猪支原体肺炎的治疗效果观察

为治疗湖南省某大型外贸猪场自然感染的猪支原体肺炎，采用支原净＋土霉素、支原净、泰乐菌素这几种药物分高低剂量组进行了对比治疗实验。结果发现，用支原净＋土霉素高、低剂量组的治愈率均为90％，单独使用支原净的高剂量组治愈率为85％，低剂量组治愈率为75％：单独用泰乐菌素的高剂量组治愈率为75％，低剂量组治愈率为65％。实验表明：支原净＋土霉素对猪喘气病的疗效最好。     

三种药物防治猪喘气病的效果观察

为治疗湖南省某大型外贸猪场自然感染的猪喘气病(猪支原体肺炎,MPS),采用支原净 土霉素、支原净、泰乐茵素这几种药物分高低剂量组进行了对比治疗试验。结果发现,用支原净 土霉素高低剂量组的治愈率均为90％,单独使用支原净的高剂量组治愈率为85％,低剂量组治愈率为75％;单独用泰乐茵素的高剂量组治愈率为75％,低剂量组治愈率为65％。试验表明：支原净 土霉素对猪喘气病的疗效最好。     

泰乐菌素对猪喘气病的疗效试验

通过泰乐菌素和克林霉素、金霉素、土霉素钼盐对猪喘气病的疗效试验,结果表明：泰乐菌素对猪喘气病治疗的总有效率为９０％,优于克林霉素、金霉素和土霉素钙盐的疗效,与对照药物克林可霉素的疗效比较,差异显著（Ｐ〈０．０５）,与对照药物金霉素和土霉素钙盐的疗效比较,差异极显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）。泰乐菌素对猪喘气病治疗效果确切,可在临床上应用。     

盐酸林可霉素治疗猪喘气病疗效试验

以烟台某猪厂自然感染暴发喘气病病猪为对象,用绿喘平注射液、泰乐菌素注射液、硫酸卡那霉素注射液进行对比治疗。结果显示,绿喘平组的高、中、低剂量治疗猪喘气病总有效率分别为100%、100%、96.67%;与泰乐菌素组的总有效率80%相比较,差异显著(P<0.05);与硫酸卡那霉素组的总有效率36.67%相比较,差异极显著(P<0.01)。试验表明,绿喘平注射液治疗猪喘气病疗效确实。     

绿喘平治疗猪喘气病疗效观察

以烟台某猪厂自然感染暴发喘气病病猪为对象,用绿喘平注射液、泰乐菌素注射液、硫酸卡那霉素注射液进行对比治疗。结果:绿喘平组的高、中、低剂量治疗猪喘气病总有效率分别为100%、100%、96.67%;与泰乐菌素组的总有效率80%相比较,差异显著P<0.05;与硫酸卡那霉素组的总有效率36.67%相比较,差异极显著P<0.01。试验表明,绿喘平注射液治疗猪喘气病疗效确实。     

国产泰乐菌素治疗猪肺炎支原体病（猪喘气病）实验报告

用国产泰乐菌素治疗猪肺炎支原体（ＭＰＳ）病，按２６ｍｇ（高）、１３ｍｇ（中）、５ｍｇ（低）／ｋｇ体重肌肉注射，每天２次，连续７天为一个疗程。第一个疗程治愈率分别为５４．５％、５４．５％、６３．６％；未愈猪做第二个疗程，治愈率分别为３３．３％、５５．５％、４４．４％。中剂量组与进口泰乐菌素同等剂量组治愈率相同。用国产泰乐菌素预防ＭＰＳ病，按１３ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重肌肉注射，每天２次，连续７天，结果保护８／１０，阳性对照猪１０／１０发病。     

不同药物对猪气喘病抗体水平影响的研究

为研究不同剂量的泰妙菌素和强力霉素对猪气喘病的治疗水平,通过饲喂不同剂量的泰妙茵素和强力霉素,4星期后抽血检测抗体水平。结果,空白对照组阳性率为60％,给药50毫克／千克泰妙茵素与强力霉素的低剂量组阳性率均为20％,100毫克／千克泰妙菌素与强力霉素的高剂量组阳性率均为10％;阳性减少率,泰妙菌素低剂量组为64％、强力霉素低剂量组为59％、泰妙菌素高剂量组为82％和强力霉素高剂量组为75％。高剂量的泰妙菌素和强力霉素效果要好于低剂量组,泰妙菌素效果略好于低剂量组。结果表明,泰妙菌素和强力霉素对自然发病的猪气喘病有明显控制作用。     

