J亚型禽白血病病毒的分离与鉴定

本研究分别从广西的地方肉鸡及河北、辽宁的蛋鸡中分离到了3株禽白血病病毒.剖检疑似发病鸡只.采集病变的肝脏、脾脏组织,经过RT-PCR检测确定为ALV感染.将病变组织接种CEF细胞,连续传代2次,将细胞上清接种DF-1细胞,p27抗原检测为阳性.同时提取病毒基因组,用H5/ADI和H5/H7两对特异性引物进行PCR扩增,结果3株为ALV-J亚型.进一步设计ALV-J亚型gp85特异性引物进行PCR扩增并测序.结果确认分离到的3株病毒为ALV-J亚型.其gp85序列与标准毒株HPRS-103同源性为96%.同时,用p27单抗进行间接免疫荧光试验,测定毒力.综上所述,我们从广西地方肉鸡巾分离到1株J亚型禽白血病病毒,从河北及辽宁的蛋鸡中分离到2株J亚型禽白血病病毒.     

血管瘤相关禽白血病病毒CD08株的分离与鉴定

通过病理剖检、接种DF-1细胞、ELISA抗原检测以及聚合酶链式反应(PCR)等方法,从湖南常德某集约化养殖场的疑似禽白血病感染的蛋鸡中分离到1株血管瘤相关B亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-B),命名为CD08.利用特异引物对分离株进行PCR检测和gp85扩增,将测序得到的gp85序列与国内外各亚群禽白血病病毒相同区域序列进行相似性分析,发现其核苷酸序列相似性在44.3%～92.9%之间,其中与属于ALV-B的MAV-2株相似性最高,而与美国ALV-J ADOL-7501株相似性最低.基于gp85核苷酸序列的系统进化分析表明:CD08株的gp85序列与MAV-2株的亲缘关系最近.     

三黄鸡临床血管瘤病例中分离出A亚群与J亚群禽白血病病毒

为了解禽白血病病毒在广西鸡群中流行情况,采用DF-1细胞接种、细胞培养上清p27抗原检测、PCR扩增,对临床血管瘤型禽白血病的三黄鸡病料进行了病毒分离,并对分离病毒gp85基因进行测序和序列比较。结果表明,从1只病鸡同时分离到了一株A亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-A)与一株J亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J),分别命名为HG01-A株和HG01-J株。ALV-A gp85与7株A亚群氨基酸同源性为85.8%~87.5%,与A亚群美国株MQNCSU同源性最高为87.5%,与A亚群原型株RSA同源性为86.9%。而ALV-J gp85与7株毒株核酸序列同源性为84.0%~93.8%,与广东株XX2-08以及四川株SCSM01同源性最高为93.8%,与英国原型株HPRS103同源性为90.2%。进化分析进一步表明,HG01-A与各参考株亲缘关系较远,HG01-J与SCSM01亲缘关系最近。本研究首次从同一只广西三黄鸡中同时分离到ALV-A及ALV-J,进一步完善了我国地方品种鸡群中禽白血病的流行病学信息。     

广东地方品种鸡J亚群禽白血病病毒分离鉴定及遗传进化研究

为了解广东地方品种鸡J亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J)净化情况,利用ALV-p27特异性抗原检测、病毒分离、PCR扩增和全基因组测序分析等方法,从广东某地方品种鸡群中分离鉴定出1株ALV-J,命名为GDYH-Y1。全基因组序列分析表明,GDYH-Y1分离株的LTR、gag和pol基因相对保守,而3′UTR和gp85基因变异较大,其中gp85基因与ALV-J参考毒株序列同源性仅为87.5%~92.8%,3′UTR区的rTM出现大量碱基缺失,遗传进化分析表明GDYH-Y1分离株与美国白羽肉鸡源分离株ADOL-7501亲缘关系最近。研究为广东地方品种鸡ALV-J净化效果提供数据参考,为分析广东地方品种鸡ALV-J毒株的分子特征和变异趋势提供了重要的数据资料。     

