应用套式RT-PCR方法检测文山州疑似猪瘟的病例报告

猪瘟是由猪瘟病毒(CSFV)引起的一种高致死性、烈性传染病,是危害养猪业的重要传染性疫病之一。结合文山州内基层兽医实验室的检测水平,通过建立猪瘟套式PCR(Nest-PCR)方法,可快速检测猪瘟病毒核酸,为猪瘟防控提供重要的科学依据。     

非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测技术与应用进展

自2018年8月以来,非洲猪瘟已成为我国养猪业的头号疫病,对养猪业造成了巨大损失。基于聚合酶链式反应(PCR)的核酸检测方法具有高灵敏性和高特异性,在对非洲猪瘟的诊断、感染监控和养殖复产过程中生物安全评价等方面发挥了重要的作用。文章对常用的核酸检测技术与特点、非洲猪瘟病毒核酸检测方法的应用、核酸检测新技术展望3个方面进行了总结,以期为养猪企业在非洲猪瘟核酸检测和监测方面提供帮助。     

非洲猪瘟病毒PCR快速检测在屠宰环节的应用

<正>非洲猪瘟是由非洲猪瘟病毒引起的一种急性、热性、高度接触性动物传染病。自2018年8月以来,我国多地相继发生非洲猪瘟,给养猪业带来极大的危害,对相关产业造成了巨大冲击。而开展生猪屠宰环节的非洲猪瘟检测是降低病毒扩散,切断病毒传播途径的主要手段。驻场工作人员自2019年2月21日起在西部利发农牧业产业有限责任公司开展非洲猪瘟病毒荧光PCR检测工作。经过不断地反复实验检测,总结     

猪瘟免疫疫苗的研究与应用

猪瘟病毒一直威胁着养猪业健康发展。文章主要从猪瘟疫苗的新情况、抗体消长规律与免疫程序制定、猪瘟检测方法的研究与应用等方面进行阐述,为进一步研究猪瘟疫苗免疫防控提供理论参考。     

猪瘟诊断技术的研究现状及展望

猪瘟是由猪瘟病毒(CSFV)引起的一种高度接触性传染病,对养猪业危害严重.为更好地选择一种合适、简便、特异的检测手段,以及对猪瘟诊断方法标准化的研究提供参考,现将猪瘟的诊断方法作一综述.……     

猪瘟病毒抗体检测方法的研究进展

猪瘟是由猪瘟病毒引起的一种猪的高度传染性和致死性病毒病,具有传染性强、流行广泛、发病率和死亡率高等特点,对养猪业危害极大.目前,疫苗免疫仍然是防控猪瘟的重要手段,而抗体检测是免疫效果的主要评价依据.现将猪瘟病毒抗体的主要检测方法:病毒中和试验、正向间接血凝试验、酶联免疫吸附试验、胶体金免疫层析法等进行综述,以期为猪瘟疫...     

我国对非洲猪瘟病毒的研究进展综述

非洲猪瘟病毒进入我国已4年有余,因其无法消除且传播方式多样而对我国的养猪业造成巨大威胁。研究非洲猪瘟 病毒的毒株蛋白和基因,解析其蛋白结构和功能是研发非洲猪瘟病毒快速检测试剂盒和非洲猪瘟疫苗的首要措施。本文通过对非洲猪瘟病毒蛋白基因的分析,发现非洲猪瘟病毒的一些基因可以作为诊断该病的目的基因,为非洲猪瘟病毒快速检测试剂盒的研发提供了参考;且随着对非洲猪瘟病毒蛋白基因的深入解析,发现有些基因可以为非洲猪瘟疫苗的研发提供帮助。文章对非洲猪瘟病毒的功能基因、致病基因、检测基因及疫苗研发基因进行总结分析,旨在为非洲猪瘟病毒快速检测试剂盒研发和疫苗研发提供参考。     

猪瘟病毒流行特征及诊断方法研究进展

猪瘟是由猪瘟病毒引起的一种极为严重的传染病,给养猪业带来了巨大的经济损失。本文在论述猪瘟病毒流行特点的基础上,评述了各种诊断方法的优缺点,并提出了猪瘟诊断方法的发展趋势。     

种猪场猪瘟的控制与净化

<正>猪瘟是猪瘟病毒(CSFV)引起的一种猪的急性、烈性、接触性传染病,在我国被列为一类传染病,国际动物卫生组织将列为其A类动物传染病。长期以来,猪瘟多以非典型性、慢性及隐性形式出现,给养猪业造成巨大的经济损失。在规模化猪场猪瘟控制与净化过程中,我们采取接种免疫疫苗为主的方法,并配有特异、敏感、便于操作的检测、监测手段,应用猪瘟病毒RT-PCR方法进行初筛,如有阳性,再进行猪瘟病毒野毒株荧光RT-PCR方法鉴别检测,若出     

房企青睐养猪为哪般?

