猪传染性胃肠炎临床鉴别诊断及防治

猪传染性胃肠炎是一种由猪传染性胃肠炎病毒引起的急性高度接触性肠道传染病。临床上以腹泻、呕吐和脱水为特征。但以腹泻为主症的还有猪流行性腹泻、猪痢疾、仔猪黄痢、仔猪白痢、仔猪红痢(梭菌性肠炎)、流行性腹泻、轮状病毒感染、仔猪副伤寒等八种疫病,为了更有效地防治该类疫病,做到早诊断、早治疗。本文主要阐述了猪传染性胃肠炎与猪其他七种腹泻疫病的临床鉴别及猪传染性胃肠炎的防治要点。     

规模化猪场仔猪腹泻流行新特点及防控措施

一、仔猪腹泻流行新特点(一)引起仔猪腹泻的疫病种类多1.细菌性疫病。主要包括仔猪黄痢、仔猪白痢、仔猪红痢、猪副伤寒、猪痢疾。2.病毒性疫病。主要包括猪流行性腹泻、传染性胃肠炎、轮状病毒感染、猪瘟、伪狂犬病、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪圆环病毒病。3.寄生虫性疫病。主要是猪球虫病。(二)病原常呈混合感染,临床疫情复杂,影响诊断或引起诊断误差例如:传染性胃肠炎+猪流行性腹泻;传染性胃肠炎+猪流行性     

仔猪腹泻疫病临床诊断要点

在兽医临床上,仔猪表现有腹泻症状的疫病主要有猪传染性胃肠炎、猪流行性腹泻、猪轮状病毒病、仔猪白痢、仔猪黄痢、仔猪红痢、仔猪刚伤寒、猪痢疾。这几种疫病在鉴别上容易混淆,笔者根据多年工作的经验,浅述其诊断要点。1观察粪便作出初步诊断仔猪副伤寒：含有坏死组织纤维状物的稀粪。猪痢疾：血性粘液下钢。猪轮状病毒病：黄白暗黑色水样或糊状稀粪。仔猪白痢：白色糊状稀粪。仔猪黄痢：黄色糊状稀粪。仔猪红痢：红色粘性稀粪。猪传染性胃肠炎：灰色或黄色水样稀粪,传播快。猪流行性腹泻：同传染性胃肠炎,但传播慢。2临床诊断要点：…     

试析猪传染性胃肠炎的临床诊断及综合防治措施

猪传染性胃肠炎是由猪传染性胃肠炎病毒引起的急性高度接触性肠道传染病,临床上以腹泻、呕吐和脱水为特征,各种年龄的猪都可发病,对哺乳仔猪的危害最严重.本文从流行特点、临床诊断、病理变化方面剖析本病,为早发现早确诊早治疗提供一些经验和防治措施.     

猪传染性胃肠炎的诊治

猪传染性胃肠炎是一种由猪传染性胃肠炎病毒引起的急性、高度接触性肠道传染病.临床上以腹泻、呕吐和脱水为特征.为了有效地防治该类疫病,做到早诊断、早治疗,主要从其病原、流行病学、诊断和防治等方面进行了阐述,以期为正确防治该病提供参考.     

仔猪以腹泻为主要症状的五种疫病的防控措施

<正>临床上常见的仔猪以腹泻为主要症状的疫病有:仔猪副伤寒、猪痢疾、仔猪白痢、仔猪红痢、猪传染性胃肠炎等。笔者就以上5种常见的仔猪腹泻症状的疫病的防控措施进行阐述,供同行们参考。1仔猪副伤寒仔猪副伤寒是由猪霍乱和猪伤寒沙门菌引起的仔猪传染病,多发生于2￣4月龄的仔猪。急性病例为     

猪传染性胃肠炎的诊断及防治措施

猪传染性胃肠炎是由猪传染性胃肠炎病毒引起猪的一种急性、高度接触性肠道传染病,以腹泻、呕吐、脱水、逐渐消瘦为主要临床特征.该病对仔猪危害最大,存活的仔猪生长发育缓慢,饲料转化率显著降低,生产性能明显降低,一旦发生给养殖户带来严重经济损失.笔者就猪传染性胃肠炎的流行病学、临床症状、实验室诊断和防控措施进行了论述,以期为猪传染性胃肠炎防控提供参考.     

