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1.
热应激对动物血液生化指标的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文论述了热应激对动物某些血液生化指标的影响,并且从血液中有关的酶、血糖、总蛋白、清蛋白等方面的变化分析了热应激作用机理.  相似文献   

2.
随着热应激对养鸡业的危害日益突出,在现有饲养管理条件下应用抗热应激添加剂是一条消除或缓解热应激的有效途径。用中草药缓解热应激,具有不良反应小、残留量低、来源广、效果好等特点。文章综述了中草药抗热应激剂对鸡生长性能、血液生化指标、鸡蛋品质、鸡精液、鸡免疫功能及热应激蛋白基因表达的影响,并对以后的发展方向和研究趋势进行了展望。  相似文献   

3.
中度热应激对荷斯坦牛部分血液生化指标的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
本研究测定了中国荷斯坦牛分别在中度热应激、无热应激状态下的23个血液生化指标,结果表明:在中度热应激(THI=82.06)状态下,试验牛血液的总蛋白(TP)含量、红细胞数(RBC)、平均血红蛋白(MCH)含量、红细胞压积(HCT)与无热应激组差异显著(P<0.05);血清肌酐(CRE)含量、胆固醇(CHO)含量、淀粉酶(AMY)含量、红细胞平均血红蛋白(MCHC)含量、白细胞数(WBC)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)6项血液生化指标与无热应激组差异极显著(P<0.01),其余13个生化指标两组间差异不显著.同时对结果进行了分析讨论,希望能为科学防控奶牛热应激提供参考思路和基础数据.  相似文献   

4.
为探讨热应激时间对小鼠心肌损伤的影响及其具体作用机制,本试验通过不同的高温(41℃)时间(0、1、2、3 h)处理小鼠,通过酶联免疫、放射免疫、组织学方法以及Western Blot,检测小鼠血清生化指标、心肌组织病理变化以及内质网应激蛋白的表达。结果表明:随着热应激时间的延长,血液中的CK、CK-MB、LDH和COR都呈上升趋势,热应激组显著高于常温对照组,且应激组间差异显著(P<0.05);光镜和电镜发现热应激小鼠心肌纤维、肌细胞等都不同程度地受损,心肌细胞凋亡、线粒体空泡化、内质网肿胀等程度加剧。Western Blot结果表明,内质网应激蛋白BiP和CHOP随着热应激时间延长表达量逐渐升高。综上,内质网应激可能参与了热应激导致的小鼠心肌损伤。  相似文献   

5.
研究不同强度热应激对肉鸡感官性状、血液生化指标和热休克蛋白(Hsp)108mRNA表达的影响,将80只30日龄的AA肉鸡随机分为4组,每组20只,对照组环境温度为(25±1)℃,其他3组受试鸡的环境温度迅速上升至(33±1)℃、(37±1)℃、(41±1)℃,并分别持续4h的热应激处理。宰杀后测定鸡胸肉的pH值、滴水损失、肉色和剪切力,利用临床血液病理学和荧光定量PCR的方法,检测宰前不同强度热应激对肉鸡血液生化指标及肌肉、心脏和肝脏中hsp108mRNA表达水平的影响。结果显示,宰前热应激明显降低宰后肉鸡胸肉的pH30min、pH24h和a*值,明显提高宰后肉鸡滴水损失、L*值和剪切力;随热应激温度升高,血清中肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和丙二醛(MDA)活性逐渐升高,碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性逐渐降低;hsp108mRNA表达水平大部分呈现下降的趋势,除了心脏33℃组表达量明显增高,其他应激组表达量均有所降低。建立的荧光定量PCR体系特异性好,灵敏度高,符合检测热休克蛋白mRNA转录水平的要求,表明热休克蛋白可作为热应激的一个敏感指标。  相似文献   

6.
热应激导致鸡体温上升和采食量下降。几种神经肽和氨基酸对采食调节具有重要作用。然而,神经肽和氨基酸在应激引起的采食调控中的作用机理还不明确。本研究中,选择14日龄的鸡暴露于高温环境(HT;40±1℃持续2h或者5h)或者对照控温组(CT;30±1℃),测定下丘脑中与采食相关的几种神经肽的mRNA表达,以及脑和血液中游离氨基酸的浓度。结果表明,热应激显著提高了直肠温度和血液中皮质酮水平,抑制了采食。热应激提高了神经肽Y和野灰位点信号蛋白(ASIP)前体mRNA的表达,但是前阿黑皮素原、胆囊收缩素、饥饿素、促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素前体mRAN表达并无明显变化。进一步研究间脑的游离氨基酸浓度(色氨酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸和丝氨酸),发现热应激组显著高于对照组,且血液中氨基酸浓度也有变化。热应激诱导神经肽Y和野灰位点信号蛋白表达,并使一些氨基酸浓度产生变化,表明这些变化可能是引起采食下降的原因或结果。  相似文献   

