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1.
用鸡胚培养法和红血球凝集(HA)试验,测定中药金丝桃素注射液对鸡新城疫病毒的抑制作用。试验共分4组,第Ⅰ组接种病毒尿囊液与中药金丝桃素混合液,HA滴度0。第Ⅱ组接种病毒尿囊液与西药金刚烷胺混合液,HA滴度5log2。第Ⅲ组接种病毒尿囊液与生理盐水混合液,HA滴度9log2。第Ⅳ组不接种病毒尿囊液,不给药,HA滴度0。结果表明,中药金丝桃素注射液对鸡胚无毒性作用。中药金丝桃素与病毒同时接种鸡胚,能完全抑制鸡新城病毒在鸡胚中增殖。  相似文献   

2.
用鸡胚培养法和红血球凝集(HA)试验,测定中药蟾甘口服液对鸡新城疫病毒的抑制作用。试验共分4组,第Ⅰ组接种病毒尿囊液与中药蟾甘口服液混合液,HA滴度0。第Ⅱ组接种病毒尿囊液与西药金刚烷胺混合液,HA滴度5log2。第Ⅲ组接种病毒尿囊液与生理盐水混合液,HA滴度9log2。第Ⅳ组不接种病毒尿囊液,不给药,HA滴度0。结果表明,中药蟾甘口服液对鸡胚无毒性作用。中药蟾甘口服液与病毒同时接种鸡胚,能完全抑制鸡新城病毒在鸡胚中增殖。  相似文献   

3.
用鸡胚培养法和红血球凝集(HA)试验,测定中药泽漆注射液对鸡新城疫病毒的抑制作用.试验共分4组,第Ⅰ组接种病毒尿囊液与中药泽漆混合液,HA滴度为0;第Ⅱ组接种病毒尿囊液与西药金刚烷胺混合液,HA滴度为4loga;第Ⅲ组接种病毒尿囊液与生理盐水混合液,HA滴度为8log2;第Ⅳ组不接种病毒尿囊液,不给药,HA滴度为0.结果表明,中药泽漆注射液对鸡胚无毒性作用.中药泽漆与病毒同时接种鸡胚,能完全抑制鸡新城病毒在鸡胚中增殖.  相似文献   

4.
以H9亚型低致病性禽流感病毒(AIV)的LG1株第20代种毒接种10日龄SPF鸡胚,收获尿囊液,经浓缩制成常规灭活疫苗。用浓缩疫苗及其不同稀释度的疫苗对12日龄的SPF鸡颈部皮下注射0.2ml/只.SPF动物隔离罩内饲养21d后采集血清,随即用此病毒的第8代进行攻毒.结果表明,该浓缩疫苗及其1:1稀释后的疫苗对12日龄SPF鸡具有较好的免疫原性,平均HI滴度均达到9.4log2.并且各免疫鸡只血清中HI抗体大于7log2,但稀释至1/4的疫苗免疫后平均HI滴度只有5.log2.在人工攻毒后3d和7d,对照组有7/10和1/10分离到病毒,但3个试验组免疫后均未分离到病毒.  相似文献   

5.
用鸡胚培养法和红血球凝集(HA)试验,测定中药“金不换”注射液对鸡新城疫病毒的抑制作用。试验共分4组,第Ⅰ组接种病毒尿囊液与中药金不换混合液,HA滴度0。第Ⅱ组接种病毒尿囊液与西药金刚烷胺混合液,HA滴度3log2。第Ⅲ组接种病毒尿囊液与生理盐水混合液,HA滴度9log2。第Ⅳ组不接种病毒尿囊液,不给药,HA滴度0。结果表明,中药“金不换”注射液对鸡胚无毒性作用,与病毒同时接种鸡胚,能完全抑制鸡新城病毒在鸡胚中增殖。  相似文献   

6.
中药炎康注射液对伪狂犬病病毒的抑制试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用鸡胚培养法和红血球凝集(HA)试验,测定中药炎康注射液对伪狂犬病病毒的抑制作用。试验共分4组:第Ⅰ组同时接种病毒尿囊液与中药炎康混合液,HA滴度为0。第Ⅱ组同时接种病毒尿囊液与西药金刚烷胺混合液,HA滴度为4 log2。第Ⅲ组同时接种病毒尿囊液与生理盐水混合液,HA滴度为7 log2。第Ⅳ组不接种病毒尿囊液,不给药,HA滴度为0。结果表明,中药炎康注射液对鸡胚无毒性作用;中药炎康与病毒同时接种鸡胚,能完全抑制伪狂犬病病毒在鸡胚中增殖。  相似文献   

7.
用鸡胚培养法和红血球凝集(HA)试验,测定中药虎杖注射液对鸡新城疫病毒的抑制作用。试验共4组,第Ⅰ组接种病毒尿囊液与中药虎杖混合液,HA滴度0。第Ⅱ组接种病毒尿囊液与西药金刚烷胺混合液,HA滴度4log2。第Ⅲ组接种病毒尿囊液与生理盐水混合液,HA滴度7log2。第Ⅳ组不接种病毒尿囊液,不给药,HA滴度0。结果表明,中药虎仗注射液对鸡胚无毒性作用。中药虎杖与病毒同时接种鸡胚,能完全抑制鸡新城疫病毒在鸡胚中增殖。  相似文献   

8.
用新城疫病毒(NDV)La Sota株接种的鸡胚含毒尿囊液,经灭活、透析和浓缩后,研制出琼脂扩散(AGP)抗原。应用AGP和HI试验同步检测不同免疫状态的鸡血清样品977份。试验表明,HI抗体效价≥16的被检血清,AGP阳性率为98.5%(268/272);HI抗体效价=8的,AGP阳性率为79.3%(142/179);HI抗体效价≤4的526份血清,AGP试验均为阴性。抗原经2次冻融,或在4℃和-3℃保存10个月以上,其效价未见降低。AGP抗原可用于ND的免疫监测和流行病学调查。  相似文献   

9.
用鸡成纤维细胞和鸡胚从30只进口法国种鸽中分离出一株病毒,细胞培养物的HA效价为3log2,尿囊液的HA效价为4log2,新城疫阳性血清能抑制这种血凝作用,HI效价均为7log2,禽流感阳性血清不能抑制这种血凝作用.通过透射电镜观察、毒力测定等最终确认,分离出的病毒为新城疫病毒.  相似文献   

10.
鹅副粘病毒强毒YNG-1株的分离及人工感染试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用鸡胚接种法从云南省某鹅场发生烈性传染病的鹅群中分离到一株病毒,经HA,HI试验,鸡胚接种试验,血清中和鸡胚接种试验,确定所分离病毒为副粘病毒,鸡胚半数致死量(ELD50)为10^-8.57/0.1ml。参照国际上规定的新城疫病毒毒力制定标准及其方法,测定该分离株的鸡胚是小致死量致死鸡胚的平均时间(MDT)54h,1日龄雏鸡脑内接种致病指灵敏(ICPI)为1.71,6周龄鸡静脉内接种致病指数(IVPI)为2.36。表明该分离株具有与新城疫病毒速发型相类似的毒力,为强毒株,命名为YNG-1株。人工感染试验结果表明该分离株对6日龄鹅及16日龄鸡致死率均为100%,对6日龄肉鸭无致病性。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

15.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
18.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

19.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

20.
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