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1.
沙门氏菌是肠杆菌中最重要的病源菌,它广泛分布于自然界,是人类和动物的重要致病菌。由于动物的生前感染或食品受到污染,均可使人发生食物中毒,世界各地由微生物引起的食物中毒中,沙门氏菌食物中毒常占首位或第二位。在我国内陆地区由沙门氏菌引起的食物中毒屡居首位。因此,检查食品中的沙门氏菌极为重要,沙门氏菌主要污染畜产品,但在近两年,我们也从冷冻海产品中检出了沙门氏菌,这应该引起有关部门的重视。  相似文献   

2.
动物源性饲料产品极易受到病原微生物污染,并随后污染畜产品,再通过食物链引发人类疾病。引起食物中毒的沙门氏菌血清型很多,阿贡纳沙门氏菌为沙门氏菌属B血清群,阿贡纳沙门氏菌感染食物引起人急性肠炎在国内时有发生[1~3],但在饲料中检出尚未见报道。  相似文献   

3.
畜产品中沙门氏菌的危害及检测方法概述   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
在经济全球化条件下,一国畜产品的质量安全问题不仅关系到本国人民的生活与生命安全,而且还关系到整个人类的生活与生命安全。人和动物的沙门氏菌病一直是一个世界性问题,在各种畜产品中,细菌性食物中毒最为常见,而由沙门氏菌引起的食物中毒病例在食物中毒中居于前列。沙门氏菌菌型繁多,分布广泛,是一种重要的人畜共患病的病原体。  相似文献   

4.
猪/胴/体/沙/门/氏/菌/污/染/的/调/查   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
沙门氏菌能够引起人类的沙门氏菌病,而且由此菌引起的食物中毒占人类疾病的首位或第二位。动物生前感染或食品受到沙门氏菌污染常成为人类食物中毒的重要污染源。为此进行了生猪在屠宰加工过程中猪胴体、参与屠宰加工的工人,以及生产设备、用具、用水等方面的沙门氏菌污染状况调查。现将部分调查内容整理分析,以提高屠宰生猪胴体的卫生质量,杜绝或减少沙门氏菌的污染,防止食物中毒,将生物风险降到最低点。  相似文献   

5.
养鸡业中抑制沙门氏菌的方法朱钦龙译自《科学饲料》1994,(10):5沙门氏菌严重威胁着畜产品的安全卫生,它是人类食物中毒病原菌的重要微生物。由于沙门氏菌能在各种环境条件下滋生,想彻底抑制它是不可能的。卫、沙门氏菌大约100年前,美国农业部兽医师D....  相似文献   

6.
目前,在各种食物中毒事件中,一般以细菌性食物中毒多见,而细菌性食物中毒中,则又以沙门氏菌食物中毒的发病率最高。由于我国饲料市场还不规范,制售变质、掺假饲料屡见不鲜,且在某些地区畜禽私屠乱宰和贩卖病畜的情况时有发生,这些因素均可致使人畜由于感染沙门氏菌而发病。加强饲料的卫生管理,防止沙门氏菌的污染,不但是发展畜禽生产的需要,而且也是减少人类感染沙门氏菌,预防食物中毒的一项重要措施。  相似文献   

7.
禽沙门氏菌病是指由沙门氏菌属的细菌引起的禽类急性或慢性疾病。沙门氏菌是人畜共患病之一,在食品及公共卫生上极为重要。从前人的沙门氏菌食物中毒和鸡肉污染与此菌有关,尤其近几年来世界各国发生鸡蛋污染沙门氏菌引起人肠炎的食物中毒备受关注。  相似文献   

8.
沙门氏菌是一类对人类和动物健康构成极大危害的革兰氏阴性致病茵.是食品、水源及畜产品的重要污染菌,可引起人食物中毒、急性肠胃炎和动物腹泻等疾病。因此沙门氏菌的检测对公共卫生、食品卫生、畜牧兽医和口岸检疫等都具有重要意义。本文仅对沙门氏茵检测方法的研究进展进行简单的综合性概述,以期为预防食源性沙门氏茼感染提供借鉴  相似文献   

9.
1985年在欧美、1989年在日本,由沙门氏菌引起的食物中毒急剧增加。为此,1989年3月在瑞士召开了“关于防止鸡与蛋沙门氏菌污染”的世界卫生组织紧急会议,讨论食物中毒的原因和今后的预防对策,各国代表再一次一致认识到产蛋鸡及蛋的沙门氏菌污染的重要性。目前,日本主要从以下几个方面控制蛋鸡场的沙门氏菌污染。  相似文献   