三株J亚群禽白血病病毒的分离及其gp85基因序列分析

本试验从湖北省分离到3株J亚群禽白血病病毒,并通过病理解剖、DF-1细胞培养和RT-PCR进行了鉴定,分别命名为HB1002、HB1003和HB1009。根据J亚群原型毒株HPRS-103序列设计引物,扩增gp85基因并测序。序列分析表明:基因片段大小均为921 bp,与预期一致;分离到的3株病毒之间核苷酸同源性在97.7%~99.7%,氨基酸同源性在95.1%~99.0%;与原型毒株HPRS-103核苷酸序列同源性在94.1%~94.8%;与其它ALV-J核苷酸同源性在87.6%~97.3%;进化树分析表明,分离到的3个毒株与JS09GY6同源性最近,在95.2%~97.3%。     

猪伪狂犬病病毒的分离鉴定及其gE基因序列分析

从福建省某猪场疑似伪狂犬病的发病3日龄仔猪的脑、肺脏中分离到1株病毒.该病毒接种家兔出现了典型的伪狂犬病症状,接种PK-15细胞36 h后出现了圆缩、集聚、脱落等典型的细胞病变,猪伪狂犬病病毒阳性血清能特异性中和该分离病毒.根据已发表的伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)gE基因的序列,设计并合成了一对引物,采用PCR方法可扩增特异性298 bp的DNA片段.测序结果与GenBank中有代表性的6株参考毒株相应基因序列比较,核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性分别为95.5%~99%和91.8%~98%.系统进化树结果表明分离株与湖北分离株Ea株亲缘关系最近.     

黄羽肉鸡J亚群禽白血病病毒分离鉴定与全基因组序列分析

为了解J亚群禽白血病在黄羽肉鸡中的流行状况,采用病料研磨液接种DF-1细胞、ELISA p27抗原检测、PCR扩增等方法,从广东某鸡场送检疑似禽白血病的黄羽肉鸡病料中分离鉴定出1株J亚群禽白血病病毒,命名为GDLZ0715。为进一步了解该病毒分子学特性,对其进行全基因组测序,并与其他ALV-J毒株进行比较。结果表明,GDLZ0715分离株整个基因组中gag、pol、env基因和LTR相对保守,与各参考ALV-J毒株序列同源性分别达93.5%~95.9%、96.8%~97.3%、89.6%~94.6%和90.8%~95.1%;3′UTR变异较大,与各ALV-J参考毒株序列同源性仅为80.5%~93.4%,其中rTM和E元件大量碱基缺失;进一步分析表明3′UTR中rTM区和E元件大量碱基缺失正成为我国肉鸡ALV-J毒株的变异趋势。     

J亚群禽白血病病毒分离株HLJ09SH01株感染性克隆的构建及其致病性研究

为构建J亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J)分离株的感染性克隆并鉴定其对蛋鸡和肉鸡致病力的差异,本研究从黑龙江地区分离鉴定一株ALV-J分离株HLJ09SH01,以其核酸为模板,采用PCR方法分3段扩增其前病毒cDNA,PCR产物经克隆酶切后依次连接,获得一个含有完整ALV-J前病毒cDNA的重组质粒,命名为pBlue-HLJ09SH01。将其转染DF-1细胞,进行病毒拯救。通过间接免疫荧光、禽白血病抗原试剂盒检测及反转录酶活性试剂盒检验,表明拯救的病毒为ALV-J,命名为rHLJ09SH01。将其分别人工接种11日龄蛋鸡和肉鸡鸡胚,孵育出壳后隔离饲养32周。致瘤性试验结果表明,rHLJ09SH01可以导致57.9%的蛋鸡发生肿瘤,83.3%的肉鸡发生肿瘤。表明该感染性克隆具有亲本病毒的致病性。     

