放养笨鸡急性霍乱的诊治

禽霍乱又称禽巴氏杆菌病、禽出血性败血病,是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起禽的急性致死性传染病。急性病例表现为全身黏膜有小的出血点,脂肪呈点状出血,肝脏典型密集状灰白色针尖样坏死灶，急性下痢，粪便呈黄色石灰样，发病快，死亡率高，而慢性病例主要表现为鸡冠，肉髯水肿，关节炎，死亡率较低。目前，此病在山东省呈季节性，地方性，散发性发病，     

禽巴氏杆菌病的流行与诊断

禽巴氏杆菌病是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起多种禽类发病的传染病。急性病例主要表现为突然发病,下痢,败血症及高死亡率,剖检特征是病禽全身黏膜、浆膜出血及肝脏有坏死点。慢性病例特点是鸡冠、肉髯水肿,关节炎,病程长,死亡率低。禽巴氏杆菌病是目前尚无较好防治方法,却会造成重大经济损失的禽类疾病。本文以禽巴氏杆菌病的病原,流行学特点,临床症状,病理变化,实验室诊断等进行说明。     

樱桃谷鸭发生禽霍乱的诊断与防治

禽霍乱又称禽巴氏杆菌病,是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的鸡、鸭、鹅等禽类的接触性、败血性传染病。在临床上以缩颈闭眼,两翅下垂,不愿走动,张口伸颈,剧烈腹泻和肝脏稍肿,棕黄色,表面有灰白色或灰黄色针头大的坏死灶,十二指肠呈卡他性或出血性肠炎,腹膜、皮下组织及腹部脂肪有小点出     

鸡禽霍乱的流行特点及防治措施

禽霍乱又称禽巴氏杆菌病,是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起禽的败血性传染病,以全身出血性变化和肝脏多发性坏死为特征,是危害家禽和野禽的接触性、传染性疾病。该病发病率和死亡率都很高,给养殖业带来巨大的经济损失。结合临床实际工作经验,介绍了鸡禽霍乱病的流行特点、临床症状、病理变化等,并提出了相应的防控措施,旨在为广大养禽户提供参考。     

4株鸡源多杀性巴氏杆菌生物学特性分析

禽多杀性巴氏杆菌可引起禽出血性败血症,又称为禽巴氏杆菌病、禽霍乱,发病快,死亡率高.为对禽多杀性巴氏杆菌的致病机制研究及临床防治提供支持,通过PCR鉴定、耐药性分析、生物被膜形成能力试验以及半数致死量(LD50)测定,对4株临床分离的鸡源多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pm01、Pm03、1801及1803)进行了相关生物学特性分析....     

鸡鸭同感染禽巴氏杆菌病的诊治

禽巴氏杆菌病又名禽霍乱、禽出血性败血病,它是由巴氏杆菌引起的鸡、鸭、鹅、火鸡等禽类一种急性败血传染病.禽巴氏杆菌病多有发生,对养禽业危害很大.这是一起典型的鸡鸭同时感染禽巴氏杆菌病例,特将诊治情况报告如下,供同行参考:     

治疗禽霍乱的较佳用药方案

禽霍乱又称禽出败或禽巴氏杆菌病,常呈散发性或地方性流行发生,鸡、火鸡、鸭和鹅均能被感染。其病原体是多杀性巴氏杆菌。鸡在达到性成熟时对禽霍乱特别易感,常表现为最急性和急性败血症。病鸡死亡快、病死率很高,前驱症状不明显或症状仅发生于死亡前数小时。症状为流涎、冠发绀和急剧下痢。剖检可见粘膜、浆膜有出血点或出血斑,特征病变是肝表面有大量针尖大的灰白色坏死灶。慢性病例以肉髯水肿和关     

中西医结合治疗禽霍乱

禽霍乱又称禽巴氏杆菌病,是由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起的多种家禽的急性败血性传染病,以全身出血性变化和肝脏多发性坏死为特征。近10年笔者采用中西医结合方法治疗禽霍乱共12546例,治愈率91．5％,效果理想,现介绍如下。     

禽巴氏杆菌病疫苗研究进展

综述了国内外禽巴氏杆菌病疫苗的研究现状和趋势,对禽巴氏杆菌病灭活疫苗、弱毒活疫苗、亚单位疫苗、免疫复合物疫苗、基因疫苗等的研究进展进行了概述,重点阐述了禽巴氏杆菌病亚单位疫苗和基因工程疫苗等新型疫苗的研究进展,为进一步研究和开发新的禽巴氏杆菌病疫苗,从而有效控制禽巴氏杆菌病提供了一定的参考.     

