稻象甲及其防治措施

稻象甲及其防治措施龚标勋海南省琼海市中原植保服务站５７１４３７）稻象甲（ＥｃｈｉｎｅｍｕｓｓｇｕａｍｅｕｓＢｉｌｂｅｒｇ）又称水稻象鼻虫,属鞘翅目,耳喙象虫科害虫。据报道,５０年代我国东北地区曾有此虫分布记载,但尚未见大面积发生危害的报道。目前我国南...     

防治稻象甲的药剂筛选试验

试验结果表明:防治稻象甲可使用封钻蛀600倍,40%毒死蜱乳油1 000倍作为轮换药剂。     

泰和县稻象甲发生概况与防治对策

泰和县位于赣中地区 ,是一个以粮食作物为主的农业大县。近几年 ,随着气候条件的改变及耕作制度的改革 ,稻象甲逐渐上升为该县水稻的一种重要害虫 ,给农业生产造成很大威胁。本文就稻象甲在该县的发生作一介绍 ,并提出防治对策。1　发生概况稻象甲在该县一年发生二代。越冬代成虫4月上旬开始活动。4月上、中旬 ,大量迁入早稻秧田 ,危害早稻苗并产卵繁殖。成虫咬食心叶 ,折断秧苗 ,造成断垄少秧。以旱床育秧秧苗受害最重 ,抛秧秧苗次之 ,水育秧苗受害最轻。 5月中下旬 ,一代幼虫咬食水稻新根 ,造成禾叶枯黄、卷缩 ,严重的成块矮缩、枯死。一…     

稻象甲发生危害及防治

稻象甲在我国危害有回升趋势 ,不少稻区已成为水稻前期重要害虫。研究表明 ,造成危害的主要原因是耕作制度的改变、栽培技术的更新和农药品种的换代 ,使本地虫源积累。根据发生特点 ,提出“合理耕作、诱杀成虫、治成虫控幼虫”的防治策略。关键性防治措施是压低虫源。     

稻象甲回升原因及防治对策

稻象甲在应城市每年发生1代,从1990年开始,稻象甲明显回升,发生为害逐年加重,到2000年时稻象甲已由次要害虫上升为主要害虫,成为应城市常发性害虫之一.一般中稻秧苗被害率在10%左右,严重田块中稻秧苗受害率达60%以上.     

赣北山区稻象甲猖獗为害原因浅析与防治对策初探

稻田周围植被覆盖率高,稻田土壤水份含量低,越冬及栖息场所复杂,一季稻面积大,抗药性强,虫口密度高等是稻象甲猖獗为害的主要原因;综合运用铲除田边、沟边杂草,多犁多耙,单季改双季,糖醋液毒杀,点灯诱杀成虫和艾美乐(吡虫啉)防治成虫,克百威防治幼虫,是行之有效的防控措施。     

稻象甲发生规律及防治

我场常年水稻种植面积３３５０ｈｍ２，由于人少田多，稻田种植多年来一直采用单季稻种植及近几年部分面积应用水稻旱育抛秧再生栽培方法。种植品种绝大部分为汕优６３。进入９０年代以来，稻象甲在我场从无到有，从零星发生到大面积遭危害。目前己成为危害水直播田、旱育抛秧再生稻田、中插秧田低龄幼苗的一主要害虫。现将其发生规律及防治办法简述如下；１生活习性稻象甲在我场危害代一年一代。主要以成虫在田埂的杂草基部及土缝或稻内越冬。据近几年的越冬基数调查，未冬耕田块一般百成虫１０～２０头，幼虫０．５～３．７头，田埂成虫１…     

稻象甲发生与防治

稻象甲Echinocnemus sguameus Billberg,俗称钩鼻子虫,属鞘翅目耳喙象虫科。此虫,近两年来在赣南的为害急剧上升,是值得注意防治的一种水稻害虫。笔者1984—1985年在赣州市沙石乡吉埠村与蟠龙乡长塘和高楼村调查,发现早稻秧田和本田与二晚秧田和本田稻象甲为害很普     

稻象甲回升原因及其防治技术

稻象甲回升原因及其防治技术黄玉富，高联义，尹祝生，李美珍李华（江苏姜堰市农业技术推广中心２２５５２９）（靖江市植保站）近年来，随着免（少）耕麦的推广及直播稻、小苗抛栽等栽培技术的推广，稻象甲的发生为害呈加重趋势。为此，作者从１９８９～１９９５年对该虫...     

