水分胁迫对覆膜滴灌棉花根系活力和叶片生理的影响

采用田间试验法,分析不同程度水分胁迫条件下棉花花铃期根尖根系活力、叶片叶绿素、脯氨酸和丙二醛含量变化,并对叶片脯氨酸、丙二醛含量和根系活力与土壤含水率进行相关性分析。试验以60 cm土层田间持水量的105%、100%、95%、90%、85%、80%为灌溉上限,共设6个灌水梯度,即5 400、4 950、4 500、3 750、2 850 m³/hm²和2 550 m³/hm²。结果表明：单株叶片干重及叶面积、地上部干生物量、株高、叶绿素含量随灌水量的减少而降低,根冠比随灌水量的减少而增加。脯氨酸及丙二醛含量随灌水量的降低而升高,且与土壤含水率呈负相关关系,相关系数（r）分别为-0.704和-0.667;根系活力随灌水量的降低而降低,与土壤含水率呈正相关关系,其相关系数为0.67。当灌水上限为95%,即灌水量为4 500 m³/hm²时,作物表现出轻微的水分胁迫,随灌溉量的继续降低,胁迫加重。植物体内脯氨酸、丙二醛含量及根系活力与土壤含水率的相关关系在一定程度上可以用来表征棉花受干旱程度,可为棉花的灌溉管理提供参考依据。     

不同灌水定额处理下基于有效积温玉米生长状况模拟研究

探究不同灌水定额对春玉米生长状况的影响,为优化克拉玛依地区春玉米灌溉制度提供理论依据。于2021年5月～9月,在克拉玛依农业综合开发区开展春玉米田间试验,研究玉米生育期内不同灌水量对株高、叶绿素、叶面积指数以及地上部生物量的影响,建立归一化Logistic模型,探究有效积温与玉米生长及生物量之间的相关关系。灌水定额由W1处理(225m³/hm²)提高至W5处理(525m³/hm²)时更有利于促进玉米生长;随有效积温增加,株高呈不断增长的趋势,叶绿素呈先增后减的趋势,叶面积指数和地上部干物质积累呈慢-快-慢动态变化,玉米叶面积指数拟合值和实际值拟合指数R²>0.9,玉米干物质积累量拟合方程的标准差小于0.06,表明通过Logistic模型建立的拟合方程可以较好模拟春玉米叶面积指数和干物质的变化及积累情况。W5处理(525m³/hm²)相对叶面积指数理想条件下的最大值高于其他处理,玉米地上部干物质积累时间较长,快增期内增长速率最大。...     

滴灌条件下春小麦耗水规律研究

通过对滴灌(4个水分处理:150、300、450mm和600 mm)和漫灌(CK)不同品种(新春6号、新春22号)的春小麦生育期耗水量的分析,研究新疆石河子地区滴灌春小麦的作物系数、耗水规律及对产量的影响。结果表明:滴灌小麦各水分处理耗水量随着灌水量的增大而增大,整个生育期内蒸发蒸腾量为545.94 mm,平均阶段耗水强度为5.35 mm/d;蒸散量、蒸散强度呈抛物线型,在抽穗~乳熟期达到最高点;滴灌小麦的产量与耗水量呈单峰曲线关系;不同生育阶段的作物系数与FAO推荐的单值作物系数法查得的作物系数不同,在初始生长期、生育后期都大于标准条件下的作物系数值。     

膜下滴灌条件下棉花年际需水量变化试验分析

为探索新疆准噶尔盆地南缘区膜下滴灌棉花年际需水量、水分生产率、作物系数、生长动态等变化,连续3年开展了灌溉试验,研究棉花耗水规律及气象因素对耗水规律的影响。结果表明:棉花生育期总耗水量随灌水量增加而增大,各处理(处理T1、T2、T3、T4分别为300、375、450、525 m~3·hm~(-2))耗水量差异显著,耗水量在343~625 mm之间;不同年份气象要素中气温对棉花生育阶段需水量影响最大;棉花皮棉产量与全生育期灌水量呈二次抛物线关系,水分生产率随灌水量的增加而降低,其值范围0.65~0.34 kg·m~(-3);不同时期棉花作物系数大小表现为:开花~吐絮现蕾~开花吐絮~收花出苗~现蕾播种~出苗,全生育期作物系数呈现单峰值变化,峰值出现在开花~吐絮期;生育期内棉花株高、叶面积指数和叶绿素均呈先增后减,最后保持平稳的趋势。不同处理棉花株高和叶面积指数与灌水量呈正比关系,随灌水量增大而增加,全生育期内株高和叶面积指数峰值出现在花铃期,叶绿素峰值出现在蕾期。     

