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1.
芜菁花叶病毒对寄主植物叶片PSⅡ功能的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
 芜菁花叶病毒(Turnip mosaic virus,TuMV)是十字花科蔬菜作物上最重要的病原病毒之一,TuMV在青菜、榨菜、芥菜、油菜等作物上的主要发病症状为花叶和畸形,研究植物病毒致花叶症状的机理有助于建立新的病毒控制理论。  相似文献   

2.
 根据普通生物学和血清学特性,长豇豆病毒病的病原被鉴定为黑眼豇豆花叶病毒(Blackeye cowpea mosaic virus,Bl CMV)、豇豆蚜传花叶病毒(Cowpea aphidborne mosaic virus,CABMV)和黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumbermosaic virus,CMV)。  相似文献   

3.
我国12省市玉米矮花叶病病原鉴定及病毒致病性测定   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10  
 利用甘蔗花叶病毒(Sugarcane mosaic virus,SCMV)单克隆抗体细胞株2B5腹水和SCMV、玉米矮花叶病毒(Maize dwarf mosaic virus,MDMV)、高粱花叶病毒(Sorghum mosaic virus,SrMV)和约翰逊草花叶病毒(Johnsongrass mosaic virus,JGMV)的特异性引物对我国浙江、江苏、上海、山东、河南、河北、北京、山西、陕西、甘肃、四川、云南12省市15个地点的176株玉米矮花叶病病样分别进行了间接ELISA和免疫捕获反转录PCR (IC-RT-PCR)检测,结果表明这些病样均含有SCMV,而无MDMV、SrMV或JGMV存在,表明上述12省市的玉米矮花叶病病原为SCMV。进一步对甘肃(GS)、四川(SC)、云南(YN)3个SCMV分离物的近全长CP基因进行了序列测定,并测定了浙江分离物(ZJ)和甘肃分离物(GS)在13个玉米品种上的致病性。  相似文献   

4.
芜菁花叶病毒对油菜致病力差异及壳蛋白基因序列分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 2004年春季参试的湖北、安徽2省11个芜菁花叶病毒(Turnip mosaic virus,TuMV)分离物感染4个油菜品种,病情指数幅度为26.2~76.0;秋季参试5个TuMV分离物感染14个油菜品种,病情指数幅度为38.3~55.9,均值方差分析表明,致病力差异分别达到极显著和显著水平。壳蛋白(CP)基因序列分析表明,来源于2省油菜、白菜、红菜薹、芝麻和萝卜的17个TuMV分离物与浙江分离物ZJB3序列同源性在97%以上,同属于MB类群;而另一个萝卜分离物WRS1与ZJR1、CH1和CH2分离物序列同源性在95.4%~98.7%之间,属于MR类群。类群间分离物序列同源性仅为88.0%~92.2%。遗传进化树分析表明,萝卜分离物WRS2在MB类群中单独构成一个分支,可能是MR类群和MB类群发生重组的后代。  相似文献   

5.
 油菜花叶病毒(Oilseed rape mosaic virus,ORMV)武汉株系(Wh)基因组全序列分析表明,该株系基因组全长6301nt,与烟草花叶病毒属(Tobamovirus)亚组Ⅲ病毒基因组结构相似,含4个开放阅读框架(open reading frame,ORF),ORF2与ORF3有77nt的重叠区。与该属其他病毒对应ORF的核苷酸及编码蛋白氨基酸序列比对,ORMV-Wh与亚组Ⅲ的ORMV、车前草花叶病毒上海株系(Ribgrass mosaic virus,RMV-Sh)、车前草花叶病毒凤仙花株系(RMV-Imp)和烟草花叶病毒十字花科和大蒜株系(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV-Cg)一致性最高,均超过95%。4种蛋白的氨基酸序列系统进化树构建将Tobamovirus亚组Ⅲ株系分为3个群,ORMV-Wh归为ORMV代表的株系群。  相似文献   