大豆菌核病的防治适期与防治指标

采用系统调查和统计分析的方法，研究了大豆菌核病的防治适期和防治指标。试验结果表明，子囊盘发生期与大豆开花期的重叠盛期是菌核病防治适期，一般以7月20－25日为宜。7月25日前子囊盘数量和病情指数与产量损失极相关，而且子囊盘数量作为产量损失估计和防治指标确定更为科学准确，其回归模型为Y＝－4．5499＋2．311X（r=0.8442)，防治指标为3－4个子囊盘／9．75m^2。     

Modelling the effects of herbicide dose and weed density on rice‐weed competition

The effects of herbicide dose on rice‐weed competition were investigated to develop a combined model, which can be utilised to estimate an optimum herbicide dose for a given weed density in paddy rice cultivation. Field studies were conducted in Suwon for rice‐Echinochloa crus‐galli competition and Iksan for rice‐Eleocharis kuroguwai during 2007. The competitive effect of the weeds E. crus‐galli and E. kuroguwai decreased with increasing doses of flucetosulfuron and azimsulfuron, respectively, in the same manner as the standard dose–response curve. The combination of the rectangular hyperbolic model and the standard dose–response curve adequately described the complex effects of herbicide dose and weed competition on rice yield. Parameter estimates were used with the model to predict rice yield and estimate the doses of flucetosulfuron and azimsulfuron required to restrict rice yield loss caused by E. crus‐galli and E. kuroguwai, respectively, to an acceptable level. For a rice yield of 5.0 t ha^?1, the model recommended flucetosulfuron doses of 8.7, 13.4 and 20.1 g a.i. ha^?1 when infested with E. crus‐galli at 12, 24 and 48 plants m^?2 respectively. For a rice yield of 5.2 t ha^?1, the model recommended azimsulfuron doses of 3.9, 7.5 and 12.6 g a.i. ha^?1 when infested with E. kuroguwai at 24, 48 and 96 plants m^?2 respectively. The theoretical outputs of the combined model appear robust and indicate there are opportunities for reduced herbicide use in the field. These now require evaluation under field conditions.     

水稻产量及产量构成的稳定性和高产相关性分析

为了给干旱和半干旱地区水稻品种审定和推广应用提供科学依据,将黑龙江省垦区6个水稻品种（系）种植在6个不同生态点,利用AMMI模型对水稻产量及产量构成因素（每穴穗数、穗粒数、千粒重、结实率）进行了稳定性分析。结果表明：基因型（G）×环境（E）对水稻产量和产量构成因素的影响明显;本试验中的各水稻品种（系）在不同地点种植,产量和产量构成要素的稳定性存在差异,垦稻08-924产量最稳定;850农场和军川农场较适合水稻进行区试试验;二次枝梗数和穗长除与结实率、产量相关性不显著外,与其他指标相关性均达到显著或极显著水平;产量除与穗数达显著正相关外,与其它性状均未达显著相关性。     

诱导水稻抗稻瘟病的前胡诱抗剂应用技术研究初探

水稻稻瘟病是世界性的重要病害,植物源诱抗剂前胡能提高水稻对稻瘟病菌的免疫力,对稻瘟病有较好的防控效果。本试验采用普通喷雾法,研究了WS-16卫士型喷雾器和工农16型喷雾器两种不同的器械施药时,前胡水乳剂对稻瘟病的防控效果,药液量为40 kg/667m2,施药时使水稻叶片正反两面受药均匀。结果表明：15%前胡水乳剂对稻瘟病的防治效果优于前胡水煮液和前胡原粉,WS-16卫士型和工农16型喷雾器喷施15%前胡水乳剂150倍液药后30 d的防效分别为80.09%和72.54%,药后67 d的增产率分别为5.93%和3.61%,效果均稍低于对照药剂三环唑和稻瘟灵。采用两种不同的施药器械喷施前胡水乳剂,其对稻瘟病的防效存在显著差异性,但对水稻的增产率无明显差异。     

拮抗细菌处理稻种对水稻恶苗病的防治效果及对水稻产量形成的影响

测定了５种拮抗细菌处理种子对水稻恶苗病的防效和对水稻产量形成的影响。结果表明,用拮抗细菌Ｂ┐９１６、９１┐２、３１┐２、Ａ┐２和Ａ┐３浸种可有效地防治苗期恶苗病的发生,防效达８４．５５％～９５．５７％,其中Ａ┐３和３１┐２在成株期仍有较高的防效,分别为８１．５７％和７９．５３％。５种拮抗菌处理种子均对水稻结实有明显的促进作用,其中Ａ┐２显著促进分蘖作用,９１┐２能明显增加千粒重     