水-肥-盐耦合对滴灌加工番茄生长和产量的影响

为探求北疆地区微咸水滴灌条件下加工番茄高效生产的水肥耦合模式,以加工番茄‘金番3166’为研究对象,设置3个灌水量水平：5 200(W1)、4 500(W2)、3 600 m³·hm^-2(W3),3个施氮量水平：300(N1)、240(N2)、180 kg·hm^-2(N3),3个矿化度水平：1(S1)、3(S2)、5 g·L^-1(S3),采用L9(3³)正交试验设计,研究灌水量、灌水矿化度、施氮量耦合对滴灌加工番茄的生长、产量及水肥利用效率的影响。结果表明：在微咸水灌溉时,W1N2S2处理地上部干物质积累量在果实膨大期达到最大(195.52 g·株^-1)。与W1N1S1相比,W1N2S2、W1N3S3处理产量和灌溉水利用效率分别降低17.85%、27.19%和17.84%、27.16%,氮肥偏生产力分别增加6.11%和25.40%。综合考虑加工番茄生长、品质、产量及水肥利用效率,各因素影响大小表现为：灌水量>矿化度>施氮量。基于综合评分法对各指...     

地埋滴灌对紫花苜蓿耗水、产量及水分生产率的影响

为了探索地埋滴灌紫花苜蓿的最佳灌水量和滴灌带埋设深度,采用田间试验设置15.0、22.5 mm和30.0 mm三种灌水水平与10、20 cm和30 cm三种滴灌带埋设深度处理,研究灌水量、滴灌带埋深对紫花苜蓿耗水量、产量及水分生产率的影响。结果表明:地埋滴灌紫花苜蓿耗水量、产量和水分生产率均随灌水量的增加而显著增加(P0.01),均随滴灌带埋深的增加先增大(P0.01)后减小(P0.05);总生长季紫花苜蓿总耗水量为400~500 mm,总产量为7 500~12 000 kg·hm~(-2),水分生产率为1.80~2.50 kg·m~(-3)。建议地埋滴灌紫花苜蓿采用滴灌带埋深为20 cm,灌水定额为22.5~30 mm,灌水周期5~7 d的灌溉制度。     

利用微生物杀菌剂防治马铃薯黄萎病

马铃薯黄萎病是一种重要的世界性土传兼种传维管束病害，危害大且防治困难。利用活体微生物杀菌剂是防治作物土传病害的有效措施之一。本研究通过盆栽试验评价了微生物杀菌剂枯草芽胞杆菌可湿性粉剂对马铃薯出苗和生长的安全性，在河北省马铃薯主产区开展田间小区试验，研究了该制剂有效防治马铃薯黄萎病的使用方法和适宜施用剂量，并在河北省涞源县、围场县和永年区3县区分别开展了田间示范应用。盆栽试验和田间试验结果表明，枯草芽胞杆菌可湿性粉剂15、30和45 kg/hm²拌种处理对马铃薯出苗安全，对马铃薯生长没有不良影响；田间小区试验表明，在围场县试验田中，该制剂30 kg/hm²拌种处理单独使用或30 kg/hm²拌种加15 kg/hm²初花期滴灌使用均能显著减轻马铃薯黄萎病的发生，分别增产15.53%和17.10%；在新乐市试验田，枯草芽胞杆菌可湿性粉剂30 kg/hm²拌种处理显著增加马铃薯产量16.38%。田间示范应用结果表明，枯草芽胞杆菌可湿性粉剂30 kg/hm²拌种处理在涞源县和围场县防治马铃薯黄萎病效果显著，防效分别为84.22%和72.93%，两地分别显著增产24.30%和9.27%；在邯郸市永年区，相比化学药剂对照处理，枯草芽胞杆菌可湿性粉剂30 kg/hm²拌种处理显著增加马铃薯产量19.73%。本研究表明，枯草芽胞杆菌可湿性粉剂对马铃薯黄萎病具有显著的防治效果和显著的增产效果，为该制剂在马铃薯生产中高效应用提供了科学依据。     