6.
 根据5种病毒小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(Zucchini yellow mosaic virus,ZYMV)、西瓜花叶病毒(Watermelon mosaic virus,WMV)、烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)、南瓜花叶病毒(Squash mosaic virus,SqMV)和黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)的核苷酸保守区序列,设计特异性引物对,从影响多重RT-PCR (mRT-PCR)扩增的引物浓度、Mg2+浓度、Taq DNA聚合酶浓度、dNTPs浓度、退火温度等方面进行反应体系的优化,建立了一种能够同时检测ZYMV、WMV、TMV、SqMV和CMV的多重RT-PCR技术体系,并进行了实际应用。在一个体系中对上述5种病毒复合侵染的西瓜材料进行多重RT-PCR扩增,得到与试验设计相符的5条特异性条带,依次是542、485、410、354和293bp。该体系实现了对侵染西瓜的5种病毒的同时检测,极大地提高了检测效率,降低了检测成本,体现了多重RT-PCR的优越性。  相似文献   

7.
 丹参(Salvia miltorrhiza Bge.)为唇形科鼠尾草属草本植物,以根入药,是我国一种常用大宗中草药。近年来河北安国中药材基地丹参上一种退化病十分严重,该病田间发病率高,有的田块高达60%~80%,表现为花叶、斑驳、卷叶、黄化、矮化等症状,严重影响了丹参的产量和品质。我们利用生物学、电镜观察、血清学方法和基因序列测定等方法对病原进行了初步研究,发现黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)与该病害密切相关  相似文献   

8.
引起番茄植株坏死病的病毒研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
 2004~2005年,在上海郊区夏番茄上连续发生严重的植株坏死病。表现为番茄植株矮化、顶端坏死、果实畸形和整株枯萎症状,并在叶柄和茎干上出现不规则坏死条斑,具有典型的病毒病特征。通过采集典型病叶、病果,进行病毒分离、dsRNA分析、寄主生物学研究、病毒纯化、病毒蛋白分析、组织病理学与形态学观察和ELISA检测,初步确定是由番茄花叶病毒(Tomato mosaic virus,ToMV)和黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)侵染。经5次心叶烟单斑分离,获得N5分离物,对CP基因克隆测序的结果确定该分离物为ToMV。寄主反应测定显示,N5的寄主反应与常规ToMV株系存在明显区别,主要表现为常规番茄品种上出现严重坏死。进一步接种GCR品系番茄鉴定N5与ToMV-1株系相似。因此,作者认为,在上海地区番茄上流行并引起坏死病的主要病原可能是ToMV-1株系的1个变异株。  相似文献   

9.
 采用抗原直接包被和双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)对采自云南、福建、湖南烟区烟草花叶病样品进行了病毒种类检测,利用三抗体夹心ELISA对黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)的亚组类型进行了鉴定。在云南采集的520个花叶病样品中,烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)、CMV和马铃薯Y病毒(Potato virus Y,PVY)总检出率分别为71.74%、55.01%和6.35%;在福建采集的150个花叶病样品中,TMV、CMV和PVY的总检出率分别为94%、24.66%和8.00%;在湖南采集的74个花叶病样品中,TMV、CMV和PVY的总检出率分别为58.11%、51.35%和2.70%。部分样品为2种以上病毒复合侵染。云南、福建和湖南采集的64个CMV阳性样品中,属亚组Ⅰ的样品为57个,占89.1%;属亚组Ⅱ的样品为10个,占15.6%;其中3个样品为亚组Ⅰ和亚组Ⅱ的复合侵染。  相似文献   

10.
 将来自粟酒裂殖酵母的pac 1基因,导入原核表达载体pET-5a中,并转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)pLysS,经IPTG诱导,其表达产物能够降解4种植物病毒Cucumber mosaic virus(CMV)、Tobacco mosaic virus(TMV)、Rice black-streaked dwarf(RBSDV)和Rice dwarf virus(RDV)和3种类病毒Apple scar skin viroid(ASSVd)、Coleus blumei viroid(CBVd)和Hopstunt viroid(HSVd)的dsRNA。将pac 1导入双元载体pBI121,并转入根癌农杆菌LBA4404,以烟草(品种NC89)组培苗的叶片为受体材料进行转化,经过诱导愈伤、分化、再生和筛选培养,获得了50株Kan抗性植株,收获T1种子分别播种,对这些转基因植株进行分子生物学检测。PCR、PCR-Southern和RT-PCR检测结果表明,pac 1基因已整合到受体基因组中。  相似文献   

