三种氯霉素ELISA检测试剂盒评价

本试验选择三种氯霉素检测试剂盒(分别产于美国(A)、英国(B)和德国(G))及不同的前处理方法对牛奶及鸡肝组织中的氯霉素残留进行检测。从B／Bo-50％抑制浓度、检测范围、标准溶液浓度梯度、板内变异、板间变异、样品添加试验、实际样品检测等方面对三种试剂盒及前处理方法进行对比试验，结果表明试剂盒A、B、G对缓冲液配制的药物标准液的50％抑制浓度均低于1ng／mL；三种试剂盒的检测范围分别为0．1—2．0ng／mL(A)，0．14—21．0ng／mL(B)，0．05—4．05ng／mL(G)；板内变异系数均小于11．3％，板间变异系数均小于17．4％；样品回收率在70％-120％之间。     

两种克伦特罗ELISA试剂盒的比对试验

应用意大利Tecna公司和德国r-B iopharm公司的克伦特罗酶联免疫(ELISA)试剂盒检测猪尿样和猪肝样品,并对两者的标准曲线线性范围、斜率和B/B0抑制浓度、板内和板间变异系数、阳性检出率、回收率等进行了比对。结果表明,当阳性判定阈值设定在1.0~5.0 ng/mL范围时,2种试剂盒均能满足分析要求,对尿样检测Tecna试剂盒比r-B iopharm试剂盒的检测时间要短;但在检测低浓度克伦特罗的尿样时,r-B iop-harm试剂盒更好,对肝样检测Tecna试剂盒有优势。     

动物源性食品中齐帕特罗一步法ELISA试剂盒的研制

本研究依据直接竞争ELISA原理建立了齐帕特罗一步法ELISA试剂盒。以齐帕特罗与载体蛋白偶联物作为免疫原免疫新西兰大白兔制得齐帕特罗多克隆抗体,棋盘包被法确定其最佳抗体包被浓度、酶标抗原工作浓度、包被条件、反应时间、底物显色时间等,并对试剂盒的各项技术指标进行确认。结果表明,成功组装了齐帕特罗一步法ELISA试剂盒,并建立了尿液、饲料、奶粉和奶汁,以及组织等样品的前处理方法,检测限均远低于1 μg/kg。该试剂盒线性检测范围为0.15～10 ng/mL,IC₅₀浮动范围0.43～0.79 ng/mL,样品板内、批内、批间的变异系数均小于15%,平均回收率在70%～110%之间,与其同类药物的交叉反应率均小于0.1%。提示,本试验研制的试剂盒重复性、特异性、稳定性等各项指标均符合技术要求,可用于动物源性食品中齐帕特罗药物残留的检测。     

食品中呋哺妥因代谢物酶联免疫检测试剂盒的研制

目的:开发研制快速检测呋喃妥因代谢物的酶联免疫检测试剂盒.方法:依据直接竞争ELISA原理,采用棋盘包被法确定最佳抗体包被浓度和酶标抗原工作浓度、包被条件、反应时间、底物显色时间等,并对试剂盒的各项技术指标进行确认.结果:成功的组装了呋喃妥因的酶联免疫检测试剂盒,并建立了肌肉、肝脏、水产、蜂蜜等的前处理方法,检测限均远低于1μg／kg.该试剂盒线性检测范围为0～4.05ng／mL,IC50浮动范围0.30～0.60ng/mL,样品的板内、批内、批间的变异系数均小于15％,平均回收率在65％～90％之间,与其同类药物的交叉反应率均小于0.2％.结论:本研究研制的试剂盒重复性、再现性、特异性、稳定性各项指标均符合技术要求,可用于动物源性食品中呋喃妥因代谢物残留的检测.     

氯霉素竞争ELISA检测方法的研究

用抗氯霉素的MAb 2G2建立了检测氯霉素的竞争ELISA,对主要影响因素进行了研究,其回归方程为y=0.3522x+0.5939,相关系数为RZ=0.9906,检测线性范围为0.098 ng/mL～25 ng/mL,半数抑制浓度(IC50)为1.848 ng/mL.检测限为0.135 ng/mL.与氯霉素琥珀酸钠交叉反应率为143%,与其它结构类似物和常见抗菌素的交叉反应率均小于0.01%.批内和批间变异系数分别为4.98%和9.42%,牛奶样的平均添加回收率为101.31%.所建立的检测氯霉素竞争ELISA法,符合检测氯霉素残留的要求,为氯霉素残留快速检测试剂盒的研制奠定了基础.     

