滴定法测定亚硒酸钠维生素E预混剂中亚硒酸钠的含量

采用硫代硫酸钠滴定液(0.01mol/L)滴定,测定该预混剂中亚硒酸钠含量。结果表明,在8.0～12.7mg范围内,滴定亚硒酸钠的取用量与消耗的硫代硫酸钠滴定液体积呈良好的线性关系,其线性回归方程:Vi=2.3918×Mi-0.2878,r(相关系数)=0.9998,方法的平均回收率为99.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.8%。本法操作简便,结果准确,适合于亚硒酸钠维生素E预混剂中亚硒酸钠含量测定的质量控制。     

气相色谱法测定兽药饲料添加剂中的维生素E含量

采用气相色谱法测定亚硒酸钠维生素E注射液及预混剂中维生素E含量。将注射液用1.0mL盐酸溶液(1→4)及8～10mL无水乙醇进行破乳,预混剂用正己烷加热回流提取法处理后,以正三十二烷为内标,色谱柱:硅酮(OV-17)为固定相,硅藻土为担体,涂布浓度为2%的不锈钢柱(3mm×2m),氮气流速60mL/min,氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)进行分析。方法的线性范围为0.30mg/mL～6.00mg/mL(r=0.9994),注射液和预混剂方法回收率分别为99.16%～100.14%,99.73%～100.48%,日内和日间相对标准偏差,注射液分别为1.61%～2.10%,1.05%～1.94%;预混剂分别为0.91%～1.03%,0.88%～1.14%。方法准确,可靠,分析结果令人满意。     

对亚硒酸钠维生素E注射液中亚硒酸钠含量测定方法的修订

对2005年版《中国兽药典》一部亚硒酸钠维生素E注射液中亚硒酸钠含量测定法进行修订。采用容量法替代原子吸收光谱法,以硫代硫酸钠滴定液（0.01 mol/L）滴定,测定该注射液中亚硒酸钠含量。经实验验证,方法的精密度与准确度均较好,可用于亚硒酸钠维生素E注射液中亚硒酸钠含量测定的质量控制。     

补硒和维生素E可提高奶牛受胎率

奶牛受胎率直接影响到奶牛的饲养经济效益,为了进一步研究硒和维生素E对奶牛受胎率的影响,我们在龙镇农场(缺硒地区)选择了100头奶牛进行试验,现将试验结果报告如下:将试验牛平均分为2组,试验组和对照组各50头,于2004年2月至2004年10月对两组牛分别按常规进行直肠把握输精。试验组在输精前1周肌注0.1%亚硒酸钠注射液40毫升,输精完毕后1小时内再肌注0.1%亚硒酸钠注射液40毫升和维生素E注射液250毫克,对照组不做任何处理。2￣3个月后进行妊娠检查。奶牛配种输精前后注射亚硒酸钠和维生素E能明显提高受胎率。试验组确定妊娠48头,比对照组妊娠…     

间接火焰原子吸收光谱法测定亚硒酸钠维生素E注射液中亚硒酸钠含量

通过采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定硒元素的浓度进而计算亚硒酸钠含量,建立了亚硒酸钠维生素E注射液中亚硒酸钠含量的测定方法。实验表明,在5.00～40.00μg/mL范围内硒浓度与吸光度线性关系良好,r=0.999 57,模拟样品的平均回收率为97.8%,RSD为4.6%（n=6）。本法操作简便易行,精密度高,准确性好,可用于控制亚硒酸钠维生素E注射液中亚硒酸钠的含量。     

亚硒酸钠维生素E、维生素E对奶牛繁殖效应的影响

<正> 产后胎衣不下是长期困扰奶牛繁殖的一大障碍,造成胎衣滞留的因素很复杂,国内外对此做了大量的研究。一些学者认为硒和维生素E的缺乏会影响子宫肌的生理功能,这种生理功能的异常致使胎衣停滞或因损害精子在子宫内的转送而引起受精率的降低。Vallet,Jimenez分别报道了产前注射α-生育酚醋酸盐(维生素E)和亚硒酸钠有防治乳牛胎衣不下,乳房炎的作用。黄克和等通过对乳牛血液的抽样调查表明,我场母牛血液中硒含量处于正常值水平(0.093±0.023ppm),然而胎衣不下各年均有发生。本试验目的在于了解奶牛在硒处于平衡状态下硒和维生素E对繁殖应答的效应。为此进行产前注射亚硒酸钠维生素E和维生素E的试验,现将结果报告如下:     

二阶导数分光光度法测定亚硒酸钠—维生素E注射液中维生素E的含量

为消除亚硒酸钠－维生素Ｅ注射液中其它组分的干扰，采用二阶导数分光光度法于２８７ｎｍ和２９３ｎｍ处测定维生素Ｅ的含量平均回收率９９．８１％，ＲＳＤ＝０．２２％，ｎ＝５，该法操作迅速、简单、准确。     