7.
为研究音乐对缓解肉鸡热应激损伤的作用,将400只21日龄罗斯308肉鸡随机分为4个处理(室温组、音乐组、热应激组、热应激+音乐组),每个处理5个重复,每个重复20只,试验期为21 d。试验结束,随机选择20只(每个重复1只)进行内脏器官指数、抗氧化酶活性和热休克蛋白表达分析。结果显示:音乐能帮助热应激肉鸡肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性、过氧化氢酶活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)维持正常,并能在一定程度上缓解热应激对肉鸡血液丙二醛含量、T-AOC活性、超氧化物歧化酶活性的影响,且能改善热休克蛋白表达水平。结果表明,音乐可以在一定程度上改善环境高温对肉鸡生产的影响。  相似文献   

8.
<正>热应激不仅会导致奶牛生产性能和繁殖性能降低,还能引起一些血液激素及热休克蛋白70(HSP70)浓度的变化。近年来,国内外关于奶牛热应激的机理研究已有大量的文献报道,但关于热应激对不同泌乳阶段奶牛血清激素及HSP70浓度影响的研究报道较少,且研究结果不尽相同。因此,本试验旨在研究热应激对不同泌乳阶段奶牛生产性能、血清激素和HSP70浓度的影响,为进一步揭示奶牛热应激的发生机理及合理制订缓解奶牛热应激的  相似文献   

9.
试验旨在探讨热应激对湘黄鸡血液生化指标的影响。将30日龄80只湘黄鸡随机分为2组:对照组饲养室温度(22±1)℃,相对湿度40%~50%;热应激组饲养室温度(31±2)℃,相对湿度80%~90%。试验期为15 d。试验结束时,翅静脉采血,测血液生化指标。结果显示:热应激组血清葡萄糖、丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶、尿素氮、Mg~(2+)及Cl~-显著高于对照组(P0.05),血液总蛋白、球蛋白、K~+、磷、CO_2分压显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结果提示,热应激导致湘黄鸡血清离子浓度及体内营养物质代谢发生改变。  相似文献   

10.
为了研究中药复方添加剂在夏季高温热应激条件下对锦江黄牛血液生化指标的影响。试验选取15头8月龄,210 kg左右的锦江黄牛,分为热应激组、中药1组和中药2组三个组别,每组5头牛。中药1组和中药2组精料各添加2%的中草药制剂。结果显示,在热应激后的第20 d,中药复方1组试验牛血糖水平比热应激组极显著下降(P<0.01),中药复方2组显著低于热应激组(P<0.05)。血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白含量,中药1组与热应激组间无显著差异;中药2组在第20 d时血清总蛋白、球蛋白水平显著高于热应激组(P<0.05),白蛋白含量在第60 d极显著高于热应激组。尿素氮水平:中药1组和中药2组在热应激第20、40 d与热应激组间无显著差异,在第60 d显著高于热应激组。这表明,添加中药复方1和复方2均能降低因热应激而升高的肉牛血糖水平,缓解肉牛的热应激。中药复方2能提高锦江黄牛血清中的总蛋白、球蛋白含量,促进机体蛋白质合成,增强机体免疫力,且效果优于复方1。  相似文献   

11.
A significantly lower alkaline phosphatase activity was recorded in the arterial blood of cows with higher milk efficiency. They also had higher sugar contents in their blood: highly significantly in arterial blood and significantly in venous blood after milking. As to the other blood components, the differences are low and insignificant. A significant positive relationship between the daily milk yield and the content of ash in blood (mainly in venous blood before milking), highly significant positive relationship between protein content in arterial blood and daily milk yield, and significant to highly significant negative relationship between the activity of alkaline phosphatase in arterial and venous blood before milking and the level of gamma-globulins in arterial blood were recorded in the group of cows with higher milk output. In the group of cows with lower milk production, significant to highly significant negative relationships were obtained between protein content in blood and the daily milk yield (in arterial and venous blood before milking).  相似文献   