去氢甲睾酮ELISA试剂盒的研制

以实验室自主研发的一株能稳定分泌去氢甲睾酮单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株为基础,应用ELISA原理研制去氢甲睾酮残留快速检测试剂盒,并对试剂盒特性进行测定。结果表明,该试剂盒标准曲线的回归方程为y=-0.205 5x+0.516(R2=0.993 1),线性检测范围为0.1ng/mL～100ng/mL,半数抑制浓度(IC50)为3.20ng/mL,对猪肉加标样品的检测回收率在87.41%±5.44%～110.70%±2.05%之间,试剂盒检测与去氢甲睾酮结构类似物丙酸睾酮酯、群勃龙的交叉反应率均小于1%;试剂盒在4℃能稳定保存6个月。说明试剂盒能够应用于食品中残留去氢甲睾酮的快速检测。     

两种包被方法在克仑特罗ELISA检测试剂盒中应用的比较

通过对50%抑制浓度(IC50)、回收率和变异系数的测定,对比了常规法和微波法包被的酶联板在克仑特罗ELISA检测试剂盒中的应用.检验结果表明:常规法与微波法包被的酶联板的IC50分别为1.08和0.96μg/L,添加1μg/L克仑特罗猪尿的回收率分别为90%和86%.两种方法包被的酶联板的板内变异系数均小于8%,板间变异系数均小于12%.试验证明,在ELISA试验中,微波法包被具有常规法包被相当的应用效果.     

用于检测牛奶中噻苯咪唑ELISA检测试剂盒的研制

在噻苯咪唑(TBZ)单克隆抗体制备基础上,建立间接竞争酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)并组装试剂盒。结果表明,试剂盒标准曲线的线性范围为1.0⁸1.0μg/L,回归方程为Y=-2.104 8x+1.038 2(R2=0.999 8),抗体对TBZ 50%的抑制浓度为4.3μg/L;对牛奶中TBZ的最低检测限为40μg/L,牛奶样品的加标回收率范围在75.8%81.0μg/L,回归方程为Y=-2.104 8x+1.038 2(R2=0.999 8),抗体对TBZ 50%的抑制浓度为4.3μg/L;对牛奶中TBZ的最低检测限为40μg/L,牛奶样品的加标回收率范围在75.8%¹04.8%,批内变异系数范围为6.4%104.8%,批内变异系数范围为6.4%¹1.9%,批间变异系数范围为8.2%11.9%,批间变异系数范围为8.2%¹0.0%;TBZ试剂盒(TBZ-Kit)对TBZ特异性良好,并可在210.0%;TBZ试剂盒(TBZ-Kit)对TBZ特异性良好,并可在2⁸℃条件下保存至少360 d。该试剂盒各项指标符合相关技术要求,具有快速、灵敏、专一、稳定的特点。     

酶联免疫法测定鸡肝中氯霉素残留

运用酶联免疫检测试剂盒测定鸡肝中氯霉素的残留量.氯霉素标准液浓度在 0.025～2 μg/mL范围内线性良好,r=0.995 1,鸡肝中最低检测限为0.10 μg/kg.空白添加阳性样品浓度为0.1、0.5和1.0 μg/kg时,回收率分别为86.9%、89.1%和80.0%,板内变异系数<14.6%,板间变异系数<12.0%;本方法操作简单快捷、灵敏准确、方便实用,可作为鸡肝中氯霉素残留检测的快速筛选方法.     

磺胺二甲基嘧啶残留检测ELISA方法的研究

本实验对磺胺二甲嘧啶残留检测ELISA反应的各种条件进行了筛选优化,建立了直接竞争ELISA检测方法,该法最小检出量为1.97ng/mL,检测范围5ng/mL～200ng/mL,样品添加回收率为73.20%～91.16%,批内变异系数<5.5%,批间变异系数<9%。与美国进口Max Signal试剂盒相比较,灵敏度为100%,特异性为96.0%,两者的符合率为98.3%。     

