抗蓝舌病病毒VP7和NS2蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为建立蓝舌病病毒(BTV)的检测方法和研究该病毒蛋白的功能,本研究利用BTV血清8型(BTV8)免疫BALB/c小鼠,取免疫后的小鼠脾淋巴细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,制备单克隆抗体(MAb).并以BTV8作为包被抗原建立间接ELISA方法,经筛选获得了8株稳定分泌抗BTV8 MAb的杂交瘤细胞株(1B2、1F6、2B1、2D10、3B6、3D9、4D4和4D12).Western blot结果显示,MAb 1F6、2B1、2D10、3B6、3D9与BTV8 VP7蛋白反应,MAb B2、4D4、4D12与BTV8 NS2蛋白反应.间接免疫荧光结果显示,该8株MAb与24型BTV血清型呈不同的反应论系.本研究所获得的MAb为建立BTV免疫学检测方法和相关病毒蛋白的功能研究提供了实验依据.     

基因Ⅶ型新城疫病毒HN蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及特性研究

为制备基因Ⅶ型新城疫病毒(NDV)血凝素-神经氨酸酶蛋白(HN)的单克隆抗体(MAb),本研究利用JS/17病毒株的HN重组蛋白和活病毒分别免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾细胞与骨髓瘤细胞(SP2/0)融合,并通过ELISA、间接免疫荧光和western blot方法筛选,制备了3株特异性识别HN蛋白的单克隆抗体(MAb)。其中,MAb1D4和4D9具有病毒中和活性(VN)及血凝抑制作用(HI),可以识别多种基因型的Ⅱ类NDV,但与Ⅰ类NDV病毒株无反应。MAb 2G8识别线性表位131DYIGGIGKE139,该表位在各病毒株中高度保守。获得的3株MAb可以用于NDV的鉴定及HN蛋白的功能研究。     

鲤春病毒血症病毒单克隆抗体的制备及其特性鉴定

为获得针对鲤春病毒血症病毒(SVCV)特异性的单克隆抗体(MAb),以纯化的SVCV为抗原,免疫BALB/c小鼠.将免疫鼠的脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,采用间接ELISA法筛选获得4个能稳定分泌抗SVCV MAb的杂交瘤细胞株;4个杂交瘤细胞制备腹水的MAb效价为1:160 000～1:640 000.亚型鉴定结果表明,这些MAb分属2个亚型(1F1、3E1,IgG2a;3F5、4F9,IgGl),轻链均为K链.Western blot分析显示,MAb1F1、3F5、4F9能特异性地识别SVCV的N蛋白(47 ku),3E1能特异性地识别SVCV的G蛋白(69 ku).采用相加ELISA法对抗原表位分析结果显示,1F1、3F5、4F9可能识别相同的表位,3E1则识别不同的表位.间接免疫荧光试验结果显示4株MAb均能对染毒病灶产生特异性的荧光染色.这些MAb的制备为SVCV免疫学检测方法的建立奠定了基础.     

抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒N蛋白单克隆抗体制备与鉴定

为建立抗鸡传染性支气管炎病毒(IBV)的单克隆抗体(MAb),利用浓缩的IBV致弱株CK/CH/LDL97Ⅰ F115病毒免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用杂交瘤技术,经间接ELISA和有限稀释法,经筛选和克隆后获得了一株抗IBV N蛋白MAb的杂交瘤细胞系(2D2).经鉴定,其MAb的重链为lgG<.1>亚型,轻链为κ链.ELISA和westernblot试验结果表明,所获得的这株2D2 MAb可特异性识别IBV N蛋白.2D2 MAb可与多种血清型IBV发生反应,表明该MAb识别的表位可能位于N蛋白的保守区域.为进一步鉴定IBV的表位及诊断试剂的研究奠定了基础.     

