青海高寒草地资源及其永续利用

简述青海高寒草地资源的类型，数量和分布，分析资源的特点和利用中存在的主要问题，提出，针对高寒草地资源永续利用的问题，应采取的对策是：转变观念，科学决策，以草定畜，草畜吻合；封育草地，加快建设；建保护区，加强科研。     

内蒙古大兴安岭林区发展草地畜牧业潜力分析与对策

内蒙古大兴安岭林区草地资源较为丰富，发展林区草地畜牧业的潜力较大，但该地区草地资源和利用不均衡，有的草地严重超载，造成草场退化；而有此可利用草地尚未被充分利用，本文着重对充分利用的区域和自然条件优势及丰富的草地资源，发展林区畜牧业，建立绿色畜产品基地的潜力和对策，进行了切实可行的分析。     

祁连山北坡草地资源及退化现状分析

采用草地定期监测资料,分析了祁连山北麓草地资源及其退化草地现状。结果表明,2008年祁连山北麓现有草地面积433.00万hm2,可利用草地面积为391.00万hm2,草地鲜草总产量565.10万t;退化草地面积达332.00万hm2,其中沙化型退化草地27.22万hm2,病虫害型退化草地58.38万hm2,鼠兔害型退化草地49.30万hm2,毒草害型退化草地42.50万hm2,盐渍化型退化草地5.67万hm2,分别占研究区草地面积的6.29%、13.55%、11.44%、9.86%和1.32%。     

山丹马场草地改良对策

甘肃山丹马场草地资源丰富,不仅能够发展马场的畜牧业,还可起到保护祁连山生态环境、维护生态平衡的作用,有着极其重要的经济效益和社会效益。但是,近年来由于干旱少雨,加之全球气候转暖及过度放牧,导致该地区的生态系统遭到了严重的破坏。因此,必须要对天然草地进行合理的管理、保护和利用,对已退化的天然草场要采取相应的措施进行改良,以提高和发展山丹马场的畜牧业生产水平,使草地生态系统保持良性循环。介绍了山丹马场草地改良的对策。     

山丹马场草地改良对策

甘肃山丹马场草地资源丰富,不仅能够发展马场的畜牧业,还可起到保护祁连山生态环境、维护生态平衡的作用,有着极其重要的经济效益和社会效益。但是,近年来由于干旱少雨,加之全球气候转暖及过度放牧,导致该地区的生态系统遭到了严重的破坏。因此,必须要对天然草地进行合理的管理、保护和利用,对已退化的天然草场要采取相应的措施进行改良,以提高和发展山丹马场的畜牧业生产水平,使草地生态系统保持良性循环。介绍了山丹马场草地改良的对策。     

浅谈武隆县草地资源特点及其开发利用

武隆县草地资源丰富，可利用面积１１５７５７公顷，适宜发展草地畜牧业。本文对全县草地资源特点进行了分析，建议畜牧业向发展草地畜牧业倾斜，以草业生态系统理论指导开发利用草地资源，据其特点提出固定草地管理使用权、草地改良、人工种草、合理利用草地及草地资源区域开发利用意见。     

保护天然草地资源发展生态畜牧业

作为世界草原资源大国，我国草地畜牧业仍属弱势产业，主要原因是草地严重退化、草地灾害频繁、草地超载没有得到有效控制。针对这些问题，提出了保护和合理利用天然草地资源，以生态环境为本，以草为本，资源永续利用和以建设求发展的生态畜牧业。     

榆林地区草地资源持续高效利用研究

根据榆林地区的自然特点，分析了该区草地资源的利用现状，提出了持续高效利用的发展对策；（１）应用系统论原理，建立新的农林牧业关系；（２）建立永久性牧草基地，实行轮封轮牧；（３）推行补播，恢复植被，提高载畜能力；（４）建立水草蓄平衡系统；（５）加强草地科学的研究与技术推广；（６）建立草地畜牧业生产的监测与信息系统。     

扎兰屯市天然草地利用状况及对策

在简述了扎兰屯市天然草地资源概况的基础上，重点分析了该市草地利用状况，根据草地的载畜量以及草地利用状况，将全市的草地划分为草地超载退化区，畜草基本平衡区，少畜富草区；对不同区域的草地提出了合理利用建议。     

囊谦县草地资源的合理利用和保护

在分析囊谦县草地类型及利用的基础上，探讨如何进一步发挥草地资源优势，有针对性地提出了草地资源的合理利用及保护措施，以实现草地资源的可持续利用。     

Scrapie in goats in Cyprus

Ovine scrapie was first recorded in Cyprus in 1985. Subsequently four dairy goats kept in two mixed flocks with affected sheep developed characteristic clinical signs similar to those seen in sheep. Fifteen goats from the two flocks were examined histologically and neurological lesions consistent with a diagnosis of scrapie were found in the four animals and in three others which had subsequently developed early neurological signs. These lesions were similar to those of naturally-affected sheep although neuronal degeneration and vacuolation were more severe in some cases.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.