检测牛乳κ-酪蛋白的间接竞争ELISA法与间接ELISA法比较

试验旨在建立一种快速简单检测牛乳κ-酪蛋白（κ-CN）含量的酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）方法,为解决牛乳蛋白掺假问题提供一定的技术支持。以牛乳κ-CN为包被抗原,以酶标抗体（HRP-IgG）为检测抗体分别建立间接竞争ELISA法和间接ELISA法,并对两种检测方法进行分析比较。结果表明：对于间接竞争ELISA法,κ-CN抗原包被浓度为2.5 μg/mL,线性范围为62.5~1 000.0 ng/mL,变异系数< 2%,回收率在98.46%~101.68%;对于间接ELISA法,κ-CN抗原包被浓度为1.56 μg/mL,线性范围为0.098~3.125 μg/mL,变异系数< 1%,回收率在99.10%~101.06%。比较两种检测方法,间接竞争ELISA法检测耗时较短,抗体应用量较少,而间接法不需要包被成本较高的目标标准蛋白,相关系数也较高,但其检测体系组成成分较多,且需包被待测样品,较难组成ELISA试剂盒体系,不宜用于现场检测。因此,大规模制备ELISA试剂盒体系用于快速检测蛋白含量时可采用间接竞争法,不仅抗体应用量少、节约成本且快速、简单,可更好地用于科研实践。     

黄曲霉毒素B1残留ELISA试剂盒的研制及应用

本研究采用间接竞争酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测黄曲霉毒素B₁(aflatoxins B₁,AFB₁)残留量。将AFB₁与蛋白质载体牛血清蛋白(BSA)和卵清白蛋白(OVA)偶联制备了AFB₁-BSA和AFB₁-OVA偶联物,以AFB₁-BSA作为免疫原制备特异性抗体,并成功建立了AFB₁残留间接竞争ELISA检测方法及检测试剂盒。试剂盒IC₅₀为128.8 ng/L,检测线性范围为50~1800 ng/L,检测限不超过100 ng/kg;食用油、花生和谷物的平均添加回收率大于71.3%,批内、批间变异系数均小于14.2%。因此,本试剂盒具有操作简便、检测快速、灵敏度高等特点,将在植物性食品中AFB₁的残留检测中发挥重要作用。     

Development and clinical evaluation of a rapid diagnostic kit for feline leukemia virus infection

Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) causes a range of neoplastic and degenerative diseases in cats. To obtain a more sensitive and convenient diagnosis of the disease, we prepared monoclonal antibodies specific for the FeLV p27 to develop a rapid diagnostic test with enhanced sensitivity and specificity. Among these antibodies, we identified two clones (hybridomas 8F8B5 and 8G7D1) that specifically bound to FeLV and were very suitable for a diagnostic kit. The affinity constants for 8F8B5 and 8G7D1 were 0.35 × 10⁹ and 0.86 × 10⁹, respectively. To investigate the diagnostic abilities of the rapid kit using these antibodies, we performed several clinical studies. Assessment of analytical sensitivity revealed that the detection threshold of the rapid diagnostic test was 2 ng/mL for recombinant p27 and 12.5 × 10⁴ IU/mL for FeLV. When evaluating 252 cat sera samples, the kit was found to have a kappa value of 0.88 compared to polymerase chain reaction (PCR), indicating a significant correlation between data from the rapid diagnostic test and PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of the kit were 95.2% (20/21) and 98.5% (257/261), respectively. Our results demonstrated that the rapid diagnostic test would be a suitable diagnostic tool for the rapid detection of FeLV infection in cats.     

水牛发情期唾液生殖激素和结晶与卵泡发育的关系

本研究旨在探明水牛唾液生殖激素、唾液结晶和卵泡发育变化的规律。应用ELISA试剂盒测定水牛唾液和血清中的生殖激素,制作唾液结晶,并分析生殖激素和唾液结晶与卵泡变化的关系。运用唾液结晶法、直肠检查法、唾液结晶+B超法、直肠检查+B超法4种方法在生产中进行验证。结果表明,水牛发情当天唾液雌激素（E₂）的水平为233.51 pg/mL,达到一个峰值,随后开始缓慢降低。水牛唾液中孕激素（P₄）水平在发情前2 d达到16.17 ng/mL,发情当天降到8.91 ng/mL。促卵泡素（FSH）在水牛发情前2 d逐渐下降,从37.91 ng/mL降到34.64 ng/mL,但在发情2 d后逐渐升高,达到61.20 ng/mL。促黄体素（LH）在发情前1 d逐渐下降,从5.15 ng/mL降至发情当天4.12 ng/mL,但在发情1 d后升至5.77 ng/mL。B超监测卵巢卵泡从发情前2 d迅速生长,到发情当天达到20 mm大小,直到破裂排卵卵泡的大小变化不显著。排卵后形成黄体,黄体期一直维持到下次发情前4 d左右,期间在发情后14~17 d的黄体最大,与水牛唾液中LH分泌峰一致。唾液结晶+B超鉴定方法判定的发情率最高（86.67%）,与其他几种方法比较差异显著（P<0.05）;妊娠诊断结果也表明,唾液结晶+B超鉴定方法判定的妊娠率（61.53%）显著高于直肠检查法、唾液结晶法和直肠检查+B超法3种方法鉴定的结果（P<0.05）。综上所述,卵巢上卵泡的发育与唾液中生殖激素的浓度显著相关,发情当天唾液结晶呈现典型的树枝状,唾液结晶+B超法的发情鉴定准确率最高。     