冬季养猪谨防猪流行性腹泻

正随着冬天的来临,气温下降。河北辛集市多个养猪场发生以水样腹泻,呕吐、脱水和新生仔猪高病死率为症状的传染病。笔者根据临床症状分析为猪传染性胃肠炎和流行性腹泻混合感染所致。猪传染性胃肠炎和流行性腹泻是猪的一种高度接触性、消化道传染病。以呕吐、水样腹泻、和脱水为特征。猪传染性胃肠炎和流行性腹泻在临床方面无显著差别,只是猪传染性胃肠炎比猪流行性腹泻病死率     

我国猪病毒性腹泻病的流行与防控

正猪腹泻是养猪场的常见疾病,而猪腹泻性疫病中以猪病毒性腹泻的危害最为严重,当前,引起猪病毒性腹泻的致病原包括猪流行性腹泻病毒、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒、猪轮状病毒和猪博卡病毒。几种疫病均对仔猪危害较大,病死率很高,仔猪感染后会严重影响生产性能,造成饲料利用率降低,减少养猪经济效益。本文主要综述几种猪     

春季猪传染性胃肠炎的防治

猪传染性胃肠炎是由猪传染性胃肠炎病毒引起的一种急性、高度接触性的肠道传染病,临床主要以呕吐、腹泻、脱水及仔猪死亡率高等为特征.以春秋两季发病最多,特别是春季,是猪传染性胃肠炎的高发季节,如不采取有效措施,将给养猪户造成严重的经济损失.     

猪增生性肠炎研究进展及防控措施

胞内劳森菌为严格细胞内寄生的无芽孢细菌,革兰氏染色阴性,抗酸染色阳性。主要感染3~20周龄猪而引起"猪增生性肠炎",临床表现慢性间歇性下痢或急性出血性下痢,排焦油样黑色粪便或血便。病理变化为小肠后段和结肠前段肠黏膜层增厚隆起,形成特征性分枝状皱折,肠腺上皮剧烈增生,形成畸形排列的分枝状肠腺。本病可进行流行病学、临床特征、病原学、病理学、血清学、分子生物学诊断,并需要与猪痢疾、猪梭菌性肠炎、仔猪副伤寒等病进行临床鉴别。本病的防控,应从猪群管理、引种、消毒、药物预防等方面考虑,接种疫苗是行之有效的措施。     

Production of porcine aminopeptidase N (pAPN) site‐specific edited pigs

Porcine viral diarrhea is an acute and highly contagious enteric disease in pigs which causes huge economic losses in pig industry worldwide. Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is main pathogens responsible for piglets viral diarrhea. Knockout the host cellular surface receptor for TGEV may be an effective way to accelerate the breeding of resistant pigs. In this study, we applied site‐specific editing pAPN which is effective in swine testis (ST) cells. Site‐specific editing of pAPN reduced TGEV proliferation in ST cells by 96%–99% at different time periods post‐infection. Next, the site‐specific editing of pAPN porcine fetal fibroblasts were produced, and then the cell colonies were used as donor cells to generate the site‐specific editing of pAPN pigs. Our research findings will not only offer a more thorough understanding of the pathogenesis of piglet diarrhea and lay the foundation for breeding TGEV‐resistant piglets, but also understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in coronaviral infections.     

A descriptive study of the frequency and characteristics of proliferative enteropathy in swine in Ontario by analyzing routine animal health surveillance data

Routine surveillance data, collected on pathology submissions at the Animal Health Laboratory in Guelph between 1992 and 1997, were analyzed to determine demographic, clinical, and pathologic characteristics of cases of proliferative enteropathy and the frequency of this condition relative to other infectious enteric diseases in swine in Ontario. The most commonly reported disease was Escherichia coli enteritis (average cases/year = 70.0). Among infectious enteropathies that occur typically in neonatal pigs, coccidiosis (28.4 cases/year) and rotaviral enteritis (5.6 cases/year) were reported. Among infectious enteropathies generally associated with diarrhea in weaner and grower/finisher pigs, the most frequently reported was proliferative enteropathy (27.6 cases/year), followed by swine dysentery (23.3 cases/year), transmissible gastroenteritis (19.6 cases/year), and salmonellosis (8.4 cases/year). Diarrhea and bloody diarrhea were reported in 29% and 31%, respectively, of herds diagnosed with proliferative enteropathy. Important gross intestinal lesions included mucosal hypertrophy (62% of cases), hemorrhage (47%), and mucosal necrosis (34%). Histologic intestinal lesions included epithelial hyperplasia (90% of cases), mucosal necrosis (59%), and inflammation (49%). Our results suggest that proliferative enteropathy is a major infectious enteric disease in grower/finisher pigs in Ontario.     

