生态养殖与乡村旅游的融合模式研究

随着生活水平和生活质量的提升,人们开始注重生态养殖和旅游业的发展,探索休闲、娱乐、观光一体化的经营模式。生态养殖和乡村旅游指的是:以畜牧业养殖为基础,实现农业发展、旅游休闲的产业模式,进而推动旅游业发展,吸引更多的游客,增强旅游业竞争实力,实现农业经济的可持续发展的战略目标。基于此点,本文以"生态养殖特色农业与乡村旅游的融合模式"为题进行简要分析。     

循环经济视域下“旅游+养殖”模式可行性分析

随着经济的快速发展,循环经济和生态绿色发展理念越来越被重视。旅游业的发展对我国国民经济起到非常重要的作用,养殖业也对社会经济发展起着相当重要的支撑作用,两者融合发展对资源的循环利用和集约化发展有一定的积极意义。但对环境要求比较高的旅游业来说,与养殖业的融合很容易受养殖业影响,特别是养殖过程中的物料供应和排泄物处置问题。同时,两者融合发展也因其处于不同的行业有待进一步规范。本文就“旅游+养殖”模式下存在的现实问题,以循环经济的视角对其进行可行性分析,并针对问题提出一些建议。 [关键词]循环经济|旅游|养殖|可行性分析     

生态养殖旅游基地环境与饲料体系的构建与开发——以承德坝上草原马生态养殖旅游基地为例

旅游业的蓬勃发展给社会带来巨大的经济与社会效益,对与其相关的行业也起到了极大的推动作用,生态养殖基地的旅游作为新兴的旅游开发项目,成为休闲度假、生活体验、学习考察的最佳旅游选择。生态养殖基地的旅游环境是其开发旅游项目的重要资源,而生态养殖过程中如果规划管理缺失,如饲料的加工生产粗放,投放使用不当,又将会给旅游环境的建设造成阻碍,最终影响生态旅游的健康发展。     

巴林右旗草原旅游业发展过程中生态保护路径的探讨

草原旅游是依托草原和草原生态环境发展起来的一种旅游新形式。草原旅游业能否可持续发展就看草原生态环境是否能得到合理的保护。草原旅游具有资源条件与环境约束的高度重叠性,草原旅游发展与草原生态环境之间存在诸多矛盾,发展旅游业与保护环境、建设生态文明的需要高度统一。     

山东省胶州市畜牧旅游业发展专项调研报告

本文介绍了山东省胶州市畜牧兽医局发展畜牧旅游业的现状、取得的经济效益及存在问题,并提出下一步打算加大技术指导,加大对畜牧旅游养殖业的投入,做好畜牧旅游业的品牌宣传,探索畜牧旅游业的生态循环养殖新模式。     

关于促进东营市畜牧旅游业发展的思考

正畜牧旅游业作为一种新兴产业模式,对于拓宽畜牧业增收渠道,丰富旅游资源,推动生态文明建设具有重要意义。东营市把发展畜牧旅游业与现代生态畜牧业发展相融合,重规划、强引导、抓示范,以畜牧带旅游,以旅游促畜牧,畜牧旅游业实现稳步健康发展,为全面了解全市畜牧旅游业发展情况,笔者对全市5个县区畜牧旅游发展情况进行了调研研究,现将全市畜牧旅游发展情况介绍如下。1全市畜牧旅游业发展现状本市自2009年开始引导发展畜牧旅游业,将畜牧生     

淳安蚕业发展与千岛湖旅游业融合的模式分析

分析了淳安县蚕业发展与千岛湖旅游业融合的优势,并对开发淳安县蚕业与千岛湖旅游业融合的旅游资源、市场环境和区位条件等情况进行了可行性分析;提出将发展蚕桑产业与发展旅游产业有机结合,将蚕丝文化嫁接到千岛湖旅游业,开发蚕丝文化馆、蚕桑丝绸文化的乡村旅游、蚕丝文化街道和基地观光游等模式,从而创造独具特色的千岛湖旅游品牌,促进淳安蚕业更快、更好发展。     

蜂旅融合助力乡村振兴

在我国乡村振兴战略和乡村休闲旅游推进的背景下,蜂旅融合的蜂业旅游模式也迎来了春天。蜂旅融合是将蜂业与旅游业融合起来的一种新型旅游发展模式。分析了蜂业旅游的发展背景和市场前景,从丰富旅游业态,延长蜂业产业链、维护生态平衡,推动生态旅游业发展以及促进经济增收,推动旅游产业振兴这2个方面分析了蜂业旅游对乡村振兴的意义,并以浙江省长兴县“蜂情小镇”为实例分析了其蜂旅融合的发展成效,最后为蜂业旅游的更好发展提出了建议,以更好地发挥蜂业旅游的经济效益,助力乡村振兴。     