替米考星和泰乐菌素对猪支原体肺炎的疗效观察

用不同剂量的磷酸替米考星和磷酸泰乐菌素的粉剂和注射剂对患有支原体肺炎的病猪进行治疗试验。结果表明,2种药物对猪支原体肺炎的治愈率均显著和极显著高于感染对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01),且中高剂量的粉剂治疗效果优于注射剂;中高剂量的磷酸替米考星粉剂对猪支原体肺炎的治愈率达100%;高剂量的泰乐菌素粉剂和注射剂对猪支原体肺炎有较好的治疗效果。较高剂量的替米考星和泰乐菌素粉剂可作为治疗猪支原体肺炎的主要用药。     

盐酸克林霉素对猪肺炎霉形体病的疗效试验

进行了克林霉素对猪肺炎霉形体病的疗效试验,并与卡那霉素、泰乐菌素、土霉素、恩诺沙星进行了比较。结果:盐酸克林霉素组的死亡率、有效率、治愈率和相对增重率分别为0、100%、96.67%和82.5%;卡那霉素组分别为6.67%、73.33%、67.67%和79.1%;泰乐菌素组分别为10%、60%、50%和65.4%;土霉素组分别为16.67%、63.33%、53.33%和76.7%;恩诺沙星组分别为0、80%、80%、78.2%。经统计学分析,盐酸克林霉素组和恩诺沙星组的死亡率明显低于感染对照组(P<0.01),治愈率、有效率显著高于感染对照组(P<0.01)。表明盐酸克林霉素对猪肺炎霉形体病的治疗有很好的疗效,在猪肺炎霉形体病防治中有很好的应用前景。     

伊维菌素脂质体对猪疥螨病的疗效研究

目的研究伊维菌素脂质体对猪疥螨病的临床疗效。方法患猪疥螨病猪只随机分为4组．采用一次颈部皮下注射,连续观察28d。第1组：空白对照组,不给药;第2组：伊维菌素药物对照组,剂量为0.3mg／kg。BW;第3组：伊维菌素脂质高剂量组,剂量为0.3mg／kg。BW;第4组：伊维菌素脂质体低剂量组,剂量为0.075mg／kg。BW。结果给药后7d,第2、3组试验猪未查到活虫体,转阴率为100％,第4组试验猪只则有2头未转阴,虫体转阴率为87％;给药后14d,第3、4组试验虫体转阴率为100％;第2组试验猪有3头查到活幼螨,虫体转阴率为80％,于当天重复用药1次;给药后21、28d,第2、3、4组试验猪只检查未查到活虫体,虫体转阴率为100％。结论高、低剂量的伊维菌素脂质体对猪疥螨病治愈率显著高于伊维菌素,伊维菌素脂质体具有用药剂量小、药效时间长和药物残留低的特点。     

Neuromuscular and cardiovascular effects of atracurium in isoflurane-anesthetized chickens.

Atracurium besylate, a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent, was administered to 24 isoflurane-anesthetized domestic chickens. Birds were randomly assigned to 4 groups, and atracurium was administered at dosage of 0.15, 0.25, 0.35 or 0.45 mg/kg of body weight. The time of onset of twitch depression, the amount of maximal twitch depression, and the duration of muscular relaxation were recorded. After return to control twitch height, atracurium was further administered to achieve > 75% twitch depression. When twitch depression reached 75% during noninduced recovery, 0.5 mg of edrophonium/kg was administered to reverse the muscle relaxation. Throughout the experimental period, cardiovascular, arterial blood gas, and acid-base variables were monitored. The effective dosage of atracurium to result in 95% twitch depression in 50% of birds, (ED95/50) was calculated, using probit analysis, to be 0.25 mg/kg, whereas the ED95/95, the dosage of atracurium to result in 95% twitch depression in 95% of birds, was calculated by probit analysis to be 0.46 mg/kg. The total duration of action at dosage of 0.25 mg/kg was 34.5 +/- 5.8 minutes; at the highest dosage (0.45 mg/kg), total duration increased to 47.8 +/- 10.3 minutes. The return to control twitch height was greatly hastened by administration of edrophonium. Small, but statistically significant changes in heart rate and systolic blood pressure, were associated with administration of atracurium and edrophonium. These changes would not be clinically relevant. In this study, atracurium was found to be safe and reliable for induction of muscle relaxation in isoflurane-anesthetized chickens.     

