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1.
中药复方制剂对鸡红细胞免疫功能影响的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
选择120只健康仔鸡,随机分成8组,每组15只。Ⅰ组为健康对照,Ⅱ组为接毒对照,Ⅲ~Ⅴ组分别是中药免疫对照(剂量为1%,2%,5%饲料添加),Ⅵ组为疫苗应用对照组,Ⅶ组为中药预防对照组,Ⅷ组为疫苗与中药共同免疫,再接种禽流感病毒,中药应用剂量与方法同Ⅲ组。分别在免疫前1天、免疫后第三天、攻毒后第二天,按郭峰法测定各组鸡的红细胞免疫功能状态。结果试验表明:Ⅱ组攻毒后三天,RBC—CR1花环率和RBC—IC花环率显著降低,相对其他各组差异极显著。Ⅵ组在疫苗免疫后第三天,红细胞免疫功能出现短暂性降低,但在第九天恢复正常。Ⅶ组中药预防组虽然RBC—CR1花环率和RBC—IC花环率降低,相对Ⅰ组(正常对照组)差别不显著,且在第九天,升高到正常水平。Ⅷ组疫苗与中药同时应用,该复方制剂能消除红细胞免疫功能短暂性降低的不良反应。Ⅲ~Ⅴ组(免疫增强组)RBC—CR1花环率和RBC—IC花环率,相对Ⅰ组(正常对照组)差别显著,与其他组差别极显著。结论:接种AIV后会引起鸡红细胞免疫功能降低,该中药复方能增强机体免疫功能的同时,且能消除红细胞免疫功能降低所带来的不良反应。  相似文献   

2.
选择120只健康仔鸡,随机分成8组,每组15只。Ⅰ组为健康对照,Ⅱ组为接毒对照,Ⅲ-Ⅴ组分别是中药免疫对照(剂量为1%,2%,5%饲料添加),Ⅵ组为疫苗应用对照组,Ⅶ组为中药预防对照组,Ⅷ组为疫苗与中药共同免疫,再接种禽流感病毒,中药应用剂量与方法同Ⅲ组。分别在免疫前1天、免疫后第三天、攻毒后第二天,按郭峰法测定各组鸡的红细胞免疫功能状态。结果试验表明:Ⅱ组攻毒后三天,RBC-cR1花环率和RBC-IC花环率显著降低,相对其他各组差异极显著。Ⅵ组在疫苗免疫后第三天,红细胞免疫功能出现短暂性降低,但在第九天恢复正常。Ⅵ组中药预防组虽然RBc—CR1花环率和RBc—IC花环率降低,相对Ⅰ组(正常对照组)差别不显著,且在第九天,升高到正常水平。Ⅷ组疫苗与中药同时应用,该复方制剂能消除红细胞免疫功能短暂性降低的不良反应。Ⅲ~Ⅴ组(免疫增强组)RBC—CR1花环率和RBC—IC花环率,相对Ⅰ组(正常对照组)差别显著,与其他组差别极显著。结论:接种AIV后会引起鸡红细胞免疫功能降低,该中药复方能增强机体免疫功能的同时,且能消除红细胞免疫功能降低所带来的不良反应。  相似文献   

