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1.
Xiaokai Song Lixin XuRuofeng Yan Xinmei HuangMohammed Ali A. Shah Xiangrui Li 《Veterinary parasitology》2009
The immunization procedure of DNA vaccine pcDNA–TA4–IL-2 of Eimeria tenella, including route, dose, time of immunization and age of primary immunization of chicken, was optimized. The stability and the cross-species protection of the vaccine were also analyzed. Efficacy of immunization was evaluated on the basis of oocyst decrease ratio, lesion score, body-weight gain and the anti-coccidial index (ACI). Chinese Yellow chickens were randomly distributed into corresponding groups (30/group). The challenged, unchallenged and vector control groups were designed. The results illustrated that 25 μg was the optimal dose and intramuscular injection was the most effective route to induce protective immunity. There were no significant differences of ACIs between boosting and non-boosting groups. Storage time and temperature had little effect on the immunizing efficacy of the vaccine. The vaccine could provide partial cross-protection against the challenge with E. necatrix and E. acervulina, but not with E. maxima. 相似文献
2.
Ola Syrstad 《Livestock Production Science》1985,12(4):299-307
Data extracted from reports on Bos taurus × Bos indicus crossbreeding were used to estimate the amount of heterosis in these crosses. Traits studied were age at first calving, milk yield, lactation length, and calving interval. The estimates obtained were (percent of midparent means in parentheses):
Age at first calving | ?3.2 to ?4.4 months | (?8 to ?12%) |
Milk yield | 287 to 400 kg | (18 to 25%) |
Lactation length | 7 to 15 days | (2 to 5%) |
Calving interval | ?30 to ?31 days | (?7%) |