亚硒酸钠维生素E在奶牛繁殖方面应用的试验观察

为了探讨奶牛在使用亚硒酸钠维生素E后对繁殖方面各项指标的影响,采用随机分组的方法将30头各自情况相近的奶牛分成2组,对照组不作处理,试验组每头奶牛在预产期前40天和30天分别肌肉注射20mL亚硒酸钠维生素E注射液.结果表明,与对照组比较,试验组产后瘫痪减少2头次;胎衣不下少了4头次;犊牛平均初生重增加了1.7千克; 30日龄内犊牛的发病率下降20%.子宫恢复时间平均缩短3.93天(P＜0.01).奶牛产犊与发情适配间隔平均缩短3.40天(P＜0.01).结论:在奶牛产前一定时期内注射亚硒酸钠维生素E,对奶牛的自身繁殖和犊牛生长发育有较好的作用.     

亚硒酸钠维生素E对预防犊牛腹泻的效果分析

亚硒酸钠维生素E对预防仔猪大肠杆菌病早有报道,并且已被实践很好的验证。而其对犊牛是否有同样的作用,国内外的专家却很少提及。因此我们在沈阳乳业浑河奶牛场做了本试验,目的就是为了研究亚硒酸钠维生素E对预防犊牛腹泻(特别是犊牛大肠杆茵病)是否有效。试验犊牛60头,随机分为两组:对照组和试验组。试验组7日龄肌肉注射亚硒酸钠维生素E8ml(含亚硒酸钠8mg,维生素E400mg)。试验结果表明:试验组比对照组犊牛腹泻发病率下降了20%。盖异显著(P<0.01);犊牛日增重增加了53g,差异显著(P<0.01)。     

亚硒酸钠维生素E对奶牛繁殖的影响

<正> 国内外有颇多的报道认为,硒和维生素E对奶牛繁殖有着良好的应答效应;即使奶牛血液中的硒含量处于正常值范围内,补硒和维生素E仍有必要。本试验旨在生产条件下,对7000公斤以上的高产牛群进行较大规模的产前注药应用试验,结果与前人有所不同。兹报道如下。     

Vitamin E

Vitamin E activity was first identified as a dietary factor essential for reproduction in the rat. It is now known that this vitamin has a far wider range of functions in the body than its role in fertility. It interacts with selenium-containing glutathione peroxidase to prevent the oxidative breakdown of tissue membranes associated with the hydroperoxides of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Relationships with other factors such as stress and vitamin C, have been proposed. The symptoms of deficiency of vitamin E vary according to species. With so many variables it is difficult to estimate the optimum allowances of the vitamin for the many types of livestock diets. These problems are discussed and the calculation of allowances of vitamin E in rations for both monogastric and ruminant animals is explained.     

Serum Vitamin E Concentration of Horses on Different Vitamin E Supplementation Levels

Abstract

The influence of vitamin E supplementation on blood serum vitamin E concentration as well as the seasonal variation of serum vitamin concentration was investigated. Forty horses were divided into a control and three vitamin E supplementation (experimental) groups. The levels of the vitamin E supplementation in the three experimental groups were 1, 3 or 5 mg/kg body weight (bwt) per day. The vitamin was dosed orally. The supplementation was started either at the beginning or in the middle of the indoor (winter) feeding period. There was seasonal variation in the serum vitamin E content; the serum vitamin concentration increased during the grazing and decreased during the indoor feeding period. The basal feeding and a daily supplement of 1 mg/kg bwt were not adequate to maintain or increase the serum vitamin E concentration during the indoor feeding period in an exercising horse. The minimum daily intake of vitamin E would seem to be greater than 1.5 mg/kg bwt. It is suggested that a daily supplement of 3 to 5 mg/kg bwt may be required by horses in training to increase the serum vitamin E levels. This amounts to 1500–2500 mg/day for a horse weighing 500 kg. Supplementation should be started at the beginning of the indoor feeding period.     

维生素E与肉品质量(下)

２改善肉品氧化稳定性和颜色的途径２．１体内抗氧化途径动物体内有两类抗氧化剂：①清除抗氧化剂（Ｐｒｅｖｅｎｔｉｖｅａｎｔｉｏｘ－ｉｄａｎｔｓ）：包括超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶。这些酶主要清除细胞水相中已存在的过氧化物。②断链抗氧化剂...     