12.
首次检测了黑麂血液常规和生理生化等23项指标,并与鹿科梅花鹿做了比较。测定结果显示,黑麂的红细胞、血小板、血红蛋白、红细胞比容高于梅花鹿指标,而白细胞、红细胞体积、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度、平均血红蛋白量、红细胞体积分布宽度指标低于梅花鹿指标。黑麂白细胞分类结果显示,白细胞和单核细胞约占90%;嗜酸性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞所占百分比各占约2%。黑麂血清生化指标测定结果显示,总胆固醇和血糖两项指标高于梅花鹿的指标;甘油三酯(TG)及极低密度脂蛋白(VLDI-C)含量显著高于梅花鹿。检测结果反映了黑麂的机体生理机能,是进行疾病临床诊断和治疗的依据。  相似文献   

13.
Generation of blood glucose curves is essential to monitor glycemic control in dogs and cats with diabetes mellitus. Up till now blood collection and blood glucose measurements could only be performed in a hospital. However, glucose concentrations measured in a hospital environment can markedly differ from concentrations measured at home, due to reduced appetite, different activity level and stressful handling. At the Clinic of Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich, a new method to collect capillary blood from the ear and to measure blood glucose by means of a portable glucose meter has been developed. This method enables owners of diabetic dogs or cats to determine blood glucose concentrations and generate blood glucose curves at home. Three cases demonstrate, how much blood glucose concentrations at home may differ from those in the hospital and how home monitoring can help to establish diabetic control in dogs and cats.  相似文献   

14.
We used a total of 680 pigs to compare spray-dried blood meal and blood cells in nursery diets. In Exp. 1, 350 barrows (17 +/- 2 d of age at weaning) were used to compare three levels of spray-dried blood meal or blood cells (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5%) in the diet fed from d 5 to 19 postweaning (6.6 to 9.9 kg). Inclusion of either blood product improved ADG (P < 0.005) and G:F (P < 0.001) compared to pigs fed the control diet without added blood products. However, pigs fed spray-dried blood meal had greater ADG (P < 0.001), ADFI (P < 0.04), and G:F (P < 0.001) from d 0 to 7 compared to those fed blood cells. The greatest differences observed between the two blood products occurred at the 5 and 7.5% inclusion levels. No differences (P > 0.05) in growth performance were detected between the two blood products from d 7 to 14. In Exp. 2, 380 barrows (initial BW of 10.7 kg and 41 +/- 2 d of age) were used to determine lysine bioavailability of spray-dried blood meal and blood cells via the slope ratio procedure. With G:F ratio as the response criterion, blood meal and blood cells had similar lysine bioavailability relative to crystalline lysine. These experiments indicate that both blood products had similar lysine bioavailability, and that pigs fed spray-dried blood meal had greater performance during the initial 7 d (d 5 to 12 after weaning). However, as the pigs became heavier, there were no differences observed in performance of pigs fed either blood meal or blood cells.  相似文献   

15.
To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of 2 commercial test kits for detection of occult blood in canine feces, various volumes of blood were administered to 6 dogs via orogastric tube. Blood volumes tested were chosen on the basis of hemoglobin quantities of 5, 10, 20, 200, 350, and 500 mg of hemoglobin/kg of body weight. Fecal specimens were collected twice daily and analyzed separately by 2 observers for the presence of occult blood by use of modified guaiac and orthotolodine tablet tests, and for melena by visual inspection. Five dogs given blood at the rate of 500 mg of hemoglobin/kg and 1 dog given blood at the rate of 350 mg of hemoglobin/kg developed melena. Results of both occult blood tests were positive in 2 of 6 dogs given blood at the rate of 5 mg of hemoglobin/kg. Five of 6, and 4 of 6 dogs given blood at the rate of 10 mg hemoglobin/kg had positive test results by modified guaiac and orthotolodine methods, respectively. Results of both methods were positive in all dogs given blood at the rate of 20 mg of hemoglobin/kg. There was 86% agreement between the 2 observers' results for the modified guaiac method, and 78% agreement for the orthotolodine method. There was 77% agreement of results between the 2 test methods. Gastrointestinal transit time decreased with increasing volumes of blood. Occult blood testing was found to be useful for detection of blood in feces at volumes 20 to 50 times less than that required to cause melena.  相似文献   

