红三叶再生草的生物学特性研究

对红三叶再生草的生物学特性进行了研究 ,发现随着刈割次数的增加 ,该牧草再生草达到相同生育期时的时间、株高、单株重和产草量等都有按一定规律逐渐减少或降低的趋势 ,作者拟把这种特性称之为“相同生育期再生草生长的序时递减规律     

红三叶再生草的生物学特性研究

对红三叶再生草的生物学特性进行了研究,发现随着刈割次数的增加,该牧草再生草达到相同生育期时的时间、株高、单株重和产草量等都有按一定规律逐渐减少或降低的趋势,作者拟把这种特性称之为"相同生育期再生草生长的序时递减规律”.     

天山北坡低出带春秋场优势种牧草的再生性能：1.几种优势种牧草再生性能的？

从牧草的再生方式、再生速度、再生强度和再生草生育期规律研究了四种优势牧草再生生物学特性。伊犁绢蒿春季再生主要由被割后的短、长营养枝继续生长和利用后受到刺激的根颈部位上的芽长成新的营养枝，利用后的长营养枝也可发育为生死总的来看，其再生较弱，与一次利用比，多次利用后，平均再生速度明显下降，再生草总量占总产草量的７７％。短柱苔草季主要以株丛内轮近地表处的芽长的叶和未被利用破坏的叶子继续生长的方式再生方式     

红三叶和鸭茅牧草刈割利用特性的研究

红三叶和鸭茅是我国南方山区的重要牧草，通过在不同生育期或不同高度刈割的研究，在草群中豆科牧草现蕾后、开花前或植株高度在３０ｃｍ时刈割，其产草量最高，禾本科牧草产量比重较适宜，植物干鲜比、茎叶比较理想，草质较好。牧草的前几次刈割，对产量形成起决定作用。随刈割次数增加，再生草达同一刈割生育期所需的时间逐渐减少，株高降低。刈割时间、次数、高度会直接影响牧草当年及次年的分枝（蘖）特性，产草量和牧草品质。     

云南德宏象草与王草的对比试验研究

通过对德宏象草和王草的植物学特征、生物学特性进行观测比较，结果表明：德宏象草种子实生苗生长速度快，其自然扩展蔓延途径主要依靠种子繁殖进行；德宏象草的干物质产量、主要营养成分均极显著高于王草（P〈0．01），但德宏象草的生长高度、分蘖数均低于王草；德宏象草幼茎（直径〈3cm）的再生能力极显著高于王草幼茎的再生能力（P〈0．01），而德宏象草主茎（直径〉3cm）的再生能力极显著低于王草主茎的再生能力（P〈0．01）；德宏象草最适刈割留茬高度为10cm，利用高度应控制在1m左右为宜。     

苏丹草、高丹草和籽粒苋引种栽培试验

通过3种一年生牧草品种对比试验,苏丹草生育期短,分蘖能力和再生能力强,叶量大,产量高,适口性好,营养价值高,能割三茬,而且抗旱、耐盐碱,可作为河西地区一年生牧草进行选择.高丹草生育期长,耐旱性和耐盐性一般,不耐瘠薄,产草量较低,草质一般.籽粒苋耐旱、耐盐碱,耐瘠薄,产草量和产籽量较高,但草质差,可作为改良盐碱地和低产田的牧草品种进行选择.     

华东地区暖地型草坪草特征特性及其经济价值

从外部性状、解剖结构及生育期等方面对华东地区暖地型草坪草的特征特性加以研究，并对其经济价值加以评价，从而为该区暖物型草坪草的直接利用提供了相关的试验依据。     

直穗鹅观草生物学特性及生产性能研究

在我国农牧交错区东段引种直穗鹅观草，播种当年生长缓慢，生育期达到拔节期，产草量较低；生长2年可顺利完成生育期开花结实，生长速度和生物量明显增加，生育期为100d，成熟株高达120～125cm。开花期鲜草及千草产量达到24048．8和9048．1kg／hm^2，均高于对照牧草，2年种子产量平均为724．4kg／hm^2。叶量丰富，孕穗期、开花期、乳熟期和成熟期的茎叶比分别为1／1．27、1／0．85、1／0．75、1／0．65，叶量高于对照牧草。再生性较好，不同时期刈割以开花期再生草产量最高。     

草甸草原8种牧草再生性的研究

1999年在内蒙古锡林敦勒盟东乌珠穆沁旗的草甸草原上，研究了贝加尔针茅等8种牧草的再生性，结果表明，贝加尔针茅、麻花头，草云香的再生能力较强，Qia草等5种牧草的再生性弱。牧草的再生能力除决定于其生物学特性外，也受生长环境条件的制约。     