滴灌减氮对四川盆地玉米吐丝后叶片衰老和物质积累的影响

为研究滴灌减氮对玉米吐丝后叶片衰老特性、碳氮代谢及物质积累的影响,设置正常施氮(240 kg·hm^-2,N₂₄₀)和减氮25%(180 kg·hm^-2,N₁₈₀)2个氮肥量和4个滴灌水平(0 m³·hm^-2,B₀;375 m³·hm^-2,B₁;750 m³·hm^-2,B₂;1 125 m³·hm^-2,B₃),并以不施氮且不滴灌为对照组(CK),分析比较了不同氮肥水平下滴灌对玉米吐丝后穗位叶叶绿素含量、保护酶(超氧化物歧化酶,SOD;过氧化物酶,POD;过氧化氢酶,CAT)和碳氮代谢酶(蔗糖合成酶,SS;谷氨酰胺合成酶,GS)活性及物质积累的影响。结果表明：玉米吐丝后穗位叶叶绿素含量、保护酶和碳氮代谢酶活性以及吐丝后物质积累量均随施氮量和滴灌...     

南疆盆地亏缺灌溉和覆膜对油莎豆生物量及产量的影响

研究南疆盆地油莎豆（Cyperus esculentus）滴灌覆膜的效果和最适宜的灌溉制度,为构建南疆盆地油莎豆节水高产管理栽培模式提供参考。通过1 a的试验,在覆膜（M）和不覆膜（NM）条件下,设置3种水分处理水平,即：CK处理(对照,以当地常用灌溉量5316.45 m³·hm^-2)、T1处理(灌溉量为3431.40 m³·hm^-2)和T2处理(灌溉量为4133.85 m³·hm^-2),灌溉频率为6～10 d,研究覆膜和水分控制对油莎豆生长、品质、产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：（1）油莎豆的密度受水处理的影响显著（P<0.05）,而根冠比受水处理影响不显著（P>0.05）。（2）覆膜处理的草粗脂肪、可溶性淀粉、可溶性糖含量比未覆膜平均提高58.82%、3.35%和17.20%,覆膜处理块茎的粗脂肪含量、可溶性淀粉、可溶性糖含量均高于未覆膜的,分别增加了7.48%、2.56%和2.55%,且水处理间差异不显著（P>0.05）,但是均...     

基于WEAP的塔里木河干流灌溉满足度模拟

根据《塔里木河流域近期综合治理规划》规定的水权分配方案,以保障干流天然植物正常生长所需水分和塔里木河下游不断流为前提,模拟计算了塔里木河干流现状灌溉需水的满足度。首先,采用定额法估算塔里木河干流天然植被需水量,选用90%保障率最枯月平均流量法,估算塔里木河干流最小河道内生态需水量,得出塔里木河干流不同保障率的水资源可利用量;其次,建立了塔里木河干流水资源评价和规划模型（WEAP）,估算了各灌区基准年的需水量;最后,模拟计算了不同保障率下各灌区逐月的需水满足度。结果表明：随着来水保障率的提高,除了塔里木河下游灌区需水得到满足外,其他各灌区各月需水满足度出现不同程度的下降,生产用水与生态用水矛盾逐渐突出。在平水年、枯水年和特枯水年,灌溉总缺水量分别为0.43×10⁸ m³、1.29×10⁸ m³和2.44×10⁸ m³,缺水最严重的月份主要集中在3月、11月,其次为4月和5月,缺水量最大的为塔里木河中游灌区。     

Interactive effects of deficit irrigation and vermicompost on yield,quality, and irrigation water use efficiency of greenhouse cucumber

Water scarcity is the most significant barrier to agricultural development in arid and semi-arid regions. Deficit irrigation is an effective solution for managing agricultural water in these regions. The use of additives such as vermicompost (VC) to improve soil characteristics and increase yield is a popular practice. Despite this, there is still a lack of understanding of the interaction between irrigation water and VC on various crops. This study aimed to investigate the interaction effect of irrigation water and VC on greenhouse cucumber yield, yield components, quality, and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). The trials were done in a split-plot design in three replicates in a semi-arid region of southeastern Iran in 2018 and 2019. Three levels of VC in the experiments, i.e., 10 (V₁), 15 (V₂), and 20 t/hm² (V₃), and three levels of irrigation water, i.e., 50% (I₁), 75% (I₂), and 100% (I₃) of crop water requirement were used. The results showed that the amount of irrigation water, VC, and their interaction significantly affected cucumber yield, yield components, quality, and IWUE in both years. Reducing the amount of irrigation water and VC application rates reduced the weight, diameter, length, and cucumber yield. The maximum yield (175 t/hm²) was recorded in full irrigation using 20 t/hm² of VC, while the minimum yield (98 t/hm²) was found in I₁V₁ treatment. The maximum and minimum values of IWUE were recorded for I₁V₃ and I₃V₁ treatments as 36.07 and 19.93 kg/(m³?hm²), respectively. Moreover, reducing irrigation amount decreased chlorophyll a and b, but increased vitamin C. However, the maximum carbohydrate and protein contents were obtained in mild water-stressed conditions (I₂). Although adding VC positively influenced the value of quality traits, no significant difference was observed between V₂ and V₃ treatments. Based on the results, adding VC under full irrigation conditions leads to enhanced yield and IWUE. However, in the case of applying deficit irrigation, adding VC up to a certain level (15 t/hm²) increases yield and IWUE, after which the yield begins to decline. Because of the salinity of VC, using a suitable amount of it is a key point to maximize IWUE and yield when applying a deficit irrigation regime.     