抗东方马脑炎病毒结构蛋白E2单克隆抗体的制备及其抗原表位的鉴定

为制备抗东方马脑炎病毒(EEEV)结构蛋白E2的单克隆抗体(MAb)并鉴定其抗原表位,本研究以Bac-to-Bac真核表达系统表达EEEV E2蛋白,纯化后作为免疫原免疫BALB/c小鼠,取其脾淋巴细胞与小鼠骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0进行融合.以原核表达载体pET-30a表达并纯化的EEEV E2蛋白作为包被抗原建立间接ELISA方法筛选杂交瘤细胞,获得4株稳定分泌抗EEEV E2蛋白MAbs的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为6F3、6F11、7C11、8B11.Western blot与间接免疫荧光试验结果表明,获得的4株MAbs均与EEEV呈阳性反应,而与西方马脑炎病毒、乙型脑炎病毒以及登革热病毒1型～4型呈阴性反应.利用部分重叠的原核表达的短肽对E2蛋白抗原表位进行鉴定,初步确定MAb 6F11、7C11和8B11识别的抗原表位均为E-33 (321EGLEYTWGNHPPKRVW336),而MAb 6F3无短肽与其反应,推测可能为构象表位.本研究结果为建立EEEV型特异性检测方法、研究E2蛋白结构功能及该病的进一步防制奠定了基础.     

猪圆环病毒2型ORF2单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

以杆状病毒表达系统表达PCV2ORF2重组蛋白为免疫原,旨在获得针对PCV2的特异性单克隆抗体。用Sf9细胞表达PCV2ORF2重组蛋白,通过层析柱和超滤管浓缩法纯化PCV2ORF2重组蛋白。将纯化的PCV2ORF2重组蛋白免疫6周龄的雌性Balb/c小鼠,3次免疫后,取免疫后小鼠脾脏细胞与骨髓瘤细胞SP2/0融合,采用间接ELISA筛选,经过3次亚克隆获得4株能稳定分泌特异性抗体的杂交瘤细胞,命名为1H9、4C11、5B8和4F12株。IFA和Western blot试验说明,4株杂交瘤细胞分泌的抗体能与ORF2重组蛋白作用。特异性试验表明,4F12株单克隆抗体与猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2KQ22株)发生特异性反应,经抗体亚型鉴定1H9、4C11和5B8 3株亚型为IgG1/Kappa,4F12株为IgG2b/Kappa,1H9、4C11、5B8和4F12株小鼠腹水效价分别为105、104、106和105。表明获得了与PCV2特异性作用的单克隆抗体。     

牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒VP8蛋白表位鉴定

为鉴定牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV)的VP8蛋白抗原表位,本研究采用超速离心纯化的IBRV免疫BALB/c小鼠,通过杂交瘤技术获得了2株针对IBRV的VP8蛋白的单克隆抗体(MAb),命名为1F5和3C2。MAb1F5和3C2的腹水效价均大于1:4×10~5,亚型均为IgG1/κ。间接免疫荧光试验表明,2株MAb与IBRV呈特异性反应。利用肽扫描技术对MAb进行抗原表位鉴定,结果表明MAb3C2的抗原表位为~(138)PHRSLLERTA~(147),MAb1F5的抗原表位为~(183)GGGQEPG~(189),2株MAb针对的抗原表位在不同的IBRV分离株中高度保守。本研究为VP8蛋白的结构与功能的进一步分析及IBRV的检测奠定了基础。     

抗猪圆环病毒2型病毒样颗粒单克隆抗体的制备及鉴定

为制备能够特异性识别猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)病毒样颗粒(VLP)的单克隆抗体(MAb),本研究利用杆状病毒表达系统分别制备了具有VLP结构的核衣壳蛋白(Cap)和去掉核定位信号肽的tCap蛋白,以前者为免疫原,后者为筛选抗原制备了一株杂交瘤细胞(1F6),通过western blot、间接免疫荧光和透射电镜对其生物学特性进行鉴定。结果显示,1F6 MAb与PCV2 VLP具有良好的特异性反应,同时能够特异性识别天然PCV2和线性结构的Cap蛋白。本研究制备的MAb为PCV2抗原表位的鉴定和PCV2 VLP定量方法的建立提供了工具。     