血管瘤相关J亚群禽白血病病毒ZH-08株的分离与全基因组序列测定

本研究从临床表现为典型血管瘤型禽白血病病例的广东某肉种鸡场的病鸡中,分离到1株J亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J),命名为ZH-08。利用ELISA抗原检测、PCR和间接免疫荧光试验对分离株进行鉴定,结果都呈阳性。依据ALV-J原型株HPRS-103前病毒全基因组序列设计并合成3对引物,采用分段扩增的方法完成了分离株的全基因组序列测定。结果显示该分离株基因组序列全长7 597 bp,与已公开的全基因组序列大小比较略有差异,但符合典型的复制完全型反转录病毒的基因组结构,基因序列中不含已知致癌基因。将该分离株的亚群特异性gp85基因序列与国内外各参考株相应序列进行相似性比较,发现ZH-08与YZ9901株相似性最高(93.7%)。基于gp85核苷酸序列的系统进化分析表明:ZH-08株与SD07LK1株的亲缘关系最近。本研究为该毒株的生物学特性以及致病机制研究奠定了基础。     

J亚群禽白血病病毒GDHX01株分离与基因序列分析

为了解胡须鸡中是否存在禽白血病病毒(ALV)感染,从广东某胡须鸡养殖场中无菌采集胡须鸡血样,采用DF-1细胞培养、ELISA抗原检测、PCR扩增等方法,成功分离鉴定出一株J亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J),命名为GDHX01株。测序结果显示GDHX01株病毒基因组DNA序列全长为7616 bp,gp85基因全长919 bp。通过与其他禽白血病病毒参考毒株的基因组DNA序列进行比对分析,发现GDHX01与国内外J亚群禽白血病参考毒株同源性85.3%～95.7%之间。进一步比对发现,GDHX01毒株的gp85基因序列与国内外ALV-J参考株CAUGX01的同源性最高为95.8%。结果表明,在胡须鸡群中存在J亚群禽白血病病毒的感染。     

从J亚群禽白血病肿瘤中检测出禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒

将表现为典型 J亚群禽白血病肿瘤的病料分别接种于鸡胚成纤维细胞和 DF1细胞 ,采用间接荧光抗体试验(IFA)和 PCR方法 ,从这些肿瘤病料中分离和鉴定出 8株 J亚群禽白血病病毒 (AL V- J)。对证明感染了 AL V- J的细胞继续培养 ,并用禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒 (REV)的特异性单抗及引物做 IFA和 PCR,在 8株 AL V- J中 ,有 3株AL V- J的感染细胞中同时有 REV感染。由此表明 ,发生肿瘤的肉鸡中 ,AL V- J和 REV的共感染已相当普遍。将这 3株 REV- SD0 0 0 3、SD0 0 0 4和 SD0 10 2的 3′- L TR用 PCR扩增、克隆和序列比较 ,发现分离的 SD0 0 0 3、SD0 0 0 4和SD0 10 2与国内的另外 2株 REV- SD990 1和 HA990 1的同源性为 96 .7%和 96 .1% ;而与另 1株 REV参考株鸭脾坏死性病毒 (SNV)的同源性高达 99%。     

靶向Pol基因siRNA抑制J亚型禽白血病病毒复制的研究

为筛选能够有效抑制J亚型禽白血病病毒(ALV-J)复制的siRNA,本研究根据ALV的pol基因保守序列设计合成5对shRNA序列,并将其分别克隆至pcDNATM6.2-GW/EmGFP-miR载体中,构建siRNA表达重组质粒,分别为pcDNA-sh-po1711、pcDNA-sh-po1814、pcDNA-sh-po11016、pcDNA-sh-po11915和pcDNA-sh-po12516.将重组质粒分别转染DF-1细胞6 h后,以100TCID50的ALV-J感染细胞,并利用IFA、western blot和real-timePCR方法评价其对ALV-J复制的抑制效果.IFA和western blot检测结果表明:其中pcDNA-sh-po1711、pcDNA-sh-po1814和pcDNA-sh-po12516可以有效抑制病毒囊膜蛋白的表达.Real-time PCR结果显示:与阴性对照和空载体对照相比,这3种siRNA在mRNA水平对ALV-J的抑制率达29%～86%.本研究在细胞水平上筛选的siRNAs可作为候选siRNAs,为抗鸡ALV-J的研究奠定基础.     