膜下滴灌条件下不同水分处理对棉花产量和水分利用效率的影响

为探索新疆膜下滴灌棉田方便快捷的高效灌水模式,分别于2007年和2009年在乌鲁木齐采用大田小区试验,通过自制蒸发皿水面蒸发量控制灌水,研究了膜下滴灌条件下棉花生长和籽棉产量以及水分利用效率对不同水分处理的响应;两个生长季的试验结果表明,与全生育期充分灌水处理相比,蕾期和花铃期持续亏水处理均对棉花生长、产量和耗水过程产生不同程度的负面影响,但适时适度的水分亏缺对棉花籽棉产量的影响不明显,而且可节约22.78%~24.88%的灌水量,灌溉水利用效率提高了27.94%~34.85%。蕾期轻度亏水(灌水定额为70%水面蒸发量)、花铃后期重度亏水(灌水定额为50%水面蒸发量)、花铃前期充分供水(灌水定额为100%水面蒸发量)的调亏灌溉模式是一种方便快捷的优质高效灌溉模式,可作为膜下滴灌条件下新疆棉花生产的一种适宜灌水模式。     

Promoting the production of salinized cotton field by optimizing water and nitrogen use efficiency under drip irrigation

Cotton is the main economically important crop in Xinjiang, China, but soil salinization and shortage of water and nutrients have restricted its production. A field experiment was carried out in the salinity-affected arid area of Northwest China from 2018 to 2019 to explore the effects of nitrogen and water regulation on physiological growth, yield, water and nitrogen use efficiencies, and economic benefit of cotton. The salinity levels were 7.7 (SL) and 12.5 dS/m (SM). Drip irrigation was used with low, medium and adequate irrigation levels representing 60%, 80% and 100% of cotton crop water demand, respectively, and three nitrogen applications, i.e., 206, 275 and 343 kg/hm², accounting for 75%, 100% and 125% of local N application, respectively were used. The multi-objective optimization based on spatial analysis showed that, at SL salinity, water use efficiency (WUE), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), economic benefit and yield simultaneously reached more than 85% of their maxima at 379.18-398.32 mm irrigation and 256.69-308.87 kg/hm². At SM salinity, WUE, yield and economic benefit simultaneously reached more than 85% of their maxima when irrigation was 351.24-376.30 mm and nitrogen application was 230.18-289.89 kg/hm². NUE, yield and economic benefit simultaneously reached their maxima at 428.01-337.72 mm irrigation, and nitrogen application range was 222.14-293.93 kg/hm². The plants at SL salinity had 21.58%-46.59% higher WUE rates, 14.91%-34.35% higher NUE rates and 20.71%-35.34% higher yields than those at SM salinity. The results are of great importance for the nutrient and water management in cotton field in the arid saline area.     

Evaluating agricultural water-use efficiency based on water footprint of crop values: a case study in Xinjiang of China

