论武胜蚕桑发展的对策及技术路线

近十年来,我县各级党政坚待了“巩固提高,积极发展”的指导方针,蚕桑事业得到了迅猛发展,在蚕桑基地建设工作中,已取得了一定的成绩.但由于受传统思想及管理方法的束缚,加之近几年“蚕茧大战”的影响,使我县蚕桑生产没有真正转移到“质量效益型”的轨道上来,“重数量,轻质量,重速度,轻效益”的思想依然存在。加上我县养蚕户多、面     

建现代示范园区,促进蚕业效益提高

近年来 ,淳安县茧丝绸总公司根据县委县政府“调整农业产业结构 ,大力发展效益农业”的总体要求 ,以市场为导向 ,以科技为依托 ,在深入调查研究的基础上提出了“稳定提高 ,调整发展”的思路和种品种桑、产品牌茧、建出口基地”的目标。而通过改善桑园基础设施 ,建立蚕桑示范园区 ,正是促进我县蚕桑生产朝“区域化、规模化、效益化”方向发展的有力举措。1　园区建设初见成效郭村蚕桑示范园区自 1 999年 1 2月立项以来 ,通过多方的共同努力 ,已初见成效。整个园区拥有桑园 1 0 6亩 ,其中成林桑 79亩 ,2 0 0 0年全年饲养蚕种 2 53张 ,产茧 96 …     

新蚕品种“芳·绣×白·春”饲养初报

正近年来,我县农村青壮年劳动力大量外出务工,有桑不养蚕、有桑少养蚕,弃桑不管的现象越来越普遍。为稳定荣县蚕桑产业发展的基础,我县以提高经济效益为中心,以项目建设为抓手,加强了蚕桑基地建设,扶持培育栽桑养蚕大户,强化了蚕桑生产设施设备更新改造,使我县蚕桑生产格局发生了新的变化,正在向区域化、集约化、规模化、标     

加强蚕桑技术服务体系建设,提高蚕茧产质量

<正> 蚕桑生产分户经营后,科学技术的普及是一大急需解决的问题。据调查,熟悉蚕桑生产技术的养蚕户仅占总蚕桑户的25％,为了使蚕桑生产的关键技术普及到千家万户,必须进一步加强区、乡、村、社四级的技术服务体系建设,才能实现蚕桑单产、质量、效益“三提高”,因此,我县从1989年起狠抓了蚕桑技术服务体系建设,在生产上发挥了显著效果。现将我们的具体作法简介于下,供同行探索。     

提高蚕桑经济效益的几个途径

<正> 树立“效益是生命”的观点,对我县蚕桑生产具有重要意义。特别是实行联产承包责任制后,乡村工业的异军崛起和其它多种经营项目的不断开发,各业经济竞争日益激烈,因此只有提高蚕桑生产的经验效益,才能使它在日益加剧的竞争中,站稳脚跟,立于不败之地,根据我县情况,能否提高蚕桑经验效益,主要依赖于以下三个方面:     

以园区建设引领珙县蚕业创新发展

珙县是乌蒙山连片扶贫开发县、省级贫困摘帽县、"6·17"地震重灾区。近年来,我县以推动蚕桑产业高质量发展为主线,以提高产业综合效益为核心,以现代农业产业园区建设为抓手,把蚕桑基地建设融入国家生态绿色发展和乡村振兴发展战略中,全力推进蚕桑产业转型升级和农民增收,取得了显著成效。     

建设“三高”蚕业的三大突破口

<正> 规模经营、良桑嫁接、小蚕共育是实现我县“三高”蚕业的三大突破口。多年来,“三低”即单产低、质量低、效益低的问题。一直制约着我县蚕桑生产的发展。究其原因,就是在规模经营、良桑嫁接、小蚕共育等方面没有取得突破。1994年八月,县委、政府把蚕桑生产列为全县三大致富工程之一来抓,并成立了蚕桑生产指挥部,采取行政强推及大投     

对淮阴县蚕桑生产实行基地化经营的探讨

在淮阴县实行蚕桑生产基地化经营,可以充分地利用先进的蚕桑生产综合配套技术,有效地改变目前我县蚕桑生产因一家一户分散经营而造成的生产规模小、集约化程度低、浪费大、成本高、效益差的粗放式经营,提高我县蚕桑生产经营水平,促进我县蚕桑生产产业化发展。１我县实行蚕桑生产基地化经营的可行性我县是工业小县、农业大县,种桑养蚕有着较为悠久的历史,曾为推动我县的经济发展作出较大贡献。１９９５年蚕桑生产达到我县历史上最高峰：桑园面积１３．５万亩,年养蚕发种３１万张,年创产值１．５亿元之多。但是在上几年低潮冲击下,也…     

结合康县实践 浅谈蚕桑产业化

“农业生产经营的根本出路在于产业化“，蚕桑生产作为农业的一项产业，发展经营的模式也不例外。尤其象我县这样一个被国家列为贫困县的农业县，受其自然条件、文化素质、交通、科技信息等因素的限制，蚕桑生产走产业化开发之路显得尤为重要，这也是我县十年来蚕桑生产发展形成农、工、贸一体，产、加、销配套发展的成功之路。 1 蚕桑的根本出路在于产业化 蚕桑产业化就是以国内外市场为导向，以效益为中心，因地制宜确定蚕桑支柱产业和茧丝主导产品，实行区域化布局、专业化生产、一体化经营、社会化服务、企业化管理。形成以市场牵龙头、龙头带基地、基地联农户、组建农、工、贸、产、销一条龙的经营体制，其实质是按照社会主义市场经济体制要求，全面地、系统地、有组织的将蚕桑生产作为脱贫致富项目列入千家万户群众发展商品生产，进而通过一体化经营转变为经济效益和社会效益。 我县蚕桑生产的发展过程曾经历“三起三落“。1987年至今就是由于走产业化路子，才能有了今天的可喜成效。     

对溧阳县近期蚕桑生产规模度的探讨

<正> 蚕桑是我县的传统副业项目,也是我县出口创汇的大宗产品,1987年茧丝绸外贸收购额2624万元,占全县外贸收购总额的32.5%。本文试图通过对我县1987年不同层次的蚕桑经济效益评价,为进一步优化蚕桑规划、布局和经营规模提供必要的依据。一、蚕桑承包户经营规模效益分析目前,我县蚕桑生产基本上属于“兼业型”,其原因一是联产承包初期,大部分生     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1991

In late November 1991, 1883 clinics in Canada were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in 1991 and there was a 60.0% response. There were 344,031 dogs tested for heart-worm (HW), 627 were found infected and the prevalence of HW infection was 0.18%. There were 417 dogs with HW in Ontario, 116 in Manitoba, 38 in Quebec, 53 in British Columbia, three in Alberta, and one in Nova Scotia. In British Columbia, all of the infected dogs but one were from the Okanagan valley which, as from 1991, is a new focus of infection in Canada. Most dogs with HW had not been on preventive medication in 1990, and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 0.59%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Companion dogs, over three years of age and maintained primarily outdoors in rural areas, were most frequently infected. One cat was diagnosed with D. immitis and 33 dogs had Dipetalonema reconditium.