猪圆环病毒2型Rep’蛋白单克隆抗体制备及其抗原表位鉴定

为制备猪圆环病毒2型Rep’蛋白单克隆抗体(MAb),本研究采用淋巴细胞瘤杂交技术制备其MAb,获得了1株能够稳定分泌抗PCV2-Rep’蛋白的杂交瘤细胞株,命名为3D1株。MAb亚类鉴定为IgG1/κ型,腹水效价达1∶819 200。Western blot分析表明,该MAb可与重组杆状病毒表达的PCV2-rRep’和PCV2-rRep蛋白发生特异性反应,具有良好的特异性和反应原性。采用MAb对PCV2感染细胞中Rep’蛋白抗原性进行了鉴定,证明该MAb能够与病毒Rep’蛋白产生特异性反应。采用合成肽扫描法对MAb对应的抗原表位鉴定,其核心序列为61FANFVKKQTFNKV73,位于PCV2-Rep’蛋白的N末端。制备的MAb及其抗原表位鉴定,为该病毒分子生物学及诊断技术的研究奠定了基础。     

牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒gD蛋白单克隆抗体的制备与鉴定

为制备牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒(IBRV)gD蛋白单克隆抗体,并对其免疫学特性进行分析与鉴定。用CHO细胞表达的IBRV-gD蛋白作为免疫原免疫8周龄的Balb/c小鼠,无菌取其脾细胞与SP2/0细胞进行细胞融合,筛选阳性杂交瘤细胞株,经小鼠腹腔注射,待小鼠腹腔膨胀后,收集腹水,纯化后进行单克隆抗体浓度、纯度、类及亚类、抗体效价、相对亲和常数、Western blot和间接免疫荧光测定。结果表明,筛选到2株阳性杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为4G3D4和9D7A7。4G3D4和9D7A7这2株单抗纯化后的浓度分别为2.6 mg/mL、1.6 mg/mL;亲和常数分别为2.30E+10、1.88E+09;抗体亚类均为IgG1,轻链为kappa链;且均能与IBRV发生特异性反应,与接种IBRV的MDBK细胞发生反应,产生特异性荧光;间接ELISA测定腹水效价分别为1∶204800、1∶12800。利用CHO细胞表达的IBRV-gD蛋白成功制备了2株单克隆抗体,为下一步建立特异性的IBRV检测方法奠定了基础。     

Characterization of two new monoclonal antibodies against Haemophilus paragallinarum serovar C hemagglutinating antigen

Two new monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), D6D8D5 and B3E6F9, both directed against Haemophilus paragallinarum serovar C hemagglutinating (HA) antigen, were produced, and characteristics of the MAbs were compared with those of the previously described MAb F2E6 in dot-blot and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) tests using two representative H. paragallinarum strains each of serovars A, B, and C strains and 55 Japanese serovar C field isolates. MAb D6D8D5 and MAb F2E6 reacted with all serovar C strains and field isolates in the dot-blot test. However, MAb D6D8D5 showed various degrees of inhibition of the HA activity of field isolates. In the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-competition test, MAb D6D8D5 did not compete with MAb F2E6. MAb B3E6F9 reacted with strain S1, serovar C but not with strain Modesto, serovar C in both dot-blot and HI tests. Three out of 55 field isolates did not react with MAb B3E6F9. Neither MAb reacted with the serovar A and B strains.     

Evaluation of a panel of monoclonal antibodies in the subtyping of Haemophilus paragallinarum.