正非洲猪瘟让国内养猪业形势不容乐观,但是这并没有阻止我们养猪的热情。反而,不断地有外行资本进入养猪业。养猪,还是可以的。2018年8月4日,辽宁省沈阳市沈北新区发生一起非洲猪瘟疫情,这是我国境内发现的第一起非洲猪瘟疫情。之后,非洲猪瘟病毒在国内炸开了锅,国内其他省份多个猪场被检测出非洲猪瘟病毒。上到农业农村部,下到各地方规模猪场,整条战线上的工作重心一齐转到备战非洲猪瘟上。面对非洲猪瘟的"侵袭",我们感叹国内养猪业疫     

Immunofluorescence in the serological diagnosis of parainfluenza type 3 and respiratory syncytial virus infection in calves

The fluorescent antibody (FA) test is compared with the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for parainfluenza virus type 3 (PI-3) and virus neutralisation (VN) test for respiratory syncytial (RS) virus for detection and titration of virus-specific antibodies. In experimentally inoculated calves PI-3 and RS virus FA tests detected seroconversion at the same time as HI and VN tests, however, in serially diluted sera, the FA test was positive to higher dilution. In studies with paired samples from calves from four farms with respiratory problems, the FA test gave similar results to PI-3 HI and RS virus VN tests. Large increases in antibody titre to RS virus detected by FA and VN tests indicated this was the problem on two of the farms. Individual animals showed large rises to PI-3 by FA and HI test on three farms. It is concluded that the FA test provides a rapid and sensitive alternative to the more conventional serological tests for respiratory viruses.     

Diagnostic assays applied in BVDV control in The Netherlands

In The Netherlands, a voluntary bovine virus diarrhoea virus (BVDV)-free certification programme was started in 1997. After an intake procedure in which all cattle are tested for the presence of BVD virus, a herd obtains the status "BVD-virus-free". To maintain this status a monitoring procedure is executed to verify absence of BVDV circulation in the herd. Several diagnostic tests are used: RT-PCR in bulk milk and pooled blood samples, antigen-ELISA (Ag-ELISA) and antibody ELISA in individual blood samples. Sensitivity and specificity of these tests are discussed. In addition, a diagnostic quick scan has been introduced, consisting of a combination of bulk milk tests for virus and antibody, and antibody tests in samples from young stock. Preliminary results are presented.     

Hemagglutination by canine parvovirus: serologic studies and diagnostic applications

Conditions for canine parvoviral hemagglutination (HA) and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) reactions were defined. The HA phenomena were used to differentiate canine parvovirus (CPV) from feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), mink enteritis virus (MEV), and minute virus of canines. Serologic comparisons of the CPV, FPV, and MEV by HA-HI and serum-neutralization tests indicated that CPV, FPV, and MEV were antigenically similar but were different from minute virus of canines. Diagnostic application of HA tests to fecal samples from acute cases of enteritis was discussed. Combinating HA tests with HI tests on fecal samples provided a rapid and specific diagnostic method for CPV infection. Secular seroprevalence studies indicated the emergence of CPV infeciton in the United States dog population-at-large in 1978.     

Neutralization of African swine fever virus by sera from African swine fever-resistant pigs

Sera from African swine fever-resistant pigs with infection-inhibitory activity decreased virus replication in infected porcine buffy coat cultures. This same effect was observed even after virus was adsorbed. The infection-inhibition was not reversed by removing the immune serum from the assay cultures. Reduction of African swine fever virus replication by immune sera was demonstrated by fluorescent focus assay on MS cell line cultures. Virus-neutralization tests showed a persistent fraction of non-neutralized virus, which was not demonstrable by infection-inhibition tests. One hypothesis for explaining this difference is proposed.     