免疫增强散对肉仔鸡增重、抗病力的影响及其急性毒性与蓄积毒性试验研究

试验用商品代艾维茵雏鸡1 200只,随机分组,用中草药制剂--免疫增强散按高、中、低三个剂量拌料,同时设氟哌酸药物对照和空白对照,每组设4个重复,每个重复60只,另选用昆明种小白鼠对免疫增强散进行急性毒性和蓄积毒性试验.结果表明,免疫增强散对雏鸡有明显的增重作用,能显著提高雏鸡成活率和饲料转化率,低剂量效果最明显,中剂量、高剂量次之,三个剂量组同空白对照组、药物对照组相比,均差异显著,育雏死亡率分别下降6.25%、5.83%、5.42%(空白组死亡率为7.5%),饲料转化率分别提高13.51%、10.53%、9.28%.免疫增强散LD50>56.0 g/kg,无蓄积毒性作用.     

复方恩诺沙星注射液对人工诱发猪气喘病的治疗效果研究

复方恩诺沙星注射液能有效控制猪气喘病感染,缓解症状,降低支原体感染猪的发病率和死亡率,并在一定程度上减少成活猪的体重下降,效果优于单方的恩诺沙星注射液和磺胺嘧啶钠注射液,在临床上有一定的实用价值。作者采用 0.04、0.08、0.12 mL/kg体重的2.5%复方恩诺沙星注射液分别对人工诱发猪气喘病进行肌肉注射治疗,结果表明,肌肉注射0.08 mL/kg体重复方恩诺沙星效果较好。     

三种不同药物对鸡人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫病的疗效比较

采用血痢球虫散、球痢清、地克珠利三种不同的抗球虫药物进行抗人工感染柔嫩艾美耳球虫的效力试验,结果表明:三种不同药物的高剂量组即300mg/kg饲料混饲,其抗球虫指数(ACI)均在185以上,差异不显著(P>0.05)。但中剂量组即250mg/kg饲料混饲,球痢清和地克珠利组的死亡率分别比血痢球虫散组高4.15%和3.55%,差异显著(P<0.05),卵囊值差异亦显著(P<0.05),但抗球虫指数(ACI)、病变值差异不显著(P>0.05)。血痢球虫散低剂量组与球痢清和地克珠利低剂量组相比,其相对增重率、抗球虫指数(ACI)和病变值差异不显著,(P>0.05),但卵囊值差异极显著(P<0.01)。     

有机硒对雄性昆明小鼠繁殖性能影响的研究

将试验小白鼠随机分为6组,对照组(0.15 mg/kg)、缺硒组(0.01 mg/kg)、低硒组(0.16 mg/kg)、中硒组(0.31 mg/kg)和高硒组(0.61 mg/kg),试验鼠自由采食。待成功建立缺硒及各剂量组动物模型后,测定试验鼠肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性和雄性小鼠繁殖性能的指标(精液品质—畸形率、顶体反应、渗透性)。试验结果显示,在第9周末成功建立缺硒动物模型;补硒各组的生殖脏器指数与对照组间无显著差异,但与缺硒组差异显著或极显著;缺硒组精子活力仅23.1%±2.3%,精子畸形率达57.9%±0.3%,顶体完整率仅47.0%±6.3%,低渗膨胀率为43.8%±2.1%,产仔率为0,均与其它各组差异极显著;补硒组精子活力和活率均有加强,且除低渗膨胀率外,其它繁殖指标均与对照组差异显著或极显著。缺硒导致雄性小鼠生长受阻及繁殖性能降低,含硒化合物,尤其是有机硒化合物有增强繁殖性能的作用,且安全剂量范围内的高剂量组的促进作用更为明显。     

Evaluation of the indirect hemagglutination assay as a practical serodiagnostic test for mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine

Sera from swine experimentally or naturally infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (the etiological agent of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine, MPS) were tested by the indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA), the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the complement fixation (CF) test. The IHA detected antibody at comparable times and levels to the other 2 serological tests following experimentally-induced infection. In the late antibody response (greater than or equal to 86 days post-infection), the ELISA titres were higher than either the IHA or the CF test. The IHA appeared least satisfactory when it was used to test sera from commercial swine herds. When 1000 sera were tested, the IHA was positive for only 30 (22%) of 135 sera which were positive by the ELISA and the CF test. The IHA titres were low; 20 of the 30 sera had a titre of only 10. The end-points for the IHA were difficult to read for sera of this low titre. The relationship between positive IHA results for the herd sera obtained at necropsy, and the occurrence of gross or microscopic lesions typical of MPS was poor (41 and 50% agreement, respectively). An agreement of 39% was noted between positive IHA results and the localization of mycoplasmal antigens by an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test. However, IHA results correlated significantly (P less than 0.05) with gross and microscopic lesions, but not with the IIF test. No significant correlation was noted between the IHA (or the other 2 serologic tests) and the cultural isolation of M. hyopneumoniae or M. flocculare. On the basis of these results, the IHA appears to have limited promise as a practical test for the diagnosis of MPS in commercial swine herds because of the low titres observed, poor correlation of the IHA and other indicators of MPS, the necessarily subjective determination of end-points, and other inherent technical limitations of the test.     