黑龙江省畜牧旅游业发展模式及对策探讨

畜牧旅游作为畜牧业和旅游业融合发展的新型产业,完美实现了畜牧业和旅游业的转型升级,既可以满足旅游消费者休闲度假、体验畜牧生活的内在需求,又可以实现畜牧经营者绿色养殖、增加收入的经济需求。黑龙江省作为农业大省,生态环境天然优美,畜牧旅游资源丰富,拥有得天独厚的发展畜牧旅游业的优势。笔者对黑龙江省畜牧旅游发展模式及对策进行了初步探索,以期对黑龙江省畜牧旅游业的发展起到一定的指导作用。     

黄河滩地观光畜牧旅游概况、内涵及现状

<正>随着我国旅游业的快速发展,在全民生态保护意识不断增强的背景下,融合生态畜牧业和休闲旅游业的观光畜牧旅游受到现代都市人群的认同,并呈现出良好的发展势头。郑州黄河滩地人文与自然资源丰富、区域位置优越,具备发展观光畜牧旅游活动的良好条件,通过旅游体验为公众提供优质的休闲场所,实现黄河滩地生态和经济的可持续发展。1观光畜牧旅游的内涵和特征1.1观光畜牧旅游的内涵观光畜牧旅游是由旅游的综合性所决定的,众多     

白术、微米白术和白术多糖对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道形态及微生态区系的影响

试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。     

Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia

Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.     

Phase I evaluation of CCNU (lomustine) in tumor-bearing cats

1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.     

Y‐chromosomal variation of local goat breeds of Turkey close to the domestication centre

Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.     

Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects

Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.     

The Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Dairy Cattle in Central Kenya

The epidemiology of H. placei and of other gastrointestinal nematodes in yearling dairy cattle was examined on two farms in Kiambu District, central Kenya during each of 13 one-month periods from April 1993 to April 1994. On each farm, 32 newly weaned dairy calves were given a single dose of albendazole and then placed on experimental pastures. Twelve of the animals were designated for bi-monthly slaughter (n = 2) and analysis of worm population characteristics and 20 were designated for blood and faecal collection and for weighing. Two parasite-free tracer calves were grazed alongside the weaner calves each month throughout the study period and were also slaughtered for analysis of worm populations. Faecal egg counts, haematological and serum pepsinogen determinations, herbage larval counts, and animal live weight changes were recorded monthly. The study revealed that Haemonchus placei, Trichostrongylus axei, Cooperia spp. and Oesophagostomum radiatum were responsible for parasitic gastroenteritis and that H. placei was the predominant nematode present in the young cattle on both farms. Faecal egg counts from resident cattle and necropsy worm counts revealed that pasture larval levels were directly related to the amount of rainfall. The total worm burdens in the animals were highest during the rainy season (March–June and October–December) and lowest during the dry seasons (July–September and January–February). The very low recovery of immature larvae of H. placei from the tracer calves indicated that arrested development is not a feature of the life cycle of this parasite in central Kenya. The maintenance of the parasite population depended on continuous cycling of infection between the host and the pasture. The agroclimatic conditions of the study area were such that, in general, favourable weather conditions for the development and survival of the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes existed all year round.     

Diversity of Ectoparasites in Sheep Flocks in Sa~o Paulo,Brazil

The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.     

Feline intracranial neoplasia: retrospective review of 160 cases (1985-2001)

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.     

A brief history of the prevention of infectious diseases by immunisations

Infectious diseases have always been a terrible scourge for humans. The appearance of these plagues, as they were called without distinction, was generally connected to various conditions: asters, climatic changes or religious reasons. The concept of contagious, and then infectious, diseases came slowly. Variolation, i.e. transmission of ‘virulent’ matter to induce a natural disease and the immunity against it, was brought from Constantinople to England by Lady Montague, in 1721. This ‘variolation’ technique was also often performed in veterinary medicine against diseases like sheep-pox or pleuropneumonia. As ‘vaccination’ is the term generally accepted for ‘immunisation’, variolation can be the word designating such a technique. The second period of the history of immunisation began, in 1880, with the studies of Pasteur and his collaborators. A great number of bacterial vaccines were developed: dead, live but attenuated or only parts of pathogens. The viruses were produced in animals, then in eggs and at last, in tissue cultures. Second generation vaccines appeared with genetic engineering: recombinant vaccines, vector vaccines, nucleic acids vaccines, and markers vaccines, among others. These novel technologies can permit the development of new ones and improve the quality of the vaccines already existing.