10.
动物性产品中沙门氏菌的危害及控制措施   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
在各种动物性食品中,一般细菌性食物中毒最为常见,而由沙门氏菌引起的食物中毒病例在食物中毒中居首位或第二位。沙门氏菌菌型繁多,分布广泛,是重要的人畜共患病的病原体。人和动物的沙门氏菌病一直是一个世界性问题,沙门氏菌也一直作为食品中致病菌检测的一项重要指标。沙门氏菌污染不仅造成巨大经济损失,  相似文献   

11.
Two different groups of bacteria carrying genes encoding for resistance to antibiotics may be transmitted from animals to humans via food products: a.) obligate infectious agents (enteric pathogens, e.g. Salmonella enterica spp., Campylobacter spp., EHEC) and b) facultative pathogenic species (e.g. E. coli, enterococci). Thus far, it is unknown whether genes encoding for resistance to antibiotics from these bacteria may be transferred to bacteria in normal flora of the host. The transfers of genes encoding for resistance to vancomycin from animal sources to the mucosa of humans has been suggested. Thus, there is a threat that these plasmid-encoded resistance genes may also be transferred to other gram-positive organisms present in the human flora. Vancomycin is the antibiotic in reserve for treatment of infections caused by oxacillin (methicillin) resistant strains of S. aureus and by strains of pneumococcus resistant to penicillin.  相似文献   

12.
不同品牌市售鲜鸡蛋贮存过程中微生物变化比较研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
鸡蛋是人类膳食的重要组成部分,其产出与贮运销售过程中均存在沙门氏菌等致病菌污染隐患,直接影响鸡蛋的消费安全。作者对北京市场德青源、留民营等4种品牌包装鲜鸡蛋及散装鸡蛋在贮存过程中细菌总数、大肠菌群数及沙门氏菌数量变化进行了测定,研究了贮存过程中各品牌鸡蛋蛋壳、蛋清及蛋黄中的细菌总数,大肠菌群数随时间的变化情况及沙门氏菌的检出情况。研究结果发现,不同品牌的鸡蛋蛋壳表面在贮存初期细菌总数介于9.315×102~1.367×104 CFU/个,且随着贮存时间的延长呈上升趋势;品牌鸡蛋贮存初期蛋内容物均未检出污染细菌,而在贮存6 d后检出污染细菌,细菌总数与大肠菌群存在随着贮存时间的延长而增加的变化。除A品牌鸡蛋外,市售鲜蛋均存在沙门氏菌污染,蛋壳表面污染率为1.67%~8.3%,内容物中污染率为1.67%~5%。其中散装鸡蛋的细菌总数,大肠菌群数及沙门氏菌检出率均高于其它几种品牌的鸡蛋。  相似文献   

13.
In 1995 several outbreaks of food poisoning in humans occurred in Iceland, that were traced to salmonella contamination of singed sheep heads. This prompted us to study the prevalence of salmonella infection in sheep and to trace where and how infection might have occurred. Faecal, intestinal contents and tonsillar samples were collected in the spring and autumn from sheep on 50 farms in the southwestern part of the country, where salmonellosis had been detected and from 5 farms in the northwestern part of the country. All faecal samples from the southwest were negative, whereas samples from 3 farms obtained in the autumn in the northwest were positive. Tonsillae taken in the autumn were positive in sheep from 3 farms in the southwest and 2 in the northwest. Our results show that salmonella infection is rare in Icelandic sheep but healthy carriers my harbour the bacteria in tonsillae. Salmonella was not detected in drainage from slaughterhouses nor in singed sheep heads.  相似文献   

14.
在畜禽饲养管理过程中使用违禁药物或滥用药物,使用饲料添加剂或超量用药,不遵守休药期规定等均可引起畜产品兽药残留。同时饲养环境遭到污染也能致使药物残留,并且我国关于食品安全的法律法规不健全、监管力度不够等,致使畜产品中药物残留问题更加严重。人体摄入存在药物残留的食品后,不仅会引起急性、慢性或蓄积性中毒,还会致使机体细菌产生耐药性,甚至污染整个生活环境等。  相似文献   

15.
应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)技术,对厦门口岸进口的1000多份动物及其产品的样品进行致病菌的检测和鉴定,共检出20多种致病菌,并对这些菌株同时用传统生化鉴定方法进行确认。结果表明MALDI-TOF-MS对未知细菌进行鉴定,较传统方法更加快速、准确,而且可以进行高通量检测,可以广泛应用于口岸动物检疫以及微生物检验实验室的日常检验。此外,将国内分离鉴定的各种参考菌株建立的常见致病菌MALDI-TOF-MS数据库与布鲁克公司的MALDI Biotyper数据库进行病原菌鉴定的比较,结果表明,实验室自建的MALDI-TOF-MS数据库可以取得更加准确地结果。  相似文献   