Interaction between timings and doses of quindorac in rice

Quinclorac (3,7-dichloro-8-quinolinecarboxylic acid) is a new herbicide in United States rice production. Field studies were conducted in 1990 and 1991 in Mississippi to determine the influence of application timings and rates on weed control efficacy and rice yield. Control of Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. (barnyard-grass), Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Rydb. ex A. W. Hill (hemp sesbania) and Ipomoea wrightii Gray (palmleaf morning glory) were greatest with early post-emergence application. Efficacy of pre-emergence application depends strongly on soil moisture, with significantly reduced weed control resulting when applied to dry soil. Weed control with pre-emergence application to moist soil was comparable with early post-emergence application at higher rates of quinclorac. Pre-plant and incorporated quinclorac controlled weeds effectively. Control of E. crus-galli, S. exaltata and I. wrightii ranged from 73 to 99%, 75 to 99%, and 92 to 99% at 28 days after treatment, respectively. Rice yield generally reflected weed control. No rice injury was observed for any treatment. Results indicate that early post-emergence application of quinclorac is the best time for using reduced rates and field conditions at application should be considered with these rates pre-emergence.     

Seventh British Insecticide and Fungicide Conference,Brighton, November 1973

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during the wet seasons of 1980 and 1981 to find out the relative influence of weed control and applied nitrogen on performance of transplanted rice and nutrients uptake by rice and weeds. Propanil and thiobencarb, each at 2.0 kg a.i/ha, were found comparable to two hand weedings in increasing grain yield of rice and minimizing dry matter of weeds. The mean grain yield was increased by 28.06% while dry matter of weeds reduced by 84.04% over unweeded control. Application of nitrogen from 0 to 75 kg N/ha increased grain yield to the tune of 1631 kg/ha. Remarkable increase in grain yield was noticed when weed control treatments were associated with application of nitrogen. Higher uptake of N, P and K by crop and lower removal of same nutrients by weeds were observed in herbicides and hand weedings than unweeded control. N, P and K in the order of 11.49, 1.71 and 12.40 kg/ha respectively could be saved through weed control in transplanted rice.     

广东省杂草稻防控技术初探

研究了不同防控技术对杂草稻的防控效果,结果表明：30％丙草胺乳油处理杂草稻株防效为14.27％～41.04％,1次50％瑞飞特乳油处理防效74.09％～91.15％;鲜重防效以2次处理最高;各处理水稻结实率增加9.53％ ～11.55％,实际产量增加28.9％～68.8％.其中,以水稻浸种剂浸种＋2次50％瑞飞特乳油处理的杂草稻防除效果最佳,水稻增产最显著.     

再生稻白背飞虱为害损失测定和防治指标的研究

在福建,白背飞虱是再生稻的重要害虫。文中进行了再生稻白背飞虱为害损失的测定。根据虫量和产量损失的关系,结合现行稻谷价格、产量水平、防治费用等因素,确定允许为害损失率,同时建立了防治指标模型。按照防治指标模型,制定出不同产量水平的防治指标。     

2014年上高县早稻主要病虫为害损失试验报告

本文对上高县2014年早稻纹枯病、稻瘟病、二化螟、稻纵卷叶螟和稻飞虱这几类水稻主要病虫害在防治与不防治条件下进行了田间试验对比,对不同处理病虫情况及产量情况进行调查,对防治效益进行了评估。结果表明,完全不防治产量损失最大,单一病虫害中纹枯病损失最大,其次是稻纵卷叶螟、稻飞虱、二化螟和稻瘟病;完全不防治的效益损失最大,单一病虫害中纹枯病损失效益最大,其次是稻纵卷叶螟、稻飞虱、二化螟和稻瘟病。2014年上半年雨水多,湿度大,造成纹枯病重发生,稻纵卷叶螟和稻飞虱中等发生,二化螟和稻瘟病轻发生。     

新型植物生长调节剂多效唑钾盐在双季超级杂交稻上的应用效果

选用超级杂交早稻淦鑫203和晚稻五丰优T025,于秧苗期喷施新型植物生长调节剂多效唑钾盐,并以多效唑及清水为对照,考查了株高、秧苗素质、产量及其构成因素等,结果表明:早、晚稻喷施多效唑钾盐和多效唑处理株高较喷施清水处理分别降低41.71%、47.32%和28.41%、26.97%,单株产量分别增加34.83%、15.69%和37.16%、5.44%;早、晚稻喷施多效唑钾盐秧苗素质及产量构成指标也存在较强的优势;新型植物生长调节剂多效唑钾盐对水稻具有较好的控高增产效果。