Efficient agricultural water use is crucial for food safety and water conservation on a global scale. To quantitatively investigate the agricultural water-use efficiency in regions exhibiting the complex agricultural structure, this study developed an indicator named water footprint of crop values (WFV) that is based on the water footprint of crop production. Defined as the water volume used to produce a unit price of crop (m³/CNY), the new indicator makes it feasible to directly compare the water footprint of different crops from an economic perspective, so as to comprehensively evaluate the water-use efficiency under the complex planting structure. On the basis of WFV, the study further proposed an indicator of structural water-use coefficient (SWUC), which is represented by the ratio of water-use efficiency for a given planting structure to the water efficiency for a reference crop and can quantitatively describe the impact of planting structure on agricultural water efficiency. Then, a case study was implemented in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China. The temporal and spatial variations of WFV were assessed for the planting industries in 14 prefectures and cities of Xinjiang between 1991 and 2015. In addition, contribution rate analysis of WFV for different prefectures and cities was conducted to evaluate the variations of WFV caused by different influencing factors: agricultural input, climatic factors, and planting structure. Results from these analyses indicated first that the average WFV of planting industries in Xinjiang significantly decreased from 0.293 m³/CNY in 1991 to 0.153 m³/CNY in 2015, corresponding to an average annual change rate of -3.532%. WFV in 13 prefectures and cities (with the exception of Karamay) has declined significantly during the period of 1991-2015, indicating that agricultural water-use efficient has effectively improved. Second, the average SWUC in Xinjiang decreased from 1.17 to 1.08 m³/CNY in the 1990s, and then declined to 1.00 m³/CNY in 2011-2015. The value of SWUC was highly consistent with the relative value of WFV in most prefectures and cities, showing that planting structure is one of the primary factors affecting regional agricultural water-use efficiency. Third, the contribution rate of WFV variations from human factors including agricultural input and planting structure was much more significant than that from climatic factors. However, the distribution of agricultural input and the adjustment of planting structure significantly differed among prefectures and cities, suggesting regional imbalances of agricultural development. This study indicated the feasibility and effectiveness of controlling agricultural water use through increasing technical input and rational selection of crops in the face of impending climate change. Specifically, we concluded that, the rational application of chemical fertilizers, the development of the fruit industry, and the strict restriction of the cotton industry should be implemented to improve the agricultural water-use efficiency in Xinjiang.     

Effect of soil management on soil erosion on sloping farmland during crop growth stages under a large-scale rainfall simulation experiment

Soil erosion on farmland is a critical environmental issue and the main source of sediment in the Yellow River, China. Thus, great efforts have been made to reduce runoff and soil loss by restoring vegetation on abandoned farmland. However, few studies have investigated runoff and soil loss from sloping farmland during crop growth season. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of soil management on runoff and soil loss on sloping farmland during crop growth season. We tested different soybean growth stages (i.e., seedling stage (R1), initial blossoming stage (R2), full flowering stage (R3), pod bearing stage (R4), and initial filling stage (R5)) and soil management practice (one plot applied hoeing tillage (HT) before each rainfall event, whereas the other received no treatment (NH)) by applying simulated rainfall at an intensity of 80 mm/h. Results showed that runoff and soil loss both decreased and infiltration amount increased in successive soybean growth stages under both treatments. Compared with NH plot, there was less runoff and higher infiltration amount from HT plot. However, soil loss from HT plot was larger than that from NH plot in R1-R3, but lower in R4 and R5. In the early growth stages, hoeing tillage was effective for reducing runoff and enhancing rainfall infiltration. By contrast, hoeing tillage enhanced soil and water conservation during the late growth stages. The total soil loss from HT plot (509.0 g/m²) was 11.1% higher than that from NH plot (457.9 g/m²) in R1-R5. However, the infiltration amount from HT plot (313.9 mm) was 18.4% higher than that from NH plot (265.0 mm) and the total runoff volume from HT plot was 49.7% less than that from NH plot. These results indicated that crop vegetation can also act as a type of vegetation cover and play an important role on sloping farmland. Thus, adopting rational soil management in crop planting on sloping farmland can effectively reduce runoff and soil loss, as well as maximize rainwater infiltration during crop growth period.     

乌鲁木齐市生态足迹分析

基于传统生态足迹模型改进的“本地生态足迹”模型,引入热值概念,以新疆土地平均生产力为核算标准,调整乌鲁木齐市生态足迹模型中的3大核心参数,测算了乌鲁木齐市2000-2010年各类型土地实际发生的生态足迹、生态承载力和生态盈余。结果表明：乌鲁木齐市人均生态足迹从2000年的每人5.63 hm²增加到2010年的24.0 hm²,而人均生态承载力从2000年的0.84 hm²下降到2010年的0.57 hm²,人均生态赤字从2000年的4.54 hm²增加到2010年的23.04 hm²。2000年以来,除了牧草地以外,其他类型土地均是生态赤字,建设用地是乌鲁木齐市生态足迹和生态赤字的最大贡献者,2010年对生态赤字的贡献达到了93.04%。牧草地则是生态承载力的最大供给者,但自2004年以来其生态盈余呈不断下降趋势,表明乌鲁木齐市土地生态系统处于超负荷利用状态。应通过减少人口压力、提高耕地、牧草地等的平均生产力,大力实施循环经济等措施来减少乌鲁木齐市生态足迹,增加生态承载力,以实现土地的可持续利用。     

