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1.
为了考察白头翁汤中其他药味对秦皮主要有效成分溶出的影响,试验采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)[Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱,以乙腈(A溶液)-0.1%磷酸(含0.2%三乙胺,B溶液)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,0~23 min,流动相中A溶液含量由10%逐渐升为20%,流速0.8 m L/min,检测波长345 nm,柱温30℃,进样量10μL]检测白头翁汤及相关组方中的秦皮素、秦皮甲素、秦皮苷、秦皮乙素。结果表明:秦皮甲素、秦皮苷、秦皮乙素、秦皮素浓度分别在0.090~22.500,0.120~29.800,0.110~27.100,0.076~19.000μg/m L内,线性关系良好;仪器精密度、方法的重复性、稳定性、加样回收试验的相对标准偏差(RSD)均在2.0%以内;秦皮素溶出率受其他物质影响不大;黄柏和白头翁汤醇提液能明显增大秦皮乙素的溶出;白头翁汤中秦皮苷溶出率都低于秦皮药材;秦皮甲素的溶出规律与秦皮苷非常相似。说明该方法准确灵敏,可用于白头翁汤等相关中药组方中秦皮甲素、秦皮苷、秦皮乙素和秦皮素的含量测定;白头翁汤中的黄连、黄柏、白头翁对秦皮中秦皮素、秦皮甲素、秦皮苷、秦皮乙素的溶出都有影响。  相似文献   

2.
建立超高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法(UPLC-PDA法)测定蒲公英提取物中咖啡酸的含量。采用反相高效液相色谱法,用带有二极管阵列检测器的高效液相色谱仪(UPLC-PAD)对咖啡酸进行色谱分离和快速筛查。以ACQUITY UPLCTMHSS T3色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)为分离柱,柱温:35℃;流动相体系:A项为乙腈,B项为0.4%磷酸水溶液,进行梯度洗脱;流速:0.35 m L/min;进样量:5μL;检测波长为323 nm。通过光谱图、保留时间及峰面积参数对咖啡酸进行定性定量检测。咖啡酸在1~100μg/m L的范围内线性良好(R2=0.999); 0.25μg/m L咖啡酸对照品溶液与空白溶液的信噪比3,为检出限,1μg/m L咖啡酸对照品溶液与空白溶液的信噪比10,为定量限,完全满足检测需求。该方法色谱分离较好,分析速度较快,前处理简单,适用于蒲公英提取物中咖啡酸的定性定量检测。  相似文献   

3.
目的:建立变换波长的方法测定复方樟脑搽剂中樟脑和苯酚的含量。方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定复方樟脑搽剂中樟脑和苯酚的含量,色谱柱Shim-pack VP-ODS(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-水(65∶35)为流动相,流速:1.0 mL/min,柱温:25℃,进样量:20μL,检测波长范围:0~5 min为270 nm,5~10 min为288 nm。结果:樟脑和苯酚的线性范围分别为0.051 40~1.028 00 mg/mL(r=0.999 9)与0.052 32~1.046 00 mg/mL(r=0.999 9),平均回收率分别为97.82%(RSD=0.9%)和98.09%(RSD=1.9%)。结论:本法操作简便、结果准确、重现性好,可用于复方樟脑搽剂的质量控制。  相似文献   

4.
本试验旨在建立一种同时测定复方吡喹酮浇泼剂中吡喹酮和乙酰氨基阿维菌素含量的HPLC方法。色谱条件为C18柱(250mm×4.6 mm,5μm),柱温30℃,流动相为乙腈-水-三氟乙酸(70∶30∶0.01),流速1.0mL/min,进样量20μL,检测波长245nm。吡喹酮在0.7506~7.5063 mg/mL范围内,乙酰氨基阿维菌素在31.266~312.660μg/mL范围内线性关系均良好,相关系数(r)均为0.9999,平均回收率分别为99.0%、98.1%,RSD分别为1.02%、0.32%。本试验所建立的HPLC法快速简便、准确可靠,可用于复方吡喹酮浇泼剂中吡喹酮和乙酰氨基阿维菌素含量的测定。  相似文献   