16.
输血疗法是救治动物的一种有效措施.论文介绍了输血的适应症与禁忌症,奶牛和犬的血型,供血奶牛和犬的选择,血液的采集及输血方法,并结合临床病例就输血中的注意事项和体会进行了总结.  相似文献   

17.
Storage of peripheral blood from Mycobacterium bovis-sensitized cattle from 1 to 48 hours at 4, 22, and 37 C was shown not to alter markedly the lymphocyte blastogenic response to M bovis-purified protein derivative. Concanavalin A-induced lymphocyte mitogenic responses were unaffected by storage of blood for 1, 24, or 48 hours at 22 C and 37 C; however, storage of blood for 48 hours at 4 C significantly lowered (P less than 0.05) mitogenic responses to concanavalin A, as compared with responses to blood kept at 22 C. Mononuclear cell recovery from stored blood at all temperatures was markedly less than that from freshly drawn blood samples. Cell recoveries were most affected by storage of blood at 4 C and 37 C.  相似文献   

18.
This assay was aimed to determine the blood physiological and biochemical parameters in the mini-pigs bred by China Agricultural University which was named Chinese experimental mini-pigs,so as to provide the basis for mini-pigs as human disease models.Nine physiological blood paramaters and twenty two biochemical blood paramaters in Chinese experimental mini-pigs aged 1,3,6 and 12 months were measured using the automatic biochemical analyzer.The blood parameters between males and females in the same month were compared. The results showed among the blood physiological and biochemical parameters,only RDW and CREA showed significant difference between male and female pigs in the same month in Chinese experimental mini-pigs (P<0.05). Some blood parameters in Chinese experimental mini-pigs were similar to those in Bama mini-pig, Guizhou mini-pig and Wuzhishan mini-pig.The blood physiological and biochemical parameters in Chinese experimental mini-pig were very stable.Compared with human beings,four of nine physiological blood paramaters and fifteen of twenty-two biochemical blood paramaters in Chinese experimental mini-pigs were similar.  相似文献   

19.
选择300只28日龄、体重(1142.68±50.64) g的豁眼鹅,随机分为3组,每组设5个重复,每个重复20只鹅,进行为期28 d的饲养试验。在3组日粮中分别添加1.5%、3.0%、4.5%的膨化血粉,研究不同水平的膨化血粉对生长鹅日粮营养物质表观代谢率及血清生化指标的影响。结果表明:①各日粮营养物质表观代谢率以3.0%膨化血粉组最高,与1.5%膨化血粉组和4.5%膨化血粉组相比,ADF、CP的表观代谢率显著提高(P<0.05);NDF、E的表观代谢率,3.0%膨化血粉组显著高于4.5%膨化血粉组(P<0.05);各营养物质表观代谢率在1.5%膨化血粉组和4.5%膨化血粉组间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。②血清中ALT、AST、ALB、GLOB和TP 5个指标均以3.0%膨化血粉组最高,但各组间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。综合各项指标,本试验条件下,豁眼生长鹅日粮中膨化血粉的最适添加量为3.0%。  相似文献   

20.
The purpose of this review was to provide the reader with an updated overview of small animal transfusion medicine, and an approach to integrating it into private practice, based on a review of the veterinary and human literature spanning the last 3 decades. Electronic, online databases that were searched included CAB International and Medline; multiple keywords or subject headings were searched that were appropriate to each of the sections reviewed: canine and feline blood groups, blood-typing and crossmatching, donors, blood collection, storage, blood components, blood transfusion, blood component therapy, blood substitutes, and adverse reactions. The safe use of blood component therapy requires knowledge of blood groups and antibody prevalence, and knowledge of the means to minimize the risk of adverse reactions by including the use of proper donors and screening assays that facilitate detection of serological incompatibility. The 2 assays available to the practitioner are crossmatching, which is readily done in-house, and blood typing. Blood typing is available in the form of a commercial testing kit, through use of purchased reagents, or via a request to an external laboratory. The risk of potentially fatal adverse reactions is higher in cats than in dogs. The decision to transfuse and the type of product to administer depend on several factors, such as the type of anemia and the size of the animal. In conclusion, transfusion medicine has become more feasible in small animal practice, with improved access to blood products through either on-site donors, the purchase of blood bank products, external donor programs, or the availability of blood component substitutes.  相似文献   

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