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目前,我国猪瘟活疫苗效力检验最常用的方法是测定猪瘟疫苗中病毒的兔体感染量(RID),但是用该方法易受到检验兔品种、个体和饲养环境的影响。为了探索一种不依赖动物的疫苗效力检验新方法,本研究将待检猪瘟活疫苗系列稀释后分别接种易感细胞,使用抗原捕获ELISA、RT-nest PCR和RT-PCR三种方法检测不同稀释度疫苗中活病毒在感染细胞后增殖的子代病毒,计算疫苗病毒的最高细胞感染剂量,建立了猪瘟疫苗病毒的细胞感染量(CID)的效力检验方法。结果显示:疫苗中活病毒粒子越多,CID就越高;对不同类型猪瘟疫苗的检测结果表明,该方法适用于传代细胞源和细胞源猪瘟活疫苗的效力效检。使用CID和RID两种检测方法同时对12批猪睾丸传代细胞源(传代细胞源)和3批牛睾丸原代细胞源(细胞源)猪瘟活疫苗进行了比对效检,结果表明,用CID测定方法检验,12批猪瘟活疫苗(传代细胞源)每头份均含105CID,3批猪瘟活疫苗(细胞源)每头份含量均为104CID;用兔子感染体温测定法,12批猪瘟活疫苗(传代细胞源)每头份含量在2.6×104~3.0×104RID之间,3批猪瘟活疫苗(细胞源)每头份含7.0×103~8.0×103RID。试验证明:本实验室建立的CID检测结果与现有质量标准RID的结果存在良好的相关性,能够较好反映疫苗中活病毒的含量,有望成为RID的替代方法。 相似文献
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1传统疫苗学的发展自Dames Phipps发明牛痘疫苗后,各类疫苗如炭疽、狂犬、猪瘟、流感疫苗等的相继出现,极大地改善了人和动物的健康状况,有效抑制了许多疾病的流行和传播。伴随着近几十年来微生物学、免疫学、分子生物学等的发展,疫苗研究也取得了长足的进步和突破。在最初弱毒 相似文献
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《中国兽医杂志》2020,(5)
为了评价猪瘟E2亚单位疫苗单剂量免疫效果,本试验在试验猪场用猪瘟E2亚单位疫苗与猪瘟减毒活疫苗分别免疫供试猪,并定期测定猪瘟病毒抗体。饲养至24周龄时,每组随机选取5头运至检验动物房,用猪瘟石门系强毒进行人工感染。根据试验猪攻毒后临床症状、病理剖检和猪瘟抗原、抗体检测结果,比较分析了猪瘟E2亚单位疫苗单剂量免疫保护力。结果显示,对照组的试验猪攻毒后12 d内全部死亡,并表现出典型的猪瘟症状和病理变化;免疫猪全部存活,未见猪瘟症状和肉眼可见的组织器官病变,血样的猪瘟抗原ELISA检测结果均为阴性。结果表明,猪瘟E2亚单位疫苗单剂量免疫1次后,24周仍能为靶动物提供可靠的免疫保护效力,与猪瘟减毒活疫苗2次免疫的保护效力相当。 相似文献
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猪瘟活疫苗(脾淋源)污染外源性兔出血症病毒的检测与启示 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
在进行2批猪瘟活疫苗(脾淋源)效力检验时,出现效力检验家兔突然死亡现象,为了查明家兔死亡原因,采用无菌检验、支原体检验、血凝试验、兔体中和试验、酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对疫苗或注苗后死亡家兔肝脏、脾脏混合病料进行了检测。结果显示,疫苗的无菌检验、支原体检验结果均为阴性;疫苗及注射疫苗死亡家兔肝脏、脾脏混合病料具有较低的血凝价,血凝试验结果均为可疑;在兔体中和试验中,中和组家兔2/2健康存活,未中和的疫苗对照组家兔2/2死亡;疫苗及注射疫苗死亡后家兔肝脏、脾脏混合病料的ELISA检测结果均为阳性。检测结果证实疫苗中含有兔出血症病毒(Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus,RHDV)。猪瘟活疫苗(脾淋源)污染RHDV的现象启示:应该加强猪瘟活疫苗(脾淋源)抗原制备过程的控制;同时有必要对猪瘟活疫苗(脾淋源)质量标准进行修订使之进一步补充完善。 相似文献
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用RT-PCR方法与兔体检验法对40份猪瘟病毒液进行效力检验的对比实验,结果表明,RT-PCR方法可用于猪瘟活疫苗细胞毒液效力检验,并具有快速、简便和检验结果不受外界环境影响的优点。 相似文献
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中国圈养野生动物疫苗使用调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2005年对中国动物园协会单位中的18家动物园饲养野生动物疫苗免疫情况进行调查。受调查动物园在野生动物疫苗使用和动物种类方面具有一定的代表性。调查结果显示动物园动物现共使用18类36种疫苗,预防31种疫病。其中哺乳动物使用14类24种疫苗,预防24种疫病;禽类使用4类12种疫苗,预防7种疫病。使用范围最广的有禽流感、犬瘟热疫苗等、新城疫疫苗、猫瘟热疫苗等。共有24目58科动物接种疫苗,其中食肉动物类1目8科,食草动物类3目9科,杂食动物类2目3科,禽类18目38科。研究结果提示应加强动物园之间疫病信息交流、防疫资源的利用、疫病监测和研究,加大对动物园动物疫病的研究投入,逐步建立动物园动物统一的防疫规程。 相似文献
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Krizsan SJ Nyholm L Nousiainen J Südekum KH Huhtanen P 《Journal of animal science》2012,90(9):3162-3173
The objective of this study was to compare the application of different in vitro and in situ methods in empirical and mechanistic predictions of in vivo OM digestibility (OMD) and their associations to near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy spectra for a variety of forages. Apparent in vivo OMD of silages made from alfalfa (n = 2), corn (n = 9), corn stover (n = 2), grass (n = 11), whole crops of wheat and barley (n = 8) and red clover (n = 7), and fresh alfalfa (n = 1), grass hays (n = 5), and wheat straws (n = 5) had previously been determined in sheep. Concentrations of indigestible NDF (iNDF) in all forage samples were determined by a 288-h ruminal in situ incubation. Gas production of isolated forage NDF was measured by in vitro incubations for 72 h. In vitro pepsin-cellulase OM solubility (OMS) of the forages was determined by a 2-step gravimetric digestion method. Samples were also subjected to a 2-step determination of in vitro OMD