5.
为建立芪板青颗粒中绿原酸、咖啡酸和黄芪甲苷含量测定的方法。测定绿原酸和咖啡酸采用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 250 mm×4.6 mm 5μm色谱柱,流动相为0.05%磷酸溶液-乙腈(92∶8,V∶V),进样量10μL,柱温30℃,流速为1.0 m L/min,在190 nm~400 nm范围进行扫描,记录327 nm色谱图;测定黄芪甲苷采用Waters symmetry C18 5μm 4.6 mm×250 mm色谱柱,进样量10μL,漂移管温度35℃,雾化器温度35℃,气流速度1.2 L/min,流动相为水-乙腈(65∶35,V∶V),柱温30℃,流速1.0 m L/min。绿原酸在3.611~72.23μg/m L范围内线性关系良好,r为0.99999,平均加样回收率97.1%;咖啡酸在3.060~61.20μg/m L范围内线性关系良好,r为0.99999,平均加样回收率96.2%;黄芪甲苷在1.0~10μg范围线性关系良好,r为0.9997,平均加样回收率为98.0%。该方法定性、定量准确,适用于芪板青颗粒含量测定。  相似文献   

6.
旨在建立测定新型中药复方健胃分散片中主要成分延胡索乙素含量的HPLC方法,利用建立的方法测定并比较中药提取机混提法与单提复配法制备的中药复方健胃分散片中延胡索乙素的含量。采用Agilent SB-C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇—磷酸盐(65∶35)缓冲液( 值=6.0)为流动相,等度洗脱,于280 nm波长处进行检测。结果表明,延胡索乙素在0.1~1.0μg/m L范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9989,平均回收率为99.99%,RSD=0.91%;中药提取机混提法与单提复配法制备的中药复方健胃分散片中延胡索乙素平均含量分别为2.430 7 mg/g(RSD=0.57%,n=6)和1.937 5 mg/g(RSD=2.17%,n=6)。建立的HPLC方法灵敏度高,操作简便,结果准确,重复性好,可用于中药复方健胃分散片中延胡索乙素含量测定,并且中药提取机混提法所制备的中药复方分散片中延胡索乙素含量较高,效果较好。  相似文献   

7.
本研究以奶粉为试验材料,建立了一种简便、快速同时测定奶粉中主要磷脂组分磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)、神经鞘磷脂(SM)的高效液相色谱分析方法,优化后的色谱条件为:Vensil XBP Silica(5μm,250×4.6mm,150A)色谱柱,正己烷-异丙醇-0.05%乙酸(6:8:1.38,v/v/v)流动相体系,等度洗脱,流速1m L/min,柱温30℃,检测波长206nm,柱温30℃,进样量10μL;采用外标法定量。试验结果表明:PC、PE、SM的线性范围分别为0.05~3mg/m L(R2=0.9992),0.01~2mg/m L(R2=0.9993),0.01~1mg/m L(R2=0.9995),检测限分别为0.002mg/m L、0.005mg/m L、0.001mg/m L。样品平均回收率在80.7%~108.6%之间,精密度试验和重复性试验RSD值均小于3%。本试验方法简便、分析速度快、检测灵敏度高、重复性好、结果准确可靠,适用于奶粉等乳制品中磷脂主要组分PC、PE和SM含量的测定。  相似文献   

8.
建立反向高效液相色谱法检测白龙散中龙胆苦苷和小檗碱含量的方法。试验采用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以0.5%三乙胺水溶液(用85%磷酸调p H值至3.0)-甲醇(60:40,v:v)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温为30℃;进样量为10μL;检测波长为270 nm;龙胆苦苷和小檗碱的含量测定范围分别为4.09~102.2μg/m L(R=0.999 7),3.93~98.26μg/m L(R=1.000 0);加样平均回收率分别为98.63%,97.78%;RSD分别为0.96%,1.23%;该方法方便、准确、可靠,适用于测定白龙散中龙胆苦苷和小檗碱的含量。  相似文献   

9.
柱前衍生化-高效液相色谱法检测疫苗中游离甲醛含量   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
建立了测定疫苗中游离甲醛含量的柱前衍生化-高效液相色谱法。采用2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生疫苗中游离甲醛,乙腈︰水(65︰35)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,色谱柱为Waters Atlantis T3柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),检测波长为365 nm。在此方法下,3个不同甲醛浓度样品回收率为98.28%~105.24%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.3%。本方法检测限为0.4 mg/L,定量限为1.6 mg/L。游离甲醛浓度在0.0040~1.1930 mg/m L范围内,与甲醛衍生物峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r2=0.9991)。结果表明,该方法分离度高,专属性强,操作简单且不易受疫苗基质和颜色影响,可用于测定疫苗中游离甲醛含量。  相似文献   