云南德宏象草与王草的对比试验研究

通过对德宏象草和王草的植物学特征、生物学特性进行观测比较,结果表明:德宏象草种子实生苗生长速度快,其自然扩展蔓延途径主要依靠种子繁殖进行;德宏象草的干物质产量、主要营养成分均极显著高于王草(P<0.01),但德宏象草的生长高度、分蘖数均低于王草;德宏象草幼茎(直径<3cm)的再生能力极显著高于王草幼茎的再生能力(P<0.01),而德宏象草主茎(直径>3cm)的再生能力极显著低于王草主茎的再生能力(P<0.01);德宏象草最适刈割留茬高度为10cm,利用高度应控制在1m左右为宜。     

接种VA菌根真菌对红三叶草利用土壤有机磷的影响

以红三叶草为材料,利用三室隔网培养方法,研究了施用不同有机磷源核糖核酸、卵磷脂（Ｌｅｃｉｔｈｉｎ）、植酸钠（Ｎａ－Ｐｈｙｔａｔｅ）条件下接种菌根真菌（Ｇ．ｍｏｓｓｅａｅ）对土壤有机磷及外加有机磷源的利用效率。植物生长８周收获得后测定植株干物重,含磷量、根系菌根侵染率及根系长度。结果表明,接种菌根真菌能明显增加植株干物质和含磷量。与各有机磷处理相比,无机磷处理得到了最大干物重,但不同磷源之间没有显著     

In vitro degradation characteristics of Timothy and Red Clover at different harvest times

The nutritional value of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) were studied over two consecutive growing seasons (1995 and 1996) with an in vitro gas production technique and chemical analysis. The decline in degradability was more pronounced with increasing maturity in timothy than in red clover during spring growth, but similar during summer growth. Red clover contained more components soluble in neutral detergent solution (NDS) at all harvest occasions. The fractional degradation rate for the NDS fraction was lower in red clover compared to timothy. Red clover had slightly higher fractional degradation rate for the whole forage, but the total kinetic release of energy was similar for the two species at the same harvest time. The results indicate that timothy and red clover have different intrinsic characteristics limiting degradation. Effects of the treatments with NDS on the allocation of pectins could partially explain the differences in degradation characteristics.     

Red urine from red deer grazed on pure red clover swards

Twenty-four red deer hinds with their calves were released on to a newly established pure red clover sward and, 2 days later, red staining of the tail, perineum and hocks was observed. This was presumed to be of urinary origin. Observation of micturition showed that when urine was passed, it was a normal straw colour but it turned scarlet-red about 1 hour after exposure to air. Midstream urine remained the normal colour when held under a pure nitrogen atmosphere immediately after micturition, but it turned red when held in air in the dark, suggesting that the colour change was due to an oxidative rather than a photosensitive reaction. All deer grazing red clover were affected but this did not occur in deer grazing ryegrass/white clover swards. No adverse effects were observed in the deer grazing the red clover, and calf growth was significantly higher than on ryegrass/white clover, suggesting that the red urine had no effect on health or productivity.

Blood and urine analyses showed no signs of haemolysis, haematuria or haemoglobinuria. Preliminary chemical analyses suggest that the compounds involved are not those found in the urine of sheep grazing oestrogenic clover. The nature of the compounds have yet to be determined.     

Red urine from red deer grazed on pure red clover swards

Twenty-four red deer hinds with their calves were released on to a newly established pure red clover sward and, 2 days later, red staining of the tail, perineum and hocks was observed. This was presumed to be of urinary origin. Observation of micturition showed that when urine was passed, it was a normal straw colour but it turned scarlet-red about 1 hour after exposure to air. Midstream urine remained the normal colour when held under a pure nitrogen atmosphere immediately after micturition, but it turned red when held in air in the dark, suggesting that the colour change was due to an oxidative rather than a photosensitive reaction. All deer grazing red clover were affected but this did not occur in deer grazing ryegrass/white clover swards. No adverse effects were observed in the deer grazing the red clover, and calf growth was significantly higher than on ryegrass/white clover, suggesting that the red urine had no effect on health or productivity. Blood and urine analyses showed no signs of haemolysis, haematuria or haemoglobinuria. Preliminary chemical analyses suggest that the compounds involved are not those found in the urine of sheep grazing oestrogenic clover. The nature of the compounds have yet to be determined.     