A panel of four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) was evaluated, using a hemagglutination-inhibition test, for its ability to subtype 76 isolates of Haemophilus paragallinarum. The results of the MAb reactions were compared with the results of both the Page and Kume serotyping schemes (the serovars of the Page scheme correspond to the serogroups of the Kume scheme). One MAb (E5C12D10) was raised against a Page serovar A strain and the remaining MAbs (F2E6, D6D8D5, and B3E6F9) against a Page serovar C strain. Six different reaction patterns were found among the 76 isolates of H. paragallinarum. There was total correlation between the MAb reaction pattern and the Page scheme, and thus the Kume scheme, to the serogroup level. All 19 Page serovar A (= Kume serogroup A) strains reacted only with MAb E5C12D10, whereas all five Page serovar B (= Kume serogroup B) strains failed to react with any of the MAbs. All 52 remaining strains were Page serovar C (= Kume serogroup C), and all failed to react with MAb E5C12D10 but showed varying reaction patterns with the three other MAbs. Although the MAbs recognized four subdivisions within Kume serogroup C, these subdivisions differed from the four Kume C serovars. This panel of MAbs can be used to assign isolates of H. paragallinarum to either Page serovars or Kume serogroups. Although the subdivisions recognized by the MAbs within the Page serovar C strains do not correspond to the Kume serovars, they may be useful in epidemiological applications.     

犬轮状病毒单克隆抗体制备及胶体金试纸条检测方法的建立

【目的】 研发犬轮状病毒（Canine ratavirus,CRV）免疫学诊断试剂,制备并鉴定CRV特异性单克隆抗体,建立可用于检测CRV的胶体金免疫层析法。【方法】 以CRV临床分离株SL006株为免疫原免疫BALB/c雌性小鼠,用杂交瘤细胞法进行细胞融合,通过间接免疫荧光法（IFA）筛选可稳定分泌CRV单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,并制备腹水,亲和层析法进行纯化获得单克隆抗体。对获得的单克隆抗体进行鉴定,经条件优化建立胶体金试纸条检测方法,对试纸条的灵敏度、特异性、重复性和应用情况进行评价。【结果】 获得了4株杂交瘤细胞,分别命名为2C12、4A5、1H3、5F3,IFA效价分别为1：6 400、1：12 800、1：1 600和1：3 200;重链亚类分别为IgG2b、IgG2a、IgG1和IgG2a,轻链亚类均为kappa;制备的胶体金试纸条检测线包被单克隆抗体4A5,对照线包被羊抗鼠IgG,金标垫包被胶体金标记的单克隆抗体2C12,对CRV病毒液的检测灵敏度为10^4.2 TCID₅₀/mL,检测犬源其他病毒犬细小病毒（Canine parvovirus,CPV）、犬副流感病毒（Canine parainfluenza virus,CPIV）、犬腺病毒Ⅰ型（Canine adenovirus-Ⅰ,CAV-Ⅰ）、CAV-Ⅱ、犬瘟热病毒（Canine distemper virus,CDV）病毒液及CRV阴性肛拭子和阴性粪便均为阴性;批内和批间重复性良好;利用制备的胶体金试纸条和RT-PCR方法对47份样品进行检测比较,两者符合率为93.6%。【结论】 本研究建立的CRV胶体金试纸条检测方法具有良好的敏感性、特异性、重复性,与RT-PCR方法符合率较高,可为CRV的临床快速诊断提供有效的检测方法。     

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against an avian group A rotavirus.