16.
The majority of interactions between microorganisms and animals are based on convenient relations for both of them. Symbiotic microorganisms, like intestinal microbiota, produce important vitamins for animals and protects them from putative pathogens. In general, for monogastric animals, the main contribution of intestinal microorganisms is to supply with growth factors the animal diet, and in some cases they are responsible for providing essential vitamins (e.g. vitamin K). Some particular and relatively few microbes like viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and algae are responsible for animal illness. Because microorganisms are easily dispersed, display physiological diversity, and tolerate extreme conditions, they are ubiquitous and may contaminate and grow in many products, including food and raw materials. Foodborne diseases are caused by consumption of contaminated food or beverages. Many different disease-causing pathogens can contaminate food, so there are many different foodborne infections. In addition, poisonous chemicals and biological toxins can cause disease if they are present in food. To know how a particular disease is spreading is an important matter to take appropriate steps to stop it. For example Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections can spread through contaminated food (meat, vegetables, cheese, etc.), contaminated drinking water or juices, contaminated swimming water and from person to person. Among foodborne pathogens, the most frequently detected are bacteria, but also parasitic protozoa and worms, viruses, natural toxins and other pathogenic agents like prions are important agents for foodborne diseases. Particular pathogenic types of E. coli, classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms (toxins, adhesins, invasiveness, etc.) are actually known as E. coli virotypes. Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), which constitute the main part of this review, were also named verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) or Shiga toxigenic E. coli (STEC). EHEC strains cause haemorrhagic colitis (HC), haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura (TP) in humans. They synthetize shigatoxins (verotoxins) which are potent cytotoxic substances, adherence factors and enterohaemolysin. EHEC are responsible for many outbreaks of bloody diarrhoea caused by contaminated foods: beef, milk, fruits, juice, water, etc. The most important serogroups among EHEC are O26, O111 and O157, being O157:H7 the most relevant serotype in foodborne outbreaks. The normal intestinal microflora of cattle was found to be the most relevant reservoir of EHEC strains.  相似文献   

17.
兰州市肉与肉制品微生物污染状况的研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:了解兰州市定点屠宰场生猪屠宰加工产品的卫生质量以及肉与肉制品致病菌污染状况。方法:2003-2006年,应用国标法对2个定点生猪屠宰场300份生猪胴体样品进行了菌落总数、大肠菌群和沙门氏菌检验;采用随机采样法对兰州市不同酒店和超市的生猪肉、牛肉、羊肉、禽肉100份,熟肉制品1 200份进行了常见致病菌的检验。结果:生猪胴体体表和肉样沙门氏菌检出率分别为7.5%和14%;生肉检出致病菌阳性20份,总检出率为20%;熟肉制品检出致病菌阳性39份,阳性率为3.25%。生肉中以猪肉致病菌阳性率最高,为20%。结论:兰州市生猪胴体的卫生质量急需提高,屠宰生产加工水平亟待改善。  相似文献   

18.
羊沙门氏菌病是是由多种致病性沙门氏菌感染引发的一种急性传染性疾病,不同年龄品种的羊都可以受到病原侵染,其中对羔羊造成的危害最为严重,尤其是断奶不久后的羔羊感染沙门氏菌后,表现的临床症状最为明显,致死率最高。临床上由于致病性沙门氏菌的种类较多,侵染途径多样,一旦受到病原侵染,将很难清理,会造成羊群反复流行,带来的经济损失不可估量。该文主要探讨羊沙门氏菌病的流行特点与防治措施。  相似文献   

19.
A pathogenic bacteria was isolated from a dead goat,and it was identified as goat-pathogenic type A Clostridium perfringens by differential culture,biochemical test,molecular biological technology and animal pathogenicity test.Analysis results of toxin genes showed that this bacteria contained both α and β2 toxin genes.Animal pathogenicity test result showed that this bacteria was highly pathogenic to mice,and the same bacteria was isolated from dead mice as which was isolated from the dead goat,so it was certain that type A Clostridium perfringens was the main pathogenic bacteria which caused the goat dead.The results would provide scientific basis for the treatment and prevention of the disease caused by Clostridium perfringens in this goat farm.  相似文献   

20.
Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) are emetic toxins causing food poisoning in humans, because of their biological activity and structural relatedness They have been classified as members of the pyrogenic exotoxin superantigen family Among them nine major antigenic types of emetic enterotoxins were recognized In recent years several newly detected SEs were also discriminated, but their occurrence and role in human and animal diseases are not fully understood Neverthless, evidences of their pathogenic role and broad distribution in staphylococcal strains cumulate Therefore their importance as potential risk factor for food safety becomes essential For this reason their properties, genetic determinants and supposed mechanisms of the pathogenic activity are discussed in respect of their potential hazard to human health.  相似文献   

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