红三叶、鸭茅生物量和叶面积时空结构特征

研究红三叶、鸭茅各生育期生物量和叶面积时空结构。结果表明:鸭茅下半部生物量较大,红三叶各层分布较均匀,其上半部所占比例明显大于鸭茅;随着生育期的后移,生物量的差异愈加明显,鸭茅呈现下繁草特性,红三叶则呈现上繁草特性;鸭茅地下与地上生物量的比值显著高于红三叶,随着生长期的后移,红三叶根量的变化不大,而鸭茅增加较明显;留茬高度<8cm,对鸭茅收获量的影响比红三叶大,而>8cm则相反;除苗期外鸭茅叶量的比例高于红三叶;在现蕾期或孕穗期以后,两种牧草的叶量下降极为明显;在现蕾期或孕穗期前刈割,可获得最大的光合生产效率。     

不同红三叶品种生产性能及异黄酮含量的比较

在兰州地区以岷山红三叶为对照,从物候期、分枝数、株高、草产量、种子产量、营养成分及异黄酮含量等方面对国外引进的5个红三叶品种进行了综合评价。结果表明:岷山红三叶生育期最短;Astred粗蛋白含量最高;Colenso叶茎比显著高于其他品种;Renegade异黄酮总量、鲜干比及株高最高;Sensation鲜草产量、分枝数、千粒质量优于其他品种;Cobbity小花数,花序长最高;Renegade,As-tred,Cobbity,Sensation均可作为红三叶品种的优良种质来源。     

国外引进红三叶种质在甘肃中部地区的生长特性及生产性能初步评价

为丰富我国红三叶种质资源,给红三叶品种选育提供优异材料,探讨国外引进资源在甘肃中部地区的综合表现,本文以来自俄罗斯、加拿大和美国的31份红三叶种质为供试材料,对其形态特征、农艺性状、生产性能等方面的14个指标进行了测定,发现其在生育期、株高、分枝数、叶面积、茎叶比、再生速度和干草产量等指标上差异非常显著。来源地对供试材料的形态特征和生产性能也有影响。个别种质材料在单一性状上表现优异,可直接应用于生产。通过主成分分析,选取方差累计贡献率达78.94%的前5个主成分对供试材料进行综合评价,结果表明,31份种质中,来自俄罗斯的ZXY2008P-4996综合得分最高,表现最优,其次是来自美国的Scarlett和Star fireⅡ;ZXY2008P-5419综合得分最低,适应性最差。依据主成分向量可将31份红三叶种质聚为4类。     

The effect of storage on the estrogenic effect of red clover silage.

Pure red clover was selected for plant estrogen analyses from the fresh fodder crops of 1972 and 1973. The investigations were made on fresh red clover and on the same red clover after periods of storage of varying length. The red clover was stored in manilla bags in a silo among the ordinary silge fodder, use being of the "green solution method" (Farmos Oy). In the studies the estrogenic effect of the fodder was ascertained by means of bioassay, the criterion being the increase in murine uterine weight. The known plant estrogens were determined by thin layer chromatography and by liquid chromatography. The estrogenic effect of the red clover silage fodder of 1972 was greater in all the silage fodder samples than it was in the fresh red clover. The quantity of individual isoflavones and "transformed" estrogen too, was greater in many of the silage fodder samples than it was in the respective fresh red clover. The estrogenic effect of the silage fodder made from the red clover of 1973 varied considerably; in some samples it was greater but in most it was smaller than the estrogen effect of the fresh red clover. However, apart from a few exceptions, the quantity of individual isoflavones and of transformed estrogens was smaller than it was the fresh red clover.     

红车轴草异黄酮对肉鸡生产性能及肉品质的影响

为了研究红车轴草（Trifolium pratense）异黄酮对肉鸡生长、屠宰性能及肉品质的影响,将180羽1日龄AA肉仔鸡分成3组,即对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组,分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮+红车轴草异黄酮(10 mg/kg)、基础日粮+红车轴草异黄酮(20 mg/kg)。结果显示,红车轴草异黄酮可以提高肉鸡的日增体质量（P<0.05）和屠宰性能（P>0.05）,降低血清中甘油三酯、总胆固醇和腹脂率（P<0.05）,减少了储存第6天肉中丙二醛含量（P<0.05）,降低了肉品滴水损失和剪切力（P>0.05）。表明红车轴草异黄酮能够提高肉鸡生长性能和屠宰性能,改善肉品品质,添加20 mg/kg时肉鸡日增长速度最快。