10.
建立了同时测定兽用制剂中氟苯尼考、糠酸莫米松、盐酸特比萘芬含量的高效液相色谱法。C8(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱分离,甲醇-0. 02%三乙胺水溶液(75∶25)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,采用224 nm作为氟苯尼考及盐酸特比萘芬的检测波长、250 nm作为糠酸莫米松的检测波长分别进行检测。氟苯尼考、糠酸莫米松、盐酸特比萘芬线性范围分别为0.49~49.20μg/m L(r=1.000)、0.24~7.96μg/m L(r=1.000)、0.25~50.00μg/m L(r=1.000),其回收率(n=9)分别为100.80%、102.83%、101.37%。测得兽用制剂中氟苯尼考、糠酸莫米松、盐酸特比萘芬含量分别为15.46mg/m L、2.07 mg/m L、15.35 mg/m L。结果表明该方法可用于兽用制剂中氟苯尼考、糠酸莫米松及盐酸特比萘芬的含量的测定。  相似文献   

11.
试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。  相似文献   

12.
Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

13.
1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.  相似文献   

14.
Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.  相似文献   

15.
The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of different tumor types within a large cohort of cats with intracranial neoplasia and to attempt to correlate signalment, tumor size and location, and survival time for each tumor. Medical records of 160 cats with confirmed intracranial neoplasia evaluated between 1985 and 2001 were reviewed. Parameters evaluated included age, sex, breed, FeLV/FIV status, clinical signs, duration of signs, number of tumors, tumor location(s), imaging results, treatment, survival times, and histopathologic diagnosis. Most of the cats were older (11.3 +/- 3.8 years). Primary tumors accounted for 70.6% of cases. Metastasis and direct extension of secondary tumors accounted for only 5.6 and 3.8% of cases, respectively. Twelve cats (7.5%) had 2 or more discrete tumors of the same type, whereas 16 cats (10.0%) had 2 different types of intracranial tumors. The most common tumor types were meningioma (n = 93, 58.1%), lymphoma (n = 23, 14.4%), pituitary tumors (n = 14, 8.8%), and gliomas (n = 12, 7.5%). The most common neurological signs were altered consciousness (n = 42, 26.2%), circling (n = 36, 22.5%), and seizures (n = 36, 22.5%). Cats without specific neurological signs were common (n = 34, 21.2%). The tumor was considered an incidental finding in 30 (18.8%) cats. In addition to expected relationships (eg, meninges and meningioma, pituitary and pituitary tumors), we found that lesion location was predictive of tumor type with diffuse cerebral or brainstem involvement predictive of lymphoma and third ventricle involvement predictive of meningioma.  相似文献   

16.
Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.  相似文献   

17.
18.
Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.  相似文献   

19.
20.
The occurrence of ectoparasites in sheep flocks is frequently reported but seldom quantified. Sheep production used to be a predominantly family activity in the state of Sa~o Paulo (Brazil), but it began to become a commercial activity in the past decade. Thus, information about the ectoparasites existing in sheep flocks has become necessary. The present data were obtained by means of questionnaires sent to all sheep breeders belonging to the `Associaça~o Paulista de Criadores de Ovinos' (ASPACO; Sa~o Paulo State Association of Sheep Breeders). Response reliability was tested by means of random visits paid to 10.6% of the respondents. Most of the properties (89.5%) reported the presence of one or more ectoparasites. Screw-worm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) was the most frequent ectoparasite (72.5%), followed by bot fly larvae (Dermatobia hominis, 45.0%), ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) and Boophilus microplus, 31.3%) and finally lice (Damalinia ovis, 13.8%). Combined infestations also occurred, the most common one being screw-worm with bot fly larvae (36.0%) followed by bot fly larvae with ticks (13.9%), screw-worm with ticks (9.3%), bot fly larvae with lice (6.9%), and ticks with lice (5.0%). The most common triple combination was screw-worm, bot fly larvae and ticks (12.8%). Breeds raised for meat or wool were attacked by bot fly larvae and ticks more often than other breeds. Lice were only absent from animals of indigenous breeds. The relationships among these ectoparasites are discussed in terms of sheep breeds, flock size, seasonality and the ectoparasitic combinations on the host.  相似文献   

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