3.
中药免疫增强剂对鸡ILT疫苗免疫和强毒攻击的影响   总被引:10,自引:2,他引:8  
选择健康仔鸡 70只 ,随机分为 7组 ,每组 10只。 1组为健康对照组 (不免疫、不攻毒 ) ,2~ 4组为不同处理的免疫试验组。在试验仔鸡 45日龄时 ,2组免疫传染性喉气管炎 (ILT)疫苗 ,3组免疫ILT疫苗同时肌肉注射中药免疫增强剂Ⅰ ,4组免疫ILT疫苗同时肌肉注射中药免疫增强剂Ⅱ。 5、6组为非免疫试验组。在仔鸡 5 2日龄时 ,5组肌肉注射中药免疫增强Ⅰ ,6组肌肉注射中药免疫增强Ⅱ。 7组为单纯强毒攻击组。 5 5日龄时 ,2~ 7组全部用ILT强毒 (EID50 =10 -5 33/ 0 1ml)攻击。结果显示 :试验 2组在免疫后 3d ,RBC -CRl和RBC -IC花环率显著降低 ,免疫后第 9d ,上述两个花环率恢复到正常值。试验 3、4组 ,RBC -CRl和RBC -IC花环率在免疫后升高 ,且高于 1组和 2组。强毒攻击后 5d、10d ,试验 2~ 6组 ,RBC -CRl、RBC -IC花环率仍然保持在攻毒前的水平。 7组的RBC -CRl和RBC -IC花环率显著降低 ,与其他各组比较差异极显著 (P <0 0 1) ,在攻毒后第 10d(试验 2、3、4组免疫后 2 0d) ,体内ILT抗体检测结果为 ,试验 1组ILT抗体全部阴性 ,其他试验组的ILT抗体效价为 :2组、3组、7组为 1∶8;4组、5组为 1∶32 ;6组为 1∶2 5 6。说明ILT疫苗免疫或强毒攻击 ,均会引起机体红细胞免疫功能降低 ;中药免疫增强剂能够消除ILT  相似文献   

4.
为测定蓝黄青口服液(LHQY)对鸡传染性喉气管炎(ILT)免疫以及红细胞免疫力的影响,试验分为4组,分别为对照组、LHQY(浓度为1∶1500)饮水组、鸡传染性喉气管炎和鸡痘基因工程活载体疫苗免疫组和二者同时给予组.结果显示,LHQY给药后3d就能极显著提高健康鸡的RBC-CR1花环率和RBC-IC花环率(P<0.01),并且这种作用效果可以持续20d以上;与疫苗同用,RBC-CR1花环率和RBC-IC花环率均显著或极显著高于健康对照组和疫苗组(P<0.05,P<0.01).进行攻毒保护试验,发现LHQY用药组的RBC-CR1花环率和RBC-IC花环率均极显著高于感染对照组(P<0.01),LHQY与疫苗混合使用这两种花环率也极显著高于感染对照组(P<0.01),并整体高于疫苗组.说明蓝黄青口服液能显著提高鸡红细胞免疫功能,对ILT有很好的预防和治疗作用.  相似文献   

5.
鸡血型系统对红细胞免疫功能的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用狼山鸡、海兰W-36鸡、AA肉用种鸡、南京当地鸡研究了各血型系统因子对鸡红细胞免疫功能的影响,结果表明,狼山鸡、南京当地鸡的CR1花环率显著高于海兰W-36、AA肉用种鸡,但红细胞免疫物花环率在各品种与血型因子相关性无显著差异(P>0.05);带有B2、B21、B365、B614因子的鸡,其红细胞CR1花环率高于带D15、A653、B13因子的鸡,但在各品种鸡中有很大差异;本文还分析了红细胞免疫功能与遗传抗性的关系,提示鸡的红细胞免疫功能CR1花环率与鸡的抗马立克氏病(MD)特性呈一定的正相关。  相似文献   

6.
马立克氏病疫苗胚胎免疫鸡红细胞免疫功能的研究   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
作者检测了胚胎免疫鸡(孵化至18日龄时鸡胚接种马立克氏病二价疫苗)及其相应1日龄免疫鸡和未免疫鸡的红细胞CR1花环率和红细胞IC花环率以观察其外周血液红细胞免疫功能。结果表明,随着试验鸡日龄的增长,其外周血液中红细胞CR1活性呈现一定的递减性变化,但胚胎免疫鸡红细胞CR1活性的降低幅度远低于其它两组鸡。胚免鸡出壳后7日龄进行vMDV攻毒,结果也显示胚胎免疫可显著阻止红细胞免疫功能的下降。此外,胚免组鸡血清中红细胞免疫粘附抑制因子活性下降(IC形成减少),使得红细胞免疫功能得以更好的发挥。  相似文献   