维生素 E 与产科疾病

维生素是Ｅｖａｎｓ在 19世纪 2 0年代发现和命名的。它是具有α -生育酚生物活性的所有生育酚和生物三烯酚的总称。目前已经从植物性原料中分离到至少 8种具有维生素Ｅ活性的化合物 ,其中以α -生育酚的生物活性最高[1] 。而维生素Ｅ的活性只是一个生物学概念 ,不能用化学法测     

维生素A、维生素D和维生素E在动物体内的相互作用

本文主要综述了维生素A、维生素D和维生素E在动物体内的相互作用及其可能的机制,为科学确定这些维生素在动物日粮中的适宜添加量,提高动物的生产性能提供依据。     

维生素E与家兔生产

VE是维持动物正常生理机能所必不可少的低分子有机化合物,它在家兔体内发挥着重要的生物学功能。过去的研究表明,VE在提高家兔的繁殖力、预防不孕症、提高机体免疫力和抗应激能力,以及促进生长方面均发挥着重要的作用。近年来,随着营养学和免疫学的发展,VE对家畜的生物学作用再次受到研究者的关注,但目前对VE     

奶牛维生素E的需要量

维生素Ｅ是一种不可缺少的动物营养物质 ,在畜牧生产特别是奶牛生产中 ,它作为一种营养物添加剂或营养性药物 ,广泛用于奶业生产、奶牛繁殖和疾病防治中 ,成为提高奶牛生产力如产奶量的有效措施。奶牛维生素Ｅ的ＮＲＣ需要量为 1 5ＩＵ/ｋｇ干物质采食量 ,即大致相当于干奶牛 1 50ＩＵ/ｄ和产奶牛30 0ＩＵ/ｄ的摄入量。这个需要量是总量而不是补充量。1　饲料中维生素Ｅ的含量饲料中维生素Ｅ含量的变化很大 ,新鲜与贮存饲草维生素Ｅ含量的变异系数大于 50 %。新鲜青绿饲草的维生素Ｅ含量较高 ,为 80～ 2 0 0ＩＵ/ｋｇ ,而干草和青贮饲草维生…     

Vitamin E requirement of growing swine

The vitamin E requirement of growing pigs was estimated on the basis of prevention of morphological signs of deficiency. Five groups of pigs were fed a barley-based diet low in vitamin E that contained 16 mg of DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate equivalents/kg and .1 ppm of Se for 4 wk (depletion I). This period was followed by 7 wk of supplementation, during which the groups received 0, 15, 45, 135 and 405 mg of supplemental DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg diet. Finally, all the animals were fed the low vitamin E diet for 7 wk (depletion II). To follow the vitamin E concentration in serum and tissues, blood samples were collected and biopsies were taken from skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and the liver throughout the experiment. The peak vitamin E value was observed in the liver, followed by the adipose tissue and then skeletal muscle. The liver responded rapidly to changes in dietary vitamin E intake, whereas the adipose tissue and the skeletal muscle reacted at a slower rate. In spite of the abundant occurrence of the different vitamin E isomers in the feed, alpha-tocopherol was the main isomer detected both in the serum and in the tissues. The activity of glutathione peroxidase in serum increased with age but was independent of the serum vitamin E concentration. In the unsupplemented group all animals suffered from the vitamin E and Se deficiency syndrome (VESD) in an acute or chronic form. A total of 31 mg of DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg diet (16 mg of naturally occurring vitamin E and 15 mg as supplementation) equivalent to 2.5 IU vitamin E/g polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was enough to prevent the development of VESD. In view of the large individual variations of vitamin E concentration in target organs, and to obtain a certain safety margin for prevention of VESD in growing pigs, a supplement of 30 mg of DL-alpha-tocopheryl acetate/kg diet is recommended.     

维生素E对怀孕母猪的营养

维生素E(VE)缺乏会加大母猪繁殖障碍疾病的发生概率,空怀母猪缺乏维生素E时出现乏情,妊娠母猪缺乏维生素E时,产生死胎或体弱仔猪。研究表明,在母猪日粮中添加维生素E能降低胚胎和仔猪的病死率,显著提高产仔数,从而改善母猪的繁殖性能。     

牛维生素A缺乏症及防治

1　病因牛吃入含维生素Ａ原 (胡萝卜素 )的青草、胡萝卜、南瓜、玉米等之后 ,将胡萝卜素在肠黏膜细胞转换成维生素Ａ。维生素Ａ的大部分和少量的胡萝卜素贮存于肝脏内 ,其余部分维生素Ａ和胡萝卜素则贮存沉积在脂肪中 ,需要时被利用。一般从春天到初夏在嫩青草中 ,无论是禾本科还是豆科的绿色部分中都含有大量的胡萝卜素。因此 ,在日粮中缺乏优质干草、青贮牧草和幼嫩植物 ,也就缺乏了胡萝卜素的来源。另外 ,如果母牛不缺乏维生素Ａ ,其初乳中也含有大量维生素Ａ。所以让新生犊牛吃足初乳 ,维生素Ａ就会被贮存于犊牛的肝脏中 ,其后不易出现…