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1.
采用血吸虫病斑点金标免疫渗滤诊断技术在永胜县做了动物血吸虫病感染符合率、特异性试验,共检测2 800份牛血纸,结果检出阳性78头;检测755份牛血清,检出阳性72头;再对被检查的2 800头牛采用粪便毛蚴孵化法检出阳性74头。免疫学诊断结果与病原检查结果阳性符合率血纸达94.8%,血清达97.3%。同时在县内非疫区乡(镇)做了阴性符合率试验,符合率达100%。血吸虫病斑点金标免疫渗滤诊断技术在永胜县6个血防区试验运用,取得了成功。  相似文献   

2.
斑点金标免疫渗滤新技术(简称金标法)检测家畜血吸虫病抗体,在本省进行了特异性、敏感性、符合率等试验.金标法能检出人工感染犬血吸虫14 d后的血吸虫病抗体,检出率为100%,可用于血吸虫病早期诊断.粪孵100头份血吸虫病阳性的牛血纸,用金标法检测全部为阳性,阳性符合率为100%;在非疫区的2个县分别采牛血纸100份,用金标法进行检测,未查出血吸虫病阳性牛,阴性符合率为100%.在金标法检测4 000份牛血纸,检出阳性牛为129头,再对这129头牛采粪孵化,有血吸虫毛蚴的牛128头,金标法与病原学检查法阳性符合率为99.2%(99%~100%).在本省54个血防疫区县推广应用,取得了显著的社会经济效益.  相似文献   

3.
湖北荆州地区牛血吸虫病流行病学调查   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用血清学诊断法,顶管毛蚴孵化法,饱和食盐水漂浮虫卵法等检测湖北荆州地区牛血吸虫感染情况。结果显示,血清学检查阳性率为17.92%,饱和食盐水漂浮虫卵法检查阳性率为19.46%,粪便毛蚴孵化法检查阳性率为16.04%。提示,阳性牛以重、轻度感染居多,该地区是血吸虫病的老疫区,牛血吸虫病比较严重。  相似文献   

4.
采用粪便毛蚴孵化法筛选自然感染血吸虫病水牛,考察30%吡喹酮注射液对水牛血吸虫病的临床治疗效果。在实验性临床试验中,将自然感染血吸虫病水牛随机分为5组,分别为吡喹酮注射液高(20 mg/kg)、中(10mg/kg)、低(5mg/kg)剂量组,吡喹酮片组(30mg/kg)和阳性对照组(不用药组)。给药30d后,吡喹酮注射液高、中、低剂量组及吡喹酮片组的粪便毛蚴孵化转阴率分别为100.0%、100.0%、77.8%和85.7%。在扩大临床试验中,将自然感染血吸虫病水牛随机分为2组,分别为吡喹酮注射液推荐剂量组(10mg/kg)和吡喹酮片组(30mg/kg),给药30d后,吡喹酮注射液组的52头患牛的粪便毛蚴孵化转阴率为100%,吡喹酮片组的6头患牛的粪便毛蚴孵化转阴率为100%。研究结果表明,30%吡喹酮注射液对水牛血吸虫病具有良好的治疗效果,给药方便,可以替代传统内服片剂,临床推荐剂量为10mg/kg。  相似文献   

5.
以饱和食盐水漂浮虫卵法、顶管毛蚴孵化法检测猫日本血吸虫的感染情况。结果显示,饱和食盐水漂浮虫卵法检测阳性率为7.82%;粪便毛蚴孵化法检测阳性率为6.80%;含5-9个毛蚴杯子数占总杯数的17.35%。结果提示,血吸虫病的老疫区江陵县猫轻度感染日本血吸虫。  相似文献   

6.
选择湖北省江陵县5个行政村的水牛和黄牛,用血清学诊断法、饱和盐水漂浮虫卵法、顶管毛蚴孵化法检测日本血吸虫感染情况,并采用抽样法对调查村所属的湖滩钉螺分布情况进行了检查。结果,牛日本血吸虫病血清抗体检查阳性率为17.92%,饱和盐水漂浮虫卵法检查阳性率为19.46%,粪便毛蚴孵化法检查阳性率为16.04%,5个村湖滩钉螺的平均密度为0.445只/m^2。结果显示,该县日本血吸虫病流行严重。  相似文献   

7.
为评估快速胶体金免疫层析条(colloidal gold imunochromatography assay,GICA)诊断现场家畜日本血吸虫病的价值,以GICA法对来自湖南血吸虫病流行区和非流行区的山羊、水牛、黄牛血清进行栓测,并和间接血凝法(indirect haemagglutination test,IHA)及粪便孵化法的诊断结果进行比较.结果显示,GICA对流行区284只山羊、172头水牛和145头黄牛血清检测,阳性率分别为10.21%、8.14%、8.28%;对非流行区的30只山羊、25头水牛、17头黄牛检测,假阳性率分别为10%、12%和11.76%.GICA和IHA的诊断结果相比,阳性符合率分别为93.8%、100%、100%,阴性符合率分别为99.7%、98.9%、98.7%;GICA与粪便孵化法的诊断结果相比,阳性符合率均为100%,阴性符合率分别为94.6%、96.9%、94.3%.可见,GICA法快速、简便,可以代替现行的IHA和粪便孵化检查法,用于疫区家畜血吸虫痛的筛查.  相似文献   

8.
一、安吉县血吸虫病耕牛粪孵诊断结果1983年6月28日—7月5日,中国农业科学院上海家畜血吸虫病研究所病原诊断组在安吉县血吸虫病流行区进行毛蚴孵集器考核试验,用四种工具,各经一粪四检,从10个公社,17个大队,计86头牛次粪便的诊断结果,未能查出一头病牛。为此进行了深入调查与分析;探明安吉县原是血吸虫病耕牛阳性很高的流行区,解放后,曾用锑剂治疗,因副作用大,没  相似文献   

9.
用血清学诊断法、顶管毛蚴孵化法、饱和食盐水漂浮虫卵法等检测湖北荆州部分地区羊血吸虫感染情况。结果显示,血清学检查阳性率为16.88%,饱和食盐水漂浮虫卵法检查阳性率为17.46%,粪便毛蚴孵化法检查阳性率为13.57%。提示在血吸虫病的老疫区,羊血吸虫病以中、轻度感染居多。  相似文献   

10.
在近30年中,日本血吸虫病的诊断,已由粪便直接涂片或水洗沉淀检查虫卵,发展到了用粪便水洗沉淀或用尼龙筛淘洗孵化毛蚴,以毛蚴为病原诊断的高度,大大提高了阳性检出率。但是粪孵的操作烦琐,器具复杂,在观察中花费的时间与精力较大,为此经常出现了漏检和误诊的现象,对进一步提高阳性检出率带来了很大的困难,我们为了克服上述困难,在棉析  相似文献   

11.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

12.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

15.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
18.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

19.
The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.  相似文献   

20.
正We are pleased to publish the second special issue on avian brood parasitism and to be responsible guest editors for the two special issues of Chinese Birds (Vol. 3, No. 4, 2012 and Vol. 4, No. 1, 2013), entitled "Avian Brood Parasitism - A Growing Research Area in Behavioral Ecology". The first issue was published in December 2012. The goal of the two special issues is to publish accumulated knowledge and some of the recent developments in  相似文献   

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