Comparison of ciliary activity and virus recovery from tracheas of chickens and humoral immunity after inoculation with serotypes of avian infectious bronchitis virus

Cross-protection tests with homologous and heterologous serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) were used to compare ciliary activity and virus recovery from tracheas of chickens. Validation of this technique included correlating the neutralization indices of antiserum obtained from some infected birds. Chickens were inoculated intratracheally with either the JMK or Connecticut (Conn) serotype of IBV. Three weeks later, infected and uninfected groups were challenged by the same route with homologous and heterologous virus. The JMK strain provided immunity against homologous challenge and the Conn strain, as indicated by good ciliary activity and lack of challenge virus recovery. The Conn strain provided only homologous protection, as ciliostasis occurred and virus was recovered after challenge with the JMK strain. In each case, antiserum to immunizing virus neutralized only the homologous virus. Controls were uniformly susceptible and lacked neutralizing antibody. A similar experiment with the Ark 99 serotype and a recent isolate (397) of IBV revealed complete cross-protection of the tracheas. Antiserum to each virus neutralized the homologous and heterologous virus in each case in reciprocal tests. The results indicate that these two viruses are closely related. The complete agreement between ciliary activity and virus isolation indicates that ciliary activity is a reliable, objective criterion upon which tracheal immunity can be judged in cross-protection tests.     

Antigenic relationship of Ibaraki,bluetongue, and epizootic Hemorrhagic disease viruses

Ibaraki virus, which causes a bluetongue-like disease of cattle in Japan, was compared antigenically with the four serotypes of bluetongue virus (BTV) found in the U.S. and with the two serotypes of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV). No antigenic relationship was found between Ibaraki virus and BTV serotypes 10, 11, 13, and 17 in tests for group or serotype-specific antigens. However, Ibaraki virus and EHDV were related antigenically. The agar gel precipitin and indirect fluorescent antibody tests for group antigens showed two-way cross relationships between Ibaraki virus and EHDV serotypes 1 and 2. The more restrictive serotype-specific neutralization test revealed that antigenic relatedness was stronger between Ibaraki virus and the serotype 2 (Alberta strain) of EHDV than between Ibaraki virus and the serotype 1 (New Jersey strain) of EHDV.     

Comparison of serologic assays for measurement of antibody response to coronavirus in cats

Serologic virus neutralization tests, indirect immunofluorescence tests, and ELISA, using tissue culture-adapted feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) or feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) were compared for their ability to distinguish specific virus exposure in cats. Sera of specific-pathogen-free cats inoculated with virulent or modified FIPV or FECV were used to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the homologous assays to a heterologous assay that measures antibody reactivity with transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine. The geometric means of the serologic titers in FIPV and FECV assays were higher for FIPV- or FECV-infected specific-pathogen-free cats than the geometric means of the transmissible gastroenteritis virus assays for most groups. None of the assays was specific enough to discern the virus to which a cat had been exposed. However, the FIPV virus neutralization test appeared to be more sensitive for detection of an early response to FIPV infection than did the FIPV immunofluorescence test or FIPV-ELISA.     

Some antigenic and cultural properties of border disease and bovine viral diarrhoea viruses

In vitro comparison of the replication cycles of three strains of border disease virus and one strain of bovine viral diarrhoea virus showed similar growth curve patterns and a tendency of cell-free virus to exceed cell-associated virus. Each virus was antigenically distinguishable from the others in cross-neutralisation tests.     

膜分离法纯化浓缩猪伪狂犬病疫苗毒的效果

本研究使用不同孔径的陶瓷(有机)膜过滤器,对不合格的猪伪狂犬病毒细胞收获液(病毒含量≤104TCID50/mL)滤除杂蛋白、超滤浓缩、除菌处理得到纯化浓缩的猪伪狂犬病疫苗病毒液;然后对纯化浓缩的猪伪狂犬病疫苗病毒液分别进行杂蛋白去除率检验与无菌检验、病毒含量测定、安全检验、效力检验;将检验合格的纯化浓缩的猪伪狂犬病疫苗病毒液添加保护剂冻干,并对纯化浓缩的猪伪狂犬病冻干活疫苗进行以上各项检验,以及进行免疫猪体内抗体消长变化的检测。结果表明:纯化的猪伪狂犬病疫苗杂蛋白去除率平均达到68.3%以上,病毒含量≥105TCID50/mL,效力检验合格;免疫猪体内抗猪伪狂犬病毒抗体增长幅度比同时期未纯化的常规疫苗显著,其中免疫至84 d时中和抗体效价平均高达40.35稀释倍数左右,比常规疫苗中和抗体效价平均高出14.22稀释倍数。此项研究为畜禽疫苗的纯化提供一定的参考。     

Some antigenic and cultural properties of border disease and bovine viral diarrhoea viruses

In vitro comparison of the replication cycles of three strains of border disease virus and one strain of bovine viral diarrhoea virus showed similar growth curve patterns and a tendency of cell-free virus to exceed cell-associated virus. Each virus was antigenically distinguishable from the others in cross-neutralisation tests.