11.
12.
ABSTRACT Experiments over two growing seasons clearly showed that Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infection was associated with internal necrosis (sunken necrotic spots 5 to 10 mm in diameter) and Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) infection was associated with collapse of leaf tissue at the margins (tipburn) in heads of stored white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). Virtually no tipburn was seen in cv. Polinius, whereas cv. Impala was affected severely. Internal necrotic spots were seen in both cultivars. BWYV appeared to interact with TuMV. Plants infected with both viruses showed a lower incidence of external symptoms and had less internal necrosis than plants infected with TuMV alone. Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) did not induce significant amounts of internal necrosis or tipburn, but did, in most cases, exacerbate symptoms caused by TuMV and BWYV. BWYV-induced tipburn worsened significantly during storage. Post-transplanting inoculation with TuMV induced more internal necrosis than pre-transplant inoculation. There was a significant association between detection of TuMV just prior to harvest and subsequent development of internal necrotic spots. Individually, all three viruses significantly reduced the yield of cv. Polinius, whereas only BWYV and CaMV treatments reduced the yield of cv. Impala.  相似文献   

13.
A viral disease of broad bean ( Vicia faba ) was observed in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Sichuan Province, the People's Republic of China. Its typical symptom on infected leaves was a white mottle, and, rarely, red necrotic lesions on several broad bean cultivars. A non-aphid-transmissible strain of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) was identified as the causal agent of the disease on the basis of biological properties, particle morphology, seed and aphid transmission and serological tests. The virus could not be transmitted by aphids in the non-persistent manner.  相似文献   

14.
Screenhouse experiments conducted in Kenya showed that inoculation of cabbage seedlings with Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), either alone, or in combination with Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), reduced the number and weight of marketable harvested heads. When viruses were inoculated simultaneously, 25% of cabbage heads were non-marketable, representing 20-fold loss compared with control. By contrast, inoculation with CaMV alone had insignificant effects on cabbage yield. This suggests that TuMV is the more detrimental of these pathogens, and its management should be a priority. Early exposure to TuMV produced cabbages that were 50% lighter than non-infected plants, but later infection was less damaging suggesting that controlling virus infection at the seedling stage is more important. TuMV was far less damaging to kale than it was to cabbage; although high proportions of TuMV-inoculated kale plants showed symptoms (>90%), the marketability and quality of leaves were not significantly reduced, and no clear relationship existed between timing of infection and subsequent crop losses. Early inoculation of Swiss chard with Beet mosaic virus (BtMV) significantly impaired leaf quality (∼50% reduction in marketable leaf production), but the impact of disease was greatest in plants that had been inoculated at maturity, where average leaf losses were two and a half times those recorded in virus-free plants. Disease-management of BtMV in Swiss chard is important, therefore, not only at the seedling stage, but particularly when plants are transplanted from nursery to field.  相似文献   

15.
A strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV-D8) systemically infects Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus), but the Y strain of CMV (CMV-Y) only infects the inoculated leaves. Both of these strains cause severe systemic mosaic on the plants after dual infection with Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Synergistic interactions on long-distance transport of CMV-Y and CMV-D8 with TuMV were analyzed using an immunobinding assay. Direct tissue blots probed with either anti-CMV-Y or anti-TuMV antiserum clearly showed that CMV-Y efficiently spread and accumulated in the tissues of noninoculated upper leaves and roots when co-inoculated with TuMV, and that long-distance movement of CMV-D8 was enhanced by the presence of TuMV. Received 16 September 1999/ Accepted in revised form 5 February 2000  相似文献   