based on buffered rumen fluid and pepsin. Further, rumen fluid digestible OM was determined from a single 96-h incubation at 38°C. Digestibility of OM from the in situ and the in vitro incubations was calculated according to published empirical equations, which were either forage specific or general (1 equation for all forages) within method. Indigestible NDF was also used in a mechanistic model to predict OMD. Predictions of OMD were evaluated by residual analysis using the GLM procedure in SAS. In vitro OMS in a general prediction equation of OMD did not display a significant forage-type effect on the residuals (observed - predicted OMD; P = 0.10). Predictions of OMD within forage types were consistent between iNDF and the 2-step in vitro method based on rumen fluid. Root mean square error of OMD was least (0.032) when the prediction was based on a general forage equation of OMS. However, regenerating a simple regression for iNDF by omitting alfalfa and wheat straw reduced the root mean square error of OMD to 0.025. Indigestible NDF in a general forage equation predicted OMD without any bias (P ≥ 0.16), and root mean square error of prediction was smallest among all methods when alfalfa and wheat straw samples were excluded. Our study suggests that compared with the in vitro laboratory methods, iNDF used in forage-specific equations will improve overall predictions of forage in vivo OMD. The in vitro and in situ methods performed equally well in calibrations of iNDF or OMD by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy. 相似文献
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Tatyana I. KOCHAN 《Integrative zoology》2006,1(2):67-69
The study was conducted on six reindeers in December. It was established that concentration of reducing sugars in the chyme of jejunum increases substantially (6 times in comparison with abomasum), whereas concentration cellulose, on the contrary, decreases (4.5 times). The maximal increase of monosaccharides in the small intestine testifies to formation of metabolic fund of sugars in this part of the alimentary tract due to high degree of polysaccharides hydrolysis of exogenous, as well as endogenous, microbial formation. Obtained data assume that the need of the reindeer for glucose is provided for not only by gluconeogenesis as it was considered before, but also by absorption of monosaccharides from the alimentary tract. 相似文献
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昆明小鼠卵母细胞体外成熟培养条件优化 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对不同的培养液(M199、mDPBS、TYH)和培养液添加物对小鼠C级卵母细胞体外发育和成熟的影响进行了研究。结果表明,mDPBS培养液的培养效果(GVBD:19.8%,PBI:12.3%)好于(P〈0.05)M199培养液(GVBD:13.3%,PBI:8.9%)和TYH培养液(GVBD:12.3%,PBI:7.4%);mDPBS中添加丙酮酸钠和FCS(GVBD:100%,PBI:86.3%)明显优于(P〈0.01)单纯添加丙酮酸钠(GVBD:42.9%,PBI:23.8%),也明显优于(P〈0.01)添加丙酮酸钠+BSA(GVBD:63.2%,PBI:53.8%);就A、B和C级3种卵母细胞相比,C级卵母细胞的成熟发育最佳,GVBD的发生率为100.0%,PBI的排出率为86.2%。 相似文献
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大庆市羊东毕吸虫病流行病学调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对大庆市羊东毕吸虫病的流行病学进行了调查研究。结果表明,大庆有3种东毕吸虫,即程氏东毕吸虫(O.cheni)、土耳其斯坦东毕吸虫(O.turkestanica)和土耳斯坦东毕吸虫结节变种(O.turkestanican var.thuberculata);中间宿主螺类有1种,即卵萝卜螺;东毕吸虫病在大庆分布很广,所调查的4区2县均有发生,羊东毕吸虫平均感染率分别为50.33%,平均死亡率为21.12%,大庆羊急性病例发病时间为8月上旬至10月下旬,慢性病例为11月上旬至翌年2月中旬。 相似文献
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中国野生动物驯养与繁殖法律制度的缺陷与完善 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
野生动物驯养繁殖在世界野生动物资源保护中具有重要作用,有关野生动物驯养繁殖的法律制度也成为各国野生动物资源保护立法的主要内容。本文针对目前中国野生动物驯养繁殖的立法现状与存在问题,提出完善中国野生动物驯养繁殖的国内法对策,以推进中国野生动物资源保护立法的发展。 相似文献