Ridge-furrow plastic mulching with a suitable planting density enhances rainwater productivity,grain yield and economic benefit of rainfed maize

Soil surface mulching and planting density regulation are widely used for effective utilization of limited rainwater resources and improvement of crop productivity in dryland farming.However,the combined effects of mulching type and planting density on maize growth and yield have been seldom studied,especially in different hydrological years.A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of mulching type and planting density on the soil temperature,growth,grain yield(GY),water use efficiency(WUE)and economic benefit of rainfed maize in the drylands of northern China during 2015-2017.Precipitation fluctuated over the three years.There were four mulching types(NM,flat cultivation with non-mulching;SM,flat cultivation with straw mulching;RP,plastic-mulched ridge plus bare furrow;RPFS,plastic-mulched ridge plus straw-mulched furrow)and three planting densities(LD,low planting density,45.0×10^3 plants/hm^2;MD,medium planting density,67.5×10^3 plants/hm^2;HD,high planting density,90.0×10^3 plants/hm^2).Results showed that soil temperature was higher with RP and lower with SM compared with NM,but no significant difference was found between RPFS and NM.More soil water was retained by soil mulching at the early growth stage,but it significantly varied at the middle and late growth stages.Maize growth was significantly improved by soil mulching.With increasing planting density,stem diameter,net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content tended to decline,whereas a single-peak trend in biomass yield was observed.Mulching type and planting density did not have significant effect on evapotranspiration(ET),but GY and WUE were significantly affected.There were significant interacting effects of mulching type and planting density on biomass yield,GY,ET and WUE.Compared with NM,RPFS,RP and SM increased GY by 57.5%,50.8%and 18.9%,and increased WUE by 66.6%,54.3%and 18.1%,respectively.At MD,GY increased by 41.4%and 25.2%,and WUE increased by 38.6%and 22.4%compared with those of at LD and HD.The highest maize GY(7023.2 kg/hm^2)was observed under MD+RPFS,but the value(6699.1 kg/hm^2)was insignificant under MD+RP.Similar trends were observed for WUE under MD+RP and MD+RPFS,but no significant difference was observed between these two combinations.In terms of economic benefit,net income under MD+RP was the highest with a 9.8%increase compared with that of under MD+RPFS.Therefore,we concluded that RP cultivation pattern with a suitable planting density(67.5×10^3 plants/hm^2)is promising for rainwater resources utilization and maize production in the drylands of northern China.     

Reducing water and nitrogen inputs combined with plastic mulched ridge-furrow irrigation improves soil water and salt status in arid saline areas,China

Plastic mulched ridge-furrow irrigation is a useful method to improve crop productivity and decrease salt accumulation in arid saline areas. However, inappropriate irrigation and fertilizer practices may result in ecological and environmental problems. In order to improve the resource use efficiency in these areas, we investigated the effects of different irrigation amounts (400 (I1), 300 (I2) and 200 (I3) mm) and nitrogen application rates (300 (F1) and 150 (F2) kg N/hm²) on water consumption, salt variation and resource use efficiency of spring maize (Zea mays L.) in the Hetao Irrigation District (HID) of Northwest China in 2017 and 2018. Result showed that soil water contents were 0.2%-8.9% and 13.9%-18.1% lower for I2 and I3 than for I1, respectively, but that was slightly higher for F2 than for F1. Soil salt contents were 7.8%-23.5% and 48.5%-48.9% lower for I2 than for I1 and I3, but that was 1.6%-5.5% higher for F1 than for F2. Less salt leaching at the early growth stage (from sowing to six-leaf stage) and higher salt accumulation at the peak growth stage (from six-leaf to tasseling stage and from grain-filling to maturity stage) resulted in a higher soil salt content for I3 than for I1 and I2. Grain yields for I1 and I2 were significantly higher than that for I3 and irrigation water use efficiency for I2 was 14.7%-34.0% higher than that for I1. Compared with F1, F2 increased the partial factor productivity (PFP) of nitrogen fertilizer by more than 80%. PFP was not significantly different between I1F2 and I2F2, but significantly higher than those of other treatments. Considering the goal of saving water and nitrogen resources, and ensuring food security, we recommended the combination of I2F2 to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture in the HID and other similar arid saline areas.