Fifteen monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against an avian group A rotavirus were cloned and characterized. Eight of the 15 MAbs had neutralizing activity (N-MAbs). Five of the N-MAbs (1G1, 5B8, 4E2, 3G1, 2E3) were VP4-specific by radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA), and two N-MAbs (2D11, 6E8) were possibly VP7-specific (faint bands by RIPA). One N-MAb (4H12) of undefined protein specificity cross-reacted with serotype 3 simian rotaviruses. The other seven N-MAbs did not cross-react with any of the eight distinct serotypes of human and mammalian rotaviruses tested. Of the seven non-neutralizing MAbs, three were VP6-specific (3H10, 4B12, 5F6), two were VP8-specific (6C9, 1D1), one was VP4-specific (4E9), and one was of undefined protein specificity (1B11). Four non-neutralizing MAbs recognized only avian group A rotavirus in cell-culture immunofluorescence tests (6C9, 1D1, 4E9 and 5F6), whereas two MAbs (3H10 and 4B12) cross-reacted with all human and animal rotaviruses tested. The MAb 1B11 did not recognize any human rotavirus serotypes but cross-reacted with all nonhuman animal rotavirus serotypes. The MAbs produced in this study should be useful for the detection and further characterization of avian group A rotaviruses.     

Evaluation of two monoclonal antibodies for serotyping Haemophilus paragallinarum

Two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were evaluated for their ability to serotype 108 isolates of Haemophilus paragallinarum. One MAb (E5C12D10) was raised against a Page serovar A strain and the other (F2E6) against a Page serovar C strain. In both dot blot and hemagglutination-inhibition tests, MAb E5C12D10 recognized the type strains of Page serovar A and Kume serovars A-1, A-2, A-3, and A-4. MAb F2E6 recognized the type strains of Page serovar C and Kume serovars C-1, C-2, and C-3. Neither antibody recognized the type strains of Page serovar B or Kume serovars B-1 and C-4. When evaluated with 97 field isolates in a dot blot test, the MAbs serotyped 81 isolates, which was better than agglutinin typing by the Page scheme (69 isolates serotyped). The field isolates that did not react with the MAbs were either Page serovar B/Kume serovar B-1 (three isolates), Page serovar C/Kume serovar C-4 (12 isolates), or nontypable by either the Page or Kume scheme (one isolate).     

Antigenic variation among transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine respiratory coronavirus strains detected with monoclonal antibodies to the S protein of TGEV.

Five nonneutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAb) generated to the virulent Miller strain of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and specific for the S protein were characterized. Competition assays between purified and biotinylated MAb indicated that MAb 75B10 and 8G11 mapped near a new subsite, designated V and 2 MAb, 44C11 and 45A8, mapped to a previously designated subsite D. A fifth MAb mapped between subsites V and E. These MAb were tested with 3 previously characterized MAb to subsites A, E, and F in fixed-cell ELISA and cell culture immunofluorescent assays against 5 reference and 9 field strains of TGEV and 2 US strains (ISU-1 and ISU-3) of porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV). Subsites A, E, and F were conserved on all TGEV and PRCV strains examined. The 2 MAb to subsite V, 8G11 and 75B10, reacted only with the Miller TGEV strains (M5C, M6, and M60), except that 75B10 also recognized field strain U328. The MAb 11H8 did not react with 4 field strains or the Purdue strains of TGEV. The 2 MAb to subsite D reacted with all TGEV strains examined, but not with 2 US PRCV strains, 2 European PRCV strains, 1 feline infectious peritonitis virus strain, and 1 canine coronavirus strain. Because of this specificity for TGEV, but not PRCV, these latter 2 subsite D MAb may be useful for the development of competition ELISA to differentiate serologically between TGEV and PRCV infections in swine, similar to the currently used European subsite D MAb.     

用单克隆抗体进行副鸡嗜血杆菌定型

抗副鸡嗜血杆菌血清A和C型株所制备的两个血清型单克隆抗体（MAbs），分别对副鸡嗜血杆菌血清型A、B、C中的各型参考株作HI和dot－blotting试验。一种MAb（E5C12D10）为抗血清型A代表株221，另一种MAb（F2E6）为抗血清型C代表株S1。在两种试验中，不同血清型的MAbs可与对应的血清型中的副鸡嗜血杆菌株血凝（HA）抗原反应，而与血清型B代表株91、147均无反应。故这些MAbs可用于dot－blotting或HI试验进行副鸡嗜血杆菌定型。     

Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to subgroup J avian leukosis virus.