Prevention of swine dysentery with a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin and resistance of swine dysentery to tylosin and sodium arsanilate.

The addition of a combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin to feed at the total concentrations of 44 and 77 mg/kg, beginning at the time of exposure and continuing for 8 weeks, prevented experimentally induced swine dysentery in swine. The disease did not develop after the medication was withdrawn. In contrast, swine dysentery, similar to that seen in the nonmedicated swine, did develop in simultaneously exposed swine treated with feed containing either 44 mg of tylosin or 99 mg sodium arsanilate/kg. The swine fed sodium arsanilate and which developed hemorrhagic diarrhea had a more severe form of this type of diarrhea than did the nonmedicated swine. After reexposure to inefective inoculum of swine dysentery 86 days after initial exposure, all remaining swine previously medicated with either tylosin or sodium arsanilate and all nonmedicated swine were immune; whereas 17 of the 24 swine fed the combination of lincomycin and spectinomycin were susceptible to swine dysentery and developed diarrhea.     

3-Acetyl-4'-isovaleryl tylosin for prevention of swine dysentery

The 21 field isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae which were tested were sensitive to 3-acetyl-4'-isovaleryl tylosin (AIV); the minimal inhibitory concentration was 0.25 to 16 micrograms/ml. 3-Acetyl-4'-isovaleryl tylosin administered prophylactically to pigs at concentrations of 5 to 100 mg/kg of feed and tylosin at 110 mg/kg of feed for 28 or 31 days prevented swine dysentery induced by tylosin-sensitive T hyodysenteriae strain SQ2; 15 nonmedicated, inoculated control pigs had bloody diarrhea, and 9 pigs died. In 2 additional trials, AIV administered prophylactically for 28 days at 55 or 110 mg/kg of feed prevented swine dysentery induced by tylosin-insensitive T hyodysenteriae strain B204. All of the inoculated principal pigs medicated with AIV at 55 or 110 mg/kg of feed or carbadox at 55 mg/kg of feed and the noninoculated sentinel pigs for each group had solid feces throughout the 56-day trial. In the nonmedicated, inoculated control groups, bloody diarrhea began at 4 to 5 days after inoculation was done, and 9 of 10 principal pigs and 6 of 9 sentinel pigs had dysentery; 2 pigs died. In the groups medicated with AIV at 27.5 or 5.5 mg/kg of feed, all 5 principal pigs and 3 or 4 sentinel pigs in each group had dysentery; 3 or 4 pigs in each group died. In the group medicated with tylosin at 110 mg/kg of feed, 7 of 10 principal pigs and all 9 sentinel pigs had dysentery; 1 pig died.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

猪腹泻相关肠道病毒分离研究进展

猪腹泻是全球养猪生产中最常见的疾病之一,病毒性腹泻具有传播快、致死率高和防控难的特点。常见的引起仔猪腹泻的病毒包括猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)和猪轮状病毒(PoRV),近几年新发现的猪δ冠状病毒(PDCoV)、猪嵴病毒(PKV)和猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒(SADS-CoV)也与仔猪腹泻相关。病毒分离是病毒感染诊断的金标准,也是进行病毒研究的前提。对上述6种常见猪肠道病毒的分离进展进行综述,可为掌握这些病毒的分离情况、疾病发展动向监测、疫苗研发以及猪腹泻病的防控提供参考。     

Feeding sodium arsanilate for exciting diarrhea and identifying carriers of swine dysentery.