Mixtures of wheat and high-moisture corn in finishing diets: feedlot performance and in situ rate of starch digestion in steers

Wheat and high-moisture corn (HMC) were fed singly and in three combinations using dry-rolled wheat (DRW) (ratios of 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75, respectively, Trial 1), or singly and in two combinations using steam-rolled wheat (SRW) (ratios of 67:33 and 33:67, respectively, Trial 2) to finishing beef cattle fed a high-concentrate diet. In situ rate of starch digestion (Trial 3) was measured on grains used in Trial 1 (excluding the 25 HMC: 75 DRW mixture) and ground dry corn. In Trial 1 (132 d), gain/feed did not differ (P greater than .10); however, final weight, hot carcass weight, and ADG decreased linearly (P less than .05) and DMI exhibited a cubic response (P less than .05) as the percentage of wheat in the diet increased. Carcass characteristics were not different. In Trial 2 (113 d), there were no differences attributable to treatment for ADG, DMI, gain/feed, or carcass characteristics. Positive associative responses for gain efficiency (gain/feed) were greatest for the first increment of wheat addition (25% DRW and 33% SRW in Trials 1 and 2, respectively) and for the early portion of the feeding period (57 and 28 d for Trials 1 and 2, respectively), indicating a more rapid diet adaptation and(or) less propensity for subacute acidosis. In Trial 3, the treatment grains or mixtures did not differ in rate of starch digestion. Although the differences were not statistically significant, starch in the 100% wheat diet was digested twice as fast as the 100 or 75% HMC mixtures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

皮埃蒙特牛超数排卵及胚胎移植试验

用国产激素ＦＳＨ、氯前列烯醇对皮埃蒙特纯种肉牛进行二批次共４头超数排卵，回收胚胎２０枚，平均每头采卵５枚，平均每头采可用胚３．７５枚，超排有效率７５％，用南阳母牛作受体牛，共移植鲜胚１０枚，鲜胚移植受胎率５０％。     

重组溶葡萄球菌酶对奶牛乳房炎的疗效研究

以85头患乳房炎奶牛共104个乳区为研究对象,随机分为4组,每组26个,分别用重组溶葡萄球菌酶粉低（200U／乳区）、中（400U／乳区）、高（800U／乳区）三个剂量,对照组为青霉素G钠（160万IU／乳区）,每天早晚挤奶后乳池灌注给药,共4d,研究不同剂量重组溶葡萄球菌酶对奶牛乳房炎的治疗效果。试验结果显示,低、中、高剂量重组溶葡萄球菌酶均能有效清除感染乳区的链球菌、葡萄球菌、化脓隐秘杆菌等G^＋菌,大幅降低牛奶中的白细胞数,提高日产奶量。其中低剂量组对隐性乳房炎、临床型乳房炎的有效率和治愈率略优于青霉素G钠（P〉0．05）;中、高剂量对隐性乳房炎、临床型乳房炎的有效率和治愈率显著优于青霉素G钠（P〈0．05）;中、高剂量的疗效相当（P〉0．05）。重组溶葡萄球菌酶是一种很好的治疗奶牛隐性乳房炎和临床乳房炎备选药物。     

氮素对兰州百合产量、养分累积和品质的影响

在大田旱作条件下,通过田间小区试验,研究了施用磷肥(P₂O₅) 150 kg/hm²、钾肥(K₂O) 225 kg/hm²的基础上,不同施氮水平(0,75,150,225 kg/hm²;N0,N75,N150,N225)对兰州百合产量、养分吸收及品质的影响。结果表明,一年、二年、三年生兰州百合产量年增长幅度分别为 (51.69±25.76)%、(110.71±40.85)%、(88.29±21.45)%,增幅最大为第2年,其次是第3年。兰州百合总糖、粗淀粉和水溶性糖总体均随着施氮量的增加而下降,粗纤维和粗蛋白含量随着施氮量的增加呈先升后降再升高的变化趋势,其中施氮条件下百合粗蛋白含量均高于N0,而水溶性糖含量均低于N0。当施氮量为75 kg/hm²时,总糖和粗淀粉含量比N0显著提高(增幅3.3%和5.1%,P＜0.05)。当施氮量为 225 kg/hm²时,水溶性糖含量较N0下降显著(降幅6.2%,P＜0.05)。当施氮量为 75 kg/hm²时,粗蛋白含量比N0极显著提高(增幅20.3%,P＜0.01),而当施氮量为 225 kg/hm²时,比N0提高显著(增幅37.9%,P＜0.05)。氮肥施用量是影响兰州百合产量和品质的主要因素之一。