16.
Serotypic variation in turnip mosaic virus   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
Jenner  Keane  Jones  & Walsh 《Plant pathology》1999,48(1):101-108
A panel of 30 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) was produced against four isolates of turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). The panel was tested in plate-trapped antigen ELISA tests against 41 TuMV isolates (with different host and geographical origins and of differing pathotypes). The antibodies were also tested against four other potyviruses (bean common mosaic virus, bean common mosaic necrosis virus, lettuce mosaic virus and zucchini yellow mosaic virus). The reactions were assessed quantitatively (using multivariate analysis) and qualitatively (using the standard deviation obtained against healthy leaf material). The MAbs recognized 16–17 TuMV epitopes that were not present in the other potyviruses and a further two potyvirus epitopes. The isolates were grouped into three serotypes. Only one isolate did not fit this grouping. The classification of seven isolates in coat protein amino acid sequence homology groups correlated with serotypes. There was no correlation between serotype and pathotype, or between reactions to individual MAbs and single lines. There was therefore no evidence that the epitopes recognized by the MAbs are elicitors for the resistance genes present in the Brassica napus lines. However, the sensitivity and specificity of the MAbs will be useful for both routine detection of TuMV and fundamental studies on plant–virus interactions.  相似文献   

17.
Transgenic tomato plants containing the coat protein (CP) gene of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) of subgroup IB were developed through Agrobacterium-mediated transformations. The progenies of transgenic plants showed the presence of transgene, its expression and translation of 26 KDa CP. The T1 and T2 generation plants were evaluated for resistance against challenge inoculations by a homologous strain of CMV. Visual observations of challenged transgenic plants categorized them into resistant, tolerant and susceptible as compared with untransformed control plants. Out of 33 plants of the T1 generation, 36.3% showed resistance and remained symptomless throughout their life, 48.4% showed tolerance which developed delayed symptoms of mild mosaic, and 15.1% showed susceptibility to CMV which developed severe systemic mosaic and leaf distortion symptoms after 30?days of virus challenge. Out of 120 plants of the T2 generation, 60% showed resistance, 26.6% were tolerant and only 13.3% were found susceptible to challenge inoculations of CMV. Resistant transgenic plants also showed less CP accumulation in systemic upper leaves as compared with challenged untransformed plants. In this study, CP of a CMV subgroup IB strain has demonstrated a significant level of resistance in transgenic tomato plants against the CMV strain. The strategy may be applied for better quality and productivity of tomato crops.  相似文献   

18.
麦二叉蚜传播玉米矮花叶病毒的机制   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
用胶体金标记法和荧光抗体标记法研究了麦二叉蚜(Schizaphis graminum)传播玉米矮花叶病毒(Maize dwaft mosaic virus,MDMV)的机制。麦二叉蚜传播玉米矮花叶病毒需要辅助成份-蛋白酶(Helper component-proteinase,HC-Pro)的参与。在电镜下观察到HC-Pro可以与MDMV粒子结合。用FITC标记的HC-Pro抗体和MDMV抗体证明,HC-Pro可以直接结合到蚜虫口针上;而MDMV粒子不能直接结合到蚜虫口针,必须在HC-Pro的辅助下才能结合到蚜虫口针上。这为HC-Pro在蚜虫传毒过程中起桥梁作用提供了新的证据。MDMV粒子主要吸附在蚜虫口针的尖端和中间部分。  相似文献   

19.
 采自河北承德11 个表现矮花叶症状的玉米样品,用甘蔗花叶病毒(Sugarcane mosaic virus, SCMV)和白草花叶病毒
(Pennisetum mosaic virus, PenMV)简并引物扩增了基因组3′ 端约2. 1 kb 的片段并进行测序。Blast 结果表明其中8 个样
品含有PenMV。扩增到的PenMV 序列均为2 135 nt,包括部分NIb 基因(985 nt)、完整的CP 基因(909 nt)和3′-UTR(241
nt)。这8 个分离物CP 基因和3′-UTR 与GenBank 上其他PenMV 分离物相应序列的核苷酸一致率分别为89. 8% ~ 93. 4%
和95. 9% ~ 97. 9% 。根据扩增的2 135 nt 序列和CP 基因序列构建系统发育树,8 个分离物与GenBank 上其他PenMV 分离
物都分为2 个组:山西组和承德组。重组分析表明CD9 的CP 基因存在重组。  相似文献   

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