鸡禽霍乱诊治

禽霍乱是一种侵害家禽和野禽的接触性疾病,又称禽巴氏杆菌病、禽出血性败血症。该病自然潜伏期一般为2~9 d,其发病率和死亡率较高。导致禽霍乱的病原为多杀性巴氏杆菌,多数鸟类都可感染多杀性巴氏杆菌,本病以鸡、鸭、鹅最易感。病禽或带菌的飞鸟是引起禽霍乱的主要传染源,许多家畜可携带多杀性巴氏杆菌。本病一般经消化道和呼吸道引起传染,病禽排出的飞沫常带有病菌,病禽的排泄物、分泌物可污染土壤、饲料、饮水、工具等而引起传染。     

鸭源新城疫病毒对鹅的致病性试验

鸭源新城疫病毒（NDV）SDFC株通过静脉注射、肌肉注射、点眼滴鼻3种途径人工感染15日龄健康雏鹅,观察试验鹅的发病情况及临床症状,于感染后不同时间剖杀,观察各组织器官的主要剖检变化,并进行病理组织学研究,同时对病毒在组织中的抗原分布进行检测。结果显示,试验鹅感染鸭源NDV后发病率达100%,静脉注射组死亡率为80%,肌肉注射组死亡率为40%,点眼滴鼻组死亡率为26.7%。病鹅表现下痢、流泪,部分出现瘫痪、扭头、角弓反张等神经症状;剖检变化表现为胰腺、脾脏有大小不等的白色坏死灶,胸腺、法氏囊萎缩,心包积液,肠道、肝脏、肺脏、肾脏出血;病理组织学变化表现为胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊等器官内淋巴细胞坏死、崩解,心脏、肺脏、肝脏、肾脏广泛性出血、变性;抗原分布检测结果显示,病毒在病鹅体内多个组织器官中分布。试验结果表明,鸭源NDV对鹅具有较强的致病性。     

一株新型鸭源呼肠孤病毒(TH11株)的分离与鉴定

本文从太湖流域某养鸭场分离到一株呼肠孤病毒(Duck reovirus,DRV)TH11株,该病毒感染的病鸭主要表现软脚和拉稀等主要症状,剖检病变以肝脏出血和脾脏坏死为主要特征。电镜鉴定结果显示,该病原具有呼肠孤病毒的典型形态学特征。动物回归试验和RT-PCR扩增结果证明,该株病毒无论是在致病性方面,还是在基因序列方面都不同于以往的番鸭呼肠孤病毒,而是一株对多品种鸭具有较高致病性和病死率的新型鸭呼肠孤病毒。     

Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens II. Pathology and Proposed Pathogenesis

The intestines from 124 dead, sick and normal broiler chickens from 24 cases of necrotic enteritis were subjected to histological examination. Tissue sections from the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and ceca from each broiler were examined histologically for lesions of necrotic enteritis and the presence of coccidia. Lesions of necrotic enteritis were present in one or more areas of the intestine in all but six of 94 dead or sick birds and they were most common and severe in the jejunum. Coccidia were found in only small numbers in both diseased and normal birds.

Brown and Brenn stained sections showed Gram-positive bacilli intimately associated with early necrotic lesions on the tips of villi. Tissue sections from the intestines of sick birds permitted a proposed pathogenesis for this disease with the lesion starting at the tips of villi.

The similarity in pathogenesis and pathological lesions in this disease of broilers and Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in baby pigs is discussed.

     

Necrotic hepatitis due to Clostridium perfringens infection in newly hatched broiler chicks

Multiple necrotic hepatitis lesions of 5 newly hatched broiler chicks in three flocks derived from two hatcheries were examined pathologically. The livers were brittle, and multiple yellowish or green foci were scattered on the surface and cut surface. The main histological finding was well demarcated multi-focal necrosis in the liver. Many Gram-positive large bacilli that reacted positively with polyclonal anti-Clostridium perfringens serum were observed in necrotic areas.     