Sodium arsanilate was fed to nondiarrhetic swine, previously exposed to and treated for swine dysentery, for the purpose of inducing them into developing a swine dysentery diarrhea. From 40 to 100% of these swine in each pen had previously had a swine dysentery diarrhea. The isolate of Treponema hyodysenteriae in the diced colon which was used to expose the swine was resistant to sodium arsanilate. After an interim of no treatment for swine dysentery, sodium arsanilate was fed at a level of 220 parts per million for 21 days. Of the 14 pens containing swine fed sodium arsanilate, ten pens had one or more swine that developed a swine dysentery diarrhea while being fed sodium arsanilate. This was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater than the three pens that each had one pig that developed a swine dysentery diarrhea of 13 pens containing similar swine not fed sodium arsanilate during a comparable period. In the 14 pens containing swine fed sodium arsanilate, 14 swine were the first to develop a swine dysentery diarrhea since in four pens, two swine in each pen developed diarrhea within 24 hours of each other. This also was significantly (P less than 0.01) greater than the three swine in the ten pens not fed sodium arsanilate. From these results, it was theorized that sodium arsanilate excited the nondiarrhetic carrier into developing a swine dysentery diarrhea and that this phenomenon may have potential in identifying the carrier state.     

猪SLA-DRA基因外显子2多态性及其与仔猪腹泻的关联分析

为探索SLA-DRA基因作为猪抗病育种分子标记的可能性,本研究采用PCR-SSCP和克隆测序方法对大白、长白和杜洛克共216头猪的SLA-DRA基因外显子2进行了多态性研究,分析了该基因与仔猪腹泻的关联性。结果,在SLA-DRA外显子2上检出了3个等位基因和6种基因型;6种基因型(AA、AB、BB、AC、BC和CC)在大白猪和长白猪中都存在,而在杜洛克猪中只检出4种基因型(AA、BB、AB和BC)。杜洛克猪与大白猪和长白猪间基因型分布均差异极显著(P<0.01);3个品种的基因型分布均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P>0.05)。最小二乘法分析表明,品种和性别对仔猪腹泻影响不显著(P>0.05),基因型与仔猪腹泻显著相关(P<0.05);AA和BB基因型个体腹泻评分的最小二乘均值均显著高于AC和CC基因型个体(P<0.05)。本研究表明,SLA-DRA基因不同基因型对仔猪腹泻有着重要的影响,可作为猪抗病育种应用中的一个潜在遗传标记。     

A study of swine dysentery by immunofluorescence and histology.

Twenty-six specific-pathogen-free pigs were fed pure cultures of Treponema hyodysenteriae. Five untreated pigs were controls. Distribution of this large spirochete in pigs with swine dysentery was shown by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique. Findings by this method were compared with those from dark-field examination of colonic mucosal scrapings and from tissue sections. The cultures caused mucohemorrhagic colitis which by 10 days after inoculation was indistinguishable from the colitis of swine dysentery. Control pigs remained normal. Pigs killed when spirochetes were first seen in the feces had normal colonic mucosa with only a few spirochetes. At the first sign of diarrhea, however, the colonic mucosa was thicker than normal and had many spirochetes. T. hyodysenteriae was confined to regions of hypertrophy and exudation of the large intestine mucosa throughout the course of disease.     

Pathophysiologic features of swine dysentery: cyclic nucleotide-independent production of diarrhea

Net electrolyte and water transport and unidirectional Na+ fluxes were examined in ligated colonic loops of clinically normal pigs and in pigs with swine dysentery (etiologic agent Treponema hyodysenteriae) in the presence or absence of theophylline. In normal pigs, theophylline abolished net Na+ absorption via a reduction in the lumen-to-blood flux, decreased Cl- absorption, and increased HCO3- accumulation in the lumen. In infected pigs, all net ion transport was abolished, with the addition of theophylline producing little effect. The absence of net Na+ absorption in infected pigs was also the result of a decreased lumen-to-blood flux. Seemingly, colonic malabsorption may be the primary transport alteration in swine dysentery. Concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were measured in samples of colonic mucosa from normal and infected pigs after in vitro exposure to a Ringer's solution containing 0 or 20 mM theophylline. Basal values of cAMP or cGMP did not increase in infected colonic mucosa. There was a diminished capacity of the infected mucosa to respond to theophylline. Alterations in ion transport in conjunction with measurements of cAMP and cGMP indicated that the pathogenic mechanism(s) in swine dysentery were not similar to those of Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, or Escherichia coli diarrhea.