鸡IFIT5对J亚群禽白血病病毒在DF-1细胞内复制的影响

【目的】制备鸡干扰素诱导蛋白含三角形四肽重复5（IFIT5）多克隆抗体,以探究IFIT5对J型禽白血病病毒（ALV-J）在鸡胚成纤维细胞（DF-1）内复制的影响。【方法】以感染ALV-J的鸡脾脏组织细胞提取的RNA反转录获得的cDNA作为模板,对IFIT5基因进行PCR扩增,利用重组酶将纯化后的PCR产物和线性化载体进行连接,构建重组质粒pET-28a-IFIT5和pcDNA5-flag-IFIT5并测序。将测序正确的重组质粒pET-28a-IFIT5转化大肠杆菌BL21感受态细胞进行诱导表达,表达的融合蛋白His-IFIT5纯化后免疫6周龄BALB/c雌鼠制备多克隆抗体,通过Western blotting鉴定抗体的特异性,利用间接ELISA测定抗体的效价。将测序正确的重组质粒pcDNA5-flag-IFIT5转染DF-1细胞,24 h后接种ALV-J,通过Western blotting检测DF-1细胞中过表达IFIT5对ALV-J复制的影响。【结果】试验成功扩增到大小为1 440 bp的IFIT5基因,并成功构建重组质粒pET-28a-IFIT5和pcDNA5-flag-IFIT5。pET-28a-IFIT5可以表达约56 ku的可溶性蛋白His-IFIT5,Western blotting结果显示,制备的鼠抗IFIT5蛋白多克隆抗体能特异性识别DF-1细胞中过表达的IFIT5蛋白,效价为1：32 000。pcDNA5-flag-IFIT5能在DF-1细胞中高效表达,且在DF-1细胞中过表达IFIT5可以促进ALV-J复制。【结论】本研究制备的鼠抗IFIT5蛋白多克隆抗体具有较高的反应性和特异性;在DF-1细胞中过表达IFIT5可以促进ALV-J复制。本试验结果为深入研究IFIT5蛋白的生物学功能提供参考。     

Haemangiomas, leiomyosarcoma and myeloma caused by subgroup J avian leukosis virus in a commercial layer flock

An outbreak of simultaneously occurring haemangiomas, leiomyosarcoma and myeloma was observed in a commercial layer flock in China. The sick chickens were extremely thin and dehydrated. Scattered haemangiomas were found on the claws, breast and wings. At necropsy, haemangiomas and some other nodular tumours were also found in the internal organs. In addition, diffuse enlargement of the liver and spleen appeared in some birds. Histopathologically, haemangiomas were typically cavernous haemangiomas and haemangioendothelioma. In the diffusely swollen liver and spleen, multifocal or widespread marrow tumour cells filled with ball-like acidophilic particles in cytosol were observed, which are the characteristic pathological changes of avian myelocytomatosis. The nodular tumour cells formed by muscle bundles were of variable size, irregular shape, poorly differentiated and malaligned. Immunohistochemistry for vimentin, cytokeratin, actin (smooth muscle) and actin (sarcomeric) and Masson's staining confirmed the different cell lineage of the nodular tumour, thus leading to the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma. The seroprevalence of avian leukosis subgroup J (ALV-J) antibodies was 13.46% (7/52), while ALV-A/B and reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) antibodies were not detectable. The DF-1 cells inoculated by virus extracted from liver samples from 24 infected chickens were cultured and the group-specific antigen (GSA) was identified by ELISA. All samples were positive for ALV, which was further identified as ALV-J by immunofluorescence assay (IFA). PCR analysis revealed that three isolates of ALV-J proviral sequence were close to the HPRS-103 prototype strain and other Chinese field strains isolated in recent years, while one isolate (DP01) had a lower homology with them. This is the first report that ALV-J infection caused the simultaneous occurrence of haemangiomas, leiomyosarcoma and myeloma in a commercial layer flock.     

