二糖酶和垫料蛋白酶、脲酶、铵态氮的影响。选用108头35日龄、体重13kg左右的健康苏钟猪随机分为3组,每组3重复,每重复12头,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+40mg/kg杆菌肽锌+20mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素(抗生素组)和基础饲粮+300mg/kg抗菌肽(抗菌肽组)的试验日粮,试验期49d10结果表明:(1)各组间仔猪生长性能差异不显著(P〉0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加抗菌肽能够显著提高仔猪胰腺、十二指肠和空肠内容物淀粉酶及空肠内容物胰蛋白酶活性(P〈0.05);并显著提高仔猪十二指肠黏膜麦芽糖酶和空肠黏膜蔗糖酶、乳糖酶及回肠黏膜蔗糖酶活性(P〈0.05);抗菌肽组十二指肠黏膜麦芽糖酶活性比抗生素组提高(P〈0.05)。(3)各组间发酵床垫料蛋白酶和脲酶活性及铵态氮含量差异不显著(P〉0.05)。综上所述,本试验条件下,饲粮添加300mg/kg的抗菌肽能够在一定程度上提高仔猪生长性能;提高胰腺、小肠内容物及小肠黏膜消化酶活性;同时不影响垫料蛋白酶、脲酶活性和垫料铵态氮含量。 相似文献
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抗生素的滥用导致全球细菌耐药性问题愈发严重,严重威胁人类、畜禽健康及畜牧业发展,功能多样且不易导致细菌产生耐药性突变的抗菌肽(antimicrobial peptides,AMPs)逐渐发展为抗生素的潜在替代品。β-折叠是抗菌肽一个主要的二级结构分类,该类肽通常由一个或多个二硫键来维系结构的稳定,现已发现许多抗菌肽具有此类结构。相比于目前研究广泛的α-螺旋AMP,它们被认为拥有更强的抗酶解能力和更高的细胞选择性。本篇综述介绍了β-折叠抗菌肽的来源和抗细菌机理,并梳理了一些常见的分子设计方法和应用策略,以期为β-折叠抗菌肽的研发应用提供新思路。 相似文献