7.
黄芪多糖对接种NDⅣ雏鸡红细胞免疫功能的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以50日龄内健康海兰白雏鸡为研究对象,将黄芪多糖(APS)按0 mg/只、5 mg/只和10 mg/只经滴鼻点眼、肌肉注射等方式分别与鸡NDⅣ系疫苗同时免疫接种适龄雏鸡。结果表明,雏鸡C3b受体花环率(E-C3bRR)和红细胞C3b受体花环促进率(ERER)显著升高,红细胞免疫复合物花环率(E-ICRR)和红细胞C3b受体花环抑制率(ERIR)则降低,即APS可显著提高雏鸡的红细胞免疫功能,且APS 10 mg/只组效果优于5 mg/只组;对NDⅣ系苗免疫雏鸡来说,以APS 10 mg/只肌肉注射,NDⅣ滴鼻点眼对红细胞免疫功能的增强作用最显著。  相似文献   

8.
为探讨中药制剂肠宁Ⅱ对新生犊牛免疫水平的影响,选择12头健康新生犊牛分为试验组和对照组,连续给药10d。分别在第10、20、30天颈静脉采血,测定红细胞C3b受体花环率、红细胞IC花环率、淋巴细胞转化率、Ea花环率和EAC花环率,并进行比较。统计学分析结果显示差异显著,表明中药制剂肠宁Ⅱ具有增强犊牛机体免疫水平的功能。  相似文献   

9.
铜缺乏对奶牛免疫功能的影响   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
为阐明铜缺乏奶牛免疫机制的变化特征及补铜对奶牛免疫功能的影响,本实验选择缺铜地区全血铜低于NRC有(0.8mg/kg)但无明显摇摆症状的犊牛25头作为亚临床铜缺乏组;并对其中15头进行补铜试验9饲料中添加硫酸铜100mg/kg干重),以15头临床健康奶牛作为对照组,分别于40d及80d采集血样并检测血清循环免疫复合物(CIC)含量、血清总IgG含量、外周血淋巴细胞亚群分类计数、ANAE-T^ 阳性细胞计数、红细胞C3b受体花环率、循环免疫复合物花环率(IC)、血清红细胞粘附促进率(ERIR)及抑制率(ERER)。结果表明,发病组及亚临床组奶牛血清CIC含量、红细胞IC花环率及血清粘附抑制率显著高于对照组;但血清中IgG含量、ANAE-T^ 计数值、外周血淋巴亚群T值、C3b受体花环率及血清红细胞粘附促进率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。在补铜后40d亚临床组奶牛血清CIC含量及红细胞IC花环率显著低于补铜前,而外周血淋巴细胞亚群T值、C3b受体花环率显著高于补铜前(P<0.05)。在补铜后80d,亚临床组奶年血清CIC含量、红细胞IC花环率有继续下降的趋势,血清中IgG含量、ANAE-T^ 计数值及C3b受体花环率显著高于实验前(P<0.05)。结论:铜缺乏能够抑制奶牛的免疫机制,补铜能使其免疫功能得到改善。  相似文献   

10.
本试验的目的在于研究姬松茸多糖对鸡疫苗免疫力和红细胞免疫功能的影响.方法:将试验鸡随机分为3组:对照组用新城疫Ⅳ冻干苗及新城疫灭活疫苗进行免疫;Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组同样进行免疫,同时分别灌服0.6%和3%的姬松茸多糖灭菌溶液1 ml/只,连续3 d.于免疫前及免疫后的第4、11、18 d,分别检测ND抗体效价及红细胞C3b受体花环率.结果:Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组的抗体水平在免疫后第4 d至第18 d一直处于上升趋势,且在免疫后第4 d和第18 d显著高于对照组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组间差异不显著;Ⅱ组在免疫后第4d红细胞花环率显著高于对照组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05),而Ⅲ组在免疫后第11d红细胞花环率显著高于对照组(P<0.05).结论:姬松茸多糖具有提高鸡疫苗免疫力和红细胞免疫功能的作用,但未见明显的量效关系.  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

13.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

14.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

15.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

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正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

20.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

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