蛋鸡J亚群禽白血病病毒SD1009分离株的分离鉴定及全基因组序列分析

为分析我国J亚群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J)蛋鸡分离株的进化关系,本研究将山东省某鸡场采集的蛋鸡病料样品接种DF-1细胞系,利用ELISA群特异性抗原检测以及亚群特异性间接免疫荧光方法,分离鉴定得到一株ALV-J,命名为SD1009,并对其进行全基因组测序,将该序列与其他ALV-J代表性病毒株序列进行比较。结果表明:SD1009分离株的gag和pol基因相对保守,与各参考病毒株的同源性为95%～99%,env基因的同源性为91%～95%;在其5'UTR中出现了连续19 bp的插入突变,与TW-3577、SDAU09C3、JS09GY6、JS09GY3蛋鸡分离株的5'UTR基本一致,提示19 bp的插入现象可能是近年来蛋鸡ALV-J的进化趋势;此外,其3'UTR的rTM和DR区出现部分缺失现象,该缺失部分也可能与ALV-J进化相关。     

Detection of subgroup J avian leukosis virus infection in Australian meat-type chickens

OBJECTIVE: To determine the extent of avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) infection in Australian broiler breeder flocks, using virus isolation and molecular biological detection. Any resultant ALV-J viral isolates to be characterised by neutralisation cross testing in order to determine antigenic relationships to overseas isolates of ALV-J. STUDY DESIGN: Samples of blood, feather pulp, albumen and tumours were obtained from broiler breeder flocks which represented four genetic strains of meat chickens being grown in Victoria, South Australia, NSW and Queensland. Dead and ailing birds were necropsied on farm and samples were collected for microscopic and virological examinations. Virus isolation was carried out in C/O and DF-1 CEF cultures and ALV group specific antigen was detected in culture lysates using AC-ELISA. Micro-neutralisation assay was used for antigenic characterisation of selected isolates. Genomic DNA was isolated from cultured cells, tumours and feather pulp. ALV-J envelope sequences were amplified by PCR using specific ALV-J primers while antibodies against ALV-J were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 62 ALV-J isolates were recovered and confirmed by PCR from 15 (31.3%) of 48 breeder flocks tested. Antibody to ALV-J was detected in 20 (47.6%) of the 42 flocks tested. Characteristic lesions of myeloid leukosis caused by ALV-J were found in affected flocks. The gross pathological lesions were characterised by skeletal myelocytomas located on the inner sternum and ribs, neoplastic enlargement of the liver, and in some cases gross tumour involvement of the spleen, kidney, trachea, skeletal muscles, bone marrow, skin and gonads. Microscopically, the tumours consisted of immature granulated myelocytes, and were present as focal or diffuse infiltrations in the affected organs. Virus micro-neutralisation assays demonstrated antigenic variation among Australian isolates and to overseas strains of ALV-J. CONCLUSION: ALV-J infection was prevalent in Australian broiler breeder flocks during 2001 to 2003. Australian isolates of ALV-J show a degree of antigenic variation when compared to overseas isolates.     

血管瘤禽白血病病毒FJ0610株的分离与鉴定

为了解禽白血病病毒在商品蛋鸡中的流行情况,试验采用病理剖检、聚合酶链式反应(PCR)以及间接免疫荧光试验(IFA)等方法对送检的疑似禽白血病病毒感染的商品蛋鸡进行了病毒分离与鉴定,并对分离株的致瘤相关基因gp85基因进行测序,与国内外各亚群禽白血病病毒进行对比。结果表明:分离、鉴定到1株J亚群血管瘤禽白血病病毒,命名为FJ0610;分离株gp85基因核苷酸序列同源性在11.5%～94.5%之间,其中与血管瘤禽白血病毒株ZH-08株同源性最高,而与E亚群毒株同源性最低;基于gp85核苷酸序列的系统进化分析表明FJ0610株的gp85序列与ZH-08株的亲缘关系最近。     

J-亚群禽白血病病毒中国广东野毒株的分离与鉴定

通过接种鸡胚成纤维细胞、间接荧光抗体试验(IFA)和聚合酶链式反应(PCR)从疑似J-亚群白血病的病鸡中,分离鉴定出J-亚群白血病病毒。抗J-亚群白血病病毒gp85单克隆抗体JE9的IFA试验和PCR试验均证明病鸡被J-亚群白血病病毒感染。