In an attempt to develop a specific diagnostic test for avian leukosis virus (ALV) subgroup J (ALV-J) strain Hc1, four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), JE9, G2, 145, and J47, were generated that are specific for ALV-J envelope glycoprotein, gp85. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify genomic pro-viral DNA of Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory (ADOL)-Hc1 and ADOL-4817 envelope genes. Both open reading frames encoding glycoproteins gp85 and gp37 were cloned into baculoviruses. Abundant expression of gp85 and gp37 was detected in the recombinant viruses with specific antibody to Hc1 strain of the ALV-J. The expressed proteins were used for immunization of mice to produce hybridoma cell lines secreting MAbs specific to ALV-J envelope protein. A panel of MAbs was generated by fusing NS1 myeloma cells and spleen cells from mice immunized with the recombinant baculoviruses. With the use of an immunofluorescence assay, three MAbs (JE9, G2, 145) reacted with ALV-J but not with subgroups A, B, C, D, or E of ALV. MAb J47 reacted with all exogenous subgroups of ALV including A, B, C, D, and J but not with endogenous subgroup E viruses. Western blot analysis was performed with all four MAbs against recombinant baculovirus and Hc1-infected chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) lysates. A major band with a molecular weight about 90 kD corresponding to the size of ALV-J envelope was consistently obtained. With these MAbs, we detected the Hc1 antigen in CEFs infected with several ALV-J viruses isolated in the United States and also in tissue sections from chickens infected with Hc1 strain of ALV-J. These MAbs will be useful reagents for the diagnosis of ALV-J infection because they recognize a common antigenic epitope in six isolates tested thus far.     

Characterization and use of monoclonal antibodies to identify Haemophilus paragallinarum serovars

Two serovar-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to Haemophilus paragallinarum serovars A/1 and C/2 strains, respectively, were developed and characterized by hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and dot-blotting tests using representative H. paragallinarum serovars A/1, B, and C/2 strains. In both the HI and dot-blotting tests, one MAb (E5C12D10), raised against strain 221, serovar A/1, reacted only with serovar A/1 strains, while the other MAb (F2E6), raised against strain S1 of serovar C/2, reacted with only serovar C/2 strains examined. In both tests, the two MAbs did not react with two serovar B strains. These results indicated that the two MAbs recognize serovar-specific hemagglutinating (HA) antigens of H. paragallinarum serovars A/1 and C/2 strains, respectively, and that a dot-blotting test using these MAbs is a practical alternative to the HI test for serotyping H. paragallinarum. Strains 0222 and Spross of serovar B, which did not react with these two MAbs, were found to possess serovar-specific HA antigen in cross-HI tests.     

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies against fowl poxvirus

Vaccines for the prevention of fowl pox in chickens and turkeys have been available for more than five decades. However, in recent years outbreaks have occurred in several previously vaccinated chicken flocks. Presumably, fowl poxviruses (FPVs) antigenically different from the attenuated vaccine strains are responsible for such occurrences. In support of this concept, we previously detected minor antigenic changes in field isolates based on comparative immunoblotting with polyclonal anti-FPV serum. Realizing the need for antibodies specific against the dominant antigens of FPV, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced by immunizing mice with either a field strain of FPV or a pigeon poxvirus, currently used for vaccination. Three hybridoma clones producing MAbs reacting with a specific FPV protein were selected from a total of 83 clones. In immunoblots, two of the MAbs, P1D9 and P2H10, recognized an antigen with an apparent molecular weight varying from 39 to 46 kD, depending on the FPV strain. The third MAb, P2D4, reacted with an approximately 80-kD protein, regardless of which FPV isolate was tested. Immunofluorescent staining with P1D9 and P2D4 revealed that these MAbs react with intracytoplasmic antigens in FPV-infected cells.