化学发光直接竞争免疫分析法检测猪尿中莱克多巴胺残留

本试验研究建立了猪尿中莱克多巴胺（Ractopamine, RAC）残留的直接竞争化学发光免疫检测方法。合成了莱克多巴胺和辣根过氧化物酶的偶联物（RAC-HRP）,方法的检测限为0.09 ng/mL,空白猪尿中添加浓度为0.5、10和100 ng/mL RAC时,检测范围为0.3～157.0 ng/mL;回收率为76.3%～87.6%,批内变异系数为10.0%～12.2%,批间变异系数为14.2%～15.2%。     

Evaluation of assays for troponin I in healthy horses and horses with cardiac disease

Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is a marker for detection of myocardial damage in horses. Many cTnI assays exist and medical studies have shown that the clinical performance of assays differs. The aim of this study was to compare two different cTnI assays in horses. Serum samples were taken from 23 healthy horses (group 1) and 72 horses with cardiac disease (group 2). Cardiac troponin I was determined using assay 1 in laboratory A (limit of detection, LOD, 0.03 ng/mL) and assay 2 in laboratories B and C (LOD 0.01 ng/mL). In group 1, a median cTnI concentration of <0.03 (<0.03–0.04) ng/mL and <0.01 (<0.01–0.15) ng/mL was found with assays 1 and 2, respectively. A higher median value was demonstrated in group 2 for both assays (assay 1: 0.11 ng/mL, range 0.03–58.27 ng/mL, P < 0.001; assay 2: 0.02 ng/mL, range 0.01–22.87 ng/mL, P = 0.044). Although a significant correlation between assays existed, large mean differences that could be important for clinical interpretation of test results were found. A small mean difference was found between laboratories B and C. A significant optimal (P < 0.001) cut-off value for detection of cardiac disease could only be determined for assay 1 (0.035 ng/mL, sensitivity 70%, specificity 91%). Assay 1 performed better for detection of cardiac disease in horses in this study.     

Serum progesterone concentrations using P-EIA kit in captive and free-ranging Hokkaido brown bears, Ursus arctos yesoensis.

Serum progesterone (P) concentrations using P-EIA kit (Ovucheck, Cambridge Life Science Co., Ltd.) were examined in 8 captive and 7 free-ranging female Hokkaido brown bears (Ursus arctos yesoensis). The intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 8.9%, 12.6% and 16.6%, 22.7%, respectively, based on 2 serum samples. There was a significant correlation between EIA and radioimmunoassay results based on 64 serum samples (r = 0.725; p less than 0.01). Serum P concentrations were examined in 5 pregnant, 2 solitary non-pregnant bears and a lactating non-pregnant bear in captivity. Annual changes of P levels in pregnant bears were observed as a small elevation during the mating season (May-June), a re-elevation in September-October and a sharp elevation in November-December. The sharp elevation was suspected to reflect changes when implantation occurred. Annual changes of P levels in solitary non-pregnant bears were similar to those in pregnant bears. An annual change of P levels in a lactating non-pregnant bear maintained levels under 5 ng/ml. Two of 7 free-ranging bears exhibited P levels over 1 ng/ml and the birth of cubs was confirmed in the following year in 1 of the 2 bears. P concentrations of other free-ranging bears exhibited less than 1 ng/ml, and these bears were considered to be non-pregnant. It was concluded that P-EIA kit was available for measuring P concentrations in Hokkaido brown bears.