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本文综述了脂肪细胞膜免疫技术的研究概况。免疫机制。影响因素、及特异膜蛋白的研究等。对于进一步深入研究猪脂肪细胞膜蛋白的组成和功能。揭示脂肪细胞膜蛋白与脂肪细胞代谢和功能之间的关系.阐明脂肪细胞分化和脂肪沉积的分子和细胞机制,寻找减少猪脂肪过度沉积提供了科学依据,开辟了降低猪脂肪。提高瘦肉率研究的新领域。 相似文献
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本试验利用原代脂肪细胞培养的方法,通过诱导分化,观测猪、大鼠原代脂肪细胞形态学、分化时序及代谢差异。结果显示,猪脂肪细胞第6d达到分化高峰期,而大鼠第4d达到高峰期;甘油释放量都表现出时间依赖性的增高模式,但大鼠代谢旺盛;从细胞形态学上,观测到猪脂肪细胞分化过程中,小脂滴的汇集程度较大鼠脂肪细胞差,并且缓慢。猪脂肪细胞与大鼠脂肪细胞在分化过程中所表现的差异性,提示两物种脂肪细胞代谢及功能不尽相同。 相似文献
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民猪具有良好的抗寒能力,研究表观遗传对民猪脂肪细胞分化的影响,揭示民猪脂肪细胞分化的分子机制,将为探索民猪抗寒性状形成原因提供依据。在体外培养的民猪前脂肪细胞培养液中分别添加不同浓度5-Aza-CdR和TSA处理一定时间,MTT法和流式细胞术检测前脂肪细胞活率,确定最适处理浓度;用最适浓度的5-Aza-CdR和TSA处理前脂肪细胞诱导形成成熟脂肪细胞后,分别检测细胞中表观遗传相关基因DNMT1、DNMT3B、ALDH1A3和ALDH1A9,以及脂肪细胞棕色化相关基因ZNF423、PPARα、NCOR1和EBF2的mRNA相对表达量,并用油红O染色观察脂滴形成情况。结果表明,在本实验研究条件下,500 nmol/L的5-Aza-CdR处理48 h和150 nmol/L的TSA处理24 h是对前脂肪细胞生长影响最小的最高浓度,作为后续实验的细胞处理浓度。5-Aza-CdR处理前脂肪细胞后能够降低成熟脂肪细胞中DNMT1、DNMT3B、ZNF423、PPARα、NCOR1和EBF2基因的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),并抑制脂滴生成。TSA处理后,成熟脂肪细胞中ALDH1A3和AL... 相似文献
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本研究以猪脂肪间充质干细胞(AMSCs)为材料,通过LiCl对AMSCs细胞中Wnt/β-catenin信号通路第二信使β-联蛋白(β-catenin)的稳定作用,探讨体外激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对猪AMSCs向脂肪细胞分化的作用及其初步机制。应用细胞免疫化学染色鉴定AMSCs细胞表面分子CD44和CD105的表达;油红O染色法检测AMSCs成脂分化潜能;采用半定量RT-PCR及Westernblot等技术分析Wnt/β-catenin通路各因子及脂肪细胞分化转录因子的表达。结果显示,猪AMSCs表达CD44和CD105,并具有多向分化潜能;25mmol·L-1的LiCl处理AMSCs后,细胞中β-catenin蛋白表达明显增强;激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路后,猪AMSCs在成脂诱导剂作用下向脂肪细胞分化的数目减少、细胞内甘油三酯含量降低,脂肪细胞分化转录因子C/EBPα和PPARγ的表达受到抑制。以上结果表明,激活Wnt/β-catenin信号通路能明显抑制猪AMSCs向脂肪细胞分化,其抑制作用可能是通过下调脂肪细胞分化转录因子PPARγ和C/EBPα的表达来实现的。 相似文献
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《畜牧兽医学报》2015,(12)
脂肪组织与猪肉品质密切相关,是影响猪胴体品质的一大因素。了解猪脂肪组织的生长发育及代谢调控机制,对于畜牧生产及疾病治疗具有重大意义。miRNAs(microRNAs)是一类内源性的、非编码的、长度为18~24nt的小分子RNA,其主要通过调控基因表达的转录后水平起作用。大量研究表明,miRNAs参与调控脂肪细胞分化、脂肪形成、脂肪酸代谢、胆固醇合成等多个生命过程。然而目前已报道的猪miRNAs仅有326个,且miRNAs调控猪脂肪发育的研究十分欠缺。本文对近年来猪脂肪相关miRNAs的挖掘和鉴定研究工作进行回顾,同时也关注了miRNAs调控猪脂肪发育的研究。 相似文献
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猪脂肪油渣替代秘鲁鱼粉饲喂肉仔鸡的试验内蒙古赤峰市喀喇沁旗畜牧局王小民近年来,国内利用各种饲料蛋白替代秘鲁鱼粉的饲喂试验不断有成功的报导,这对解决目前市场进口鱼粉的短缺,开发蛋白饲料资源起了促进作用。为能更好的因地制宜、就地取材,本人进行了“猪脂肪油... 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献
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乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物.本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制.乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道.文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分(表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖)与肠道受体(C型凝集素受体、Toll样受体和Nod样受体),阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制. 相似文献
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家兔作为一种实验动物 ,推动了繁殖技术的发展。本试验通过对不同年龄公獭兔的睾丸进行组织学观察、测定 ,研究精子的发生规律 ,为系统地进行繁殖生理工作提供依据。1 材料与方法选 60日龄、75日龄、90日龄 3个年龄公獭兔各5只 ,用外科手术法摘取两侧睾丸 ,放入 Bouin氏液中固定 ,二甲苯透明 ,石蜡包埋 ,切成 5~ 8μm切片 ,H.E.染色。在显微镜下观察 ,并进行定量组织学指标测定及差异性比较。2 结果和讨论2 .1 睾丸定量组织学指标的测定结果 见表 1。表 1 獭兔睾丸定量组织学指标 μm,个 /精细管60日龄 75日龄 90日龄曲细精管… 相似文献
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Fractures of the anconeal process of 5 pigs ranging in age from 4 to 8 months were studied radiographically and histologically. Clinically, animals with a fracture of the anconeal process had a "tight," restricted gait. In pigs at 4.5 months of age, a radiolucent line through the base of the anconeal process was composed of fibrocartilage, fibrous connective tissue, and hyaline cartilage. Subperiosteal proliferation of woven bone was located along the cranial surface of the olecranon, adjacent to the base of the anconeal process. In older animals, the radiolucent line through the anconeal process contained variable amounts of fibrous connective tissue and fibrocartilage. The proliferation of subperiosteal bone at the base of the anconeal process formed a "buttress callus" which retained a radiolucent area between the callus and the proximal surface of the anconeal process. The latter region of radiolucency was continuous with the transversely oriented line that traversed the base of the anconeal process. 相似文献