Cutaneous habronemiasis in horses and domestic donkeys (Equus asinus asinus)

Cutaneous habronemiasis in 15 horses and 5 donkeys is described. The lesions were distributed in many parts of the body involving the medial canthus, shoulder and pectoral regions, knee and fetlock joints, abdominal wall and prepuce. Some animals had more than one lesion. The lesions were ulcerative and filled with soft light red granulation tissue. When curretted, the deeper layers revealed a dense fibrous tissue with calcified foci. Close examination of the lesions showed that the superficial layer of this dense fibrous tissue contained small caseated and necrotic foci. The same features prevailed in lesions involving the muscular areas, but the deeper layers consisted of a dense granuloma with no evidence of cicatrization. Curretted material digested in potassium hydroxide revealed fragments of larvae of the nematode suggestive of Draschia or Habronema. The histopathological changes were severe and comprised: necrotic foci in a dense fibrous stroma infiltrated with eosinophils, macrophages and few giant cells. Sections of the larvae surrounded by eosinophils were encountered in lesions of the muscular areas. Curretting and excision of the lesion were effective and produced complete healing of the wound by scar tissue formation.     

鹅大肠杆菌油佐剂灭活疫苗的研制

从湛江地区疑似大肠杆菌病的病死鹅组织中分离鉴定2株致病性大肠杆菌O₈₆K₆₁和O₄₄K₇₄,以此制备油佐剂灭活疫苗。用上述疫苗接种20日龄雏鹅,35日龄加强免疫一次,分别于27、35、42、50日龄检测免疫鹅血清抗体水平,并进行攻毒保护试验。结果表明,制备的大肠杆菌油佐剂灭活疫苗安全可靠,免疫后15、30 d后,免疫鹅血清抗体水平分别达到1∶32和1∶128;且免疫鹅能抵抗10¹⁰/mL的致病性大肠杆菌攻击,对照组鹅全部发病,有明显临床症状,从发病鹅组织中分离到致病性大肠杆菌。     

朗德鹅禽流感病毒的分离与鉴定

用禽流感病毒ELISA试剂盒对某朗德鹅养殖场的病鹅气管粘液进行了检测，发现5份粘液样本均呈禽流感阳性；随后取相应气管组织材料接种于9～11日龄鸡胚分离病毒．发现尿囊液能使鸡红细胞发生凝集，用禽流感病毒H5、H7、H9标准阳性血清和新城疫病毒、传染性支气管炎病毒、传染性喉气管炎病毒、传染性法氏囊炎病毒抗血清作HI试验，结果禽流感病毒H5亚型抗血清的血凝抑制滴度达到2^7，而禽流感病毒H7、H9亚型及其他病毒抗血清无血凝抑制滴度，说明从朗德鹅分离到的病毒为H5亚型禽流感病毒。     

鹅高致病性禽流感病理组织学观察

本文对发生H5N1高致病性禽流感禽场的鹅进行了病理学观察，证实此场鹅禽流感在剖检上以眼结膜潮红出血；心肌条纹状坏死，条带样出血；胰腺有白垩状或透明坏死点；胃肠出血等为特征。组织学观察以非化脓性脑炎，胰腺坏死，心肌坏死，坏死性脾炎为主要病变，揭示了鹅禽流感的病理学变化特征。     

家禽骨髓内血栓细胞发生的显微与亚显微结构的观察

本实验利用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜技术对10只成鹅、15只成鸭和10只雏鸡骨髓内血栓细胞发生的形态结构进行了观察。结果显示:原始血栓细胞和幼稚血栓细胞成群分布,光镜下细胞界限不清;电镜下细胞多附在或靠近血窦窦壁,细胞表面有许多突起,细胞分界明显。     

A descriptive analysis of the potential association between migration patterns of bean and white-fronted geese and the occurrence of Newcastle disease outbreaks in domestic birds.

The sightings and migration patterns of 65 bean (Anser fabalis) and 65 white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) are reported. In the past, these geese were serologically screened for the occurrence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and other avian viral diseases by Hlinak et al. (3). Of the 130 birds originally tagged and serologically screened in 1991, 53 birds were resighted between 1991 and 1996. Most of the sightings were reported from main wintering and resting sites in Germany and The Netherlands. It is noteworthy that 19 of the 53 birds sighted had serologic evidence that they had been exposed to NDV before the time of marking in 1991. Although the origin of these infections in bean geese and white-fronted geese is still unknown, the sightings reported in this study indicate that, once infected, wild geese may be involved in the dissemination and spread of avian viral diseases, specifically Newcastle disease. The migration patterns of the wild geese provided further evidence that the main resting and wintering areas of migratory waterfowl are likely to be important for the inter- and intraspecies transmission of avian diseases, thereby representing risk areas for the poultry industry.