首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 126 毫秒
1.
乙烯利对小鼠的免疫毒性研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
为了探讨乙烯利对人体健康的影响,选用溶血空斑试验、血清溶血素检测试验、迟发型变态反应试验和碳粒廓清试验,分别从体液免疫、细胞免疫和非特异性免疫功能等不同角度研究了乙烯利对小鼠的免疫毒性。结果表明,乙烯利67~268 mg/kg bw各剂量组的小鼠足跖肿胀程度、溶血空斑对数值以及半数溶血值均显著低于对照组(PPP<0.05)。结果提示,乙烯利对小鼠的免疫功能具有一定的抑制作用。  相似文献   

2.
选用小鼠血清及脾脏组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量为观察指标,从机体氧化和抗氧化系统是否失衡的角度研究了乙烯利的氧化应激作用。结果表明,乙烯利能明显降低小鼠血清及脾脏组织中SOD和GSH-Px的活性。其中:134,268 mg/kg bw剂量处理组血清SOD和GSH-Px活性分别降低了8.91% ,12.44%和4.18% ,8.54% ;268, 536 mg/kg bw剂量组脾脏SOD和GSH-Px活性分别降低了8.34% ,19.61%和9.72%,24.86% ;与对照组差异显著(PP<0.01)。结果显示,乙烯利能破坏小鼠机体氧化和抗氧化系统的平衡,引起氧化应激。  相似文献   

3.
采用3种浓度乙烯利溶液(0、100、200 mg/L)分别对甘蔗新台糖22号(ROC22)、桂糖17号(GT17)和新台糖10号(ROC10)在下种前进行10 min浸种处理,测定根系中的多胺含量、多胺氧化酶活性、叶片水势及土壤含水量的变化。结果发现,在水分胁迫条件下蔗根精胺(Spm)、亚精胺(Spd)、腐胺(Put)大量积累,100、200 mg/L乙烯利浸种处理的ROC22和ROC10蔗根有较高的多胺含量(Spm、Spd、Put),而GT17则有较低的值,并且都有较低的多胺氧化酶活性;同时100、200 mg/L乙烯利浸种处理减缓水分胁迫时蔗叶组织水势的下降程度,尤以200mg/L乙烯利处理效果最好。试验表明乙烯利浸种可提高甘蔗品种的抗旱性。  相似文献   

4.
催熟番茄中的乙烯利残留量及产品品质分析   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3  
主要研究了不同催熟处理方式和不同处理浓度对番茄果实中乙烯利残留的影响,以及番茄主要成分含量的变化。采用乙烯利田间催熟和浸果催熟两种方式,并选择不同处理浓度,通过顶空气相色谱、液相色谱等分析方法对相关指标进行检测。结果表明,浸果催熟番茄中乙烯利残留量普遍较高,处理浓度在4 000 mg/L时已达1.98 mg/kg,而当处理浓度在6 000 mg/L时,无论是田间催熟或浸果催熟,乙烯利残留量均超出最大允许残留限量(MRL)值(2 mg/kg),分别为2.29、3.14 mg/kg。以2 000 mg/L乙烯利溶液浸果催熟后,番茄中番茄红素、Vc、总糖和可溶性固形物含量分别下降55.6%、13.6%、13.6%和7.1%;而有机酸含量无明显改变。揭示高浓度乙烯利催熟会导致番茄中乙烯利残留量超标,经乙烯利催熟后番茄品质会有所下降。  相似文献   

5.
我国在农药检定中对生殖细胞诱变性方面的检测曾列出三项测试:生殖细胞染色体畸变、显性致死测试及精子形态畸变测试,并规定三项可任择其一。此三项测试虽均涉及生殖细胞,但其性质及意义却不尽相同:精子形态的畸变可能由遗传物质的损伤而引起,但并不一定是遗传物质损伤的后果,因此它不能代表对生殖细胞遗传损伤的检测,当前国际上常用的短测组合中也不包括此项测试;生殖细胞染色体畸变测试即指小鼠精母细胞减数分裂Ⅰ期(MI)的染色体畸变测定,因这是目前最实用而又技术上可行的方法;显性致死测试是比一般对生殖细胞筛选性短测标准更高一层次的测定方法,它是被列为鉴定诱变性的整体动物实  相似文献   

6.
在人工气候室培养空心莲子草,植株经草甘膦与乙烯利混合处理后,测定对植株的抑制作用和草甘膦的吸收与传导量。结果表明,加入乙烯利(100mg·L~(-1))后草甘膦(300mg·L~(-1))对地下根茎抑制率比对照提高了13.6个百分点。植株经乙烯利喷雾处理后,基芽、地下茎和根系中~(14)C-草甘膦含量分别是对照的3.56、1.75和2.35倍。放射性成像图显示,植株地下茎与根系中~(14)C-草甘膦传导量明显高于对照。  相似文献   

7.
乙烯利对草甘膦在空心莲子草中传导及生物活性的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在人工气候室培养空心莲子草,植株经草甘膦与乙烯利混合处理后,测定对植株的抑制作用和草甘膦的吸收与传导量.结果表明,加入乙烯利(100 mg*L-1)后草甘膦(300mg*L-1)对地下根茎抑制率比对照提高了13.6个百分点.植株经乙烯利喷雾处理后,基芽、地下茎和根系中14C-草甘膦含量分别是对照的3.56、1.75和2.35倍.放射性成像图显示,植株地下茎与根系中14C-草甘膦传导量明显高于对照.  相似文献   

8.
气相色谱法测定番茄中乙烯利的残留量   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
建立了一种气相色谱法(GC)测定番茄中乙烯利残留的方法。番茄样品经甲醇-盐酸溶液(V/V=95∶5)提取,无水乙醚萃取,重氮甲烷衍生化,采用GC-NPD检测。结果表明:该方法的平均回收率为92.85%~97.59%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.79%~4.38%(n=5),乙烯利的最小检出浓度为0.015 86mg/kg。该方法的杂质干扰少,准确性和灵敏度高,能快速测定出番茄中乙烯利的残留量。  相似文献   

9.
乙烯利,中文通用名为乙烯利,英文通用名为Ethephon,分子式为C_2H_6ClO_3P,是促进成熟的植物生长调节剂,广泛应用于坚果、水果和蔬菜中。通过实验建立了一种乙烯利在核桃中残留的分析方法,用0. 1%甲酸溶液超声振荡提取,C_(18)-SPE柱净化,LC-MS/MS方法对乙烯利在核桃中残留量进行定量分析。结果表明,该方法的定量限为0. 1mg/kg,乙烯利在0. 1~5. 0mg/kg添加水平,回收率为94%~105%,相对标准偏差为0. 82%~2. 64%。该方法的准确性和灵敏度均达到农药残留分析的要求,且实验方法操作简单。  相似文献   

10.
对枯草芽孢杆菌菌株Tpb55的安全性进行了合理的评价,就菌粉Tpb55对试验动物进行了相关的毒理学试验。结果表明,菌株Tpb55对小鼠、大鼠急性经口LD50大于5000mg·kg-1,对大鼠急性经皮LD50大于5000mg·kg-1;对兔皮肤刺激强度为无刺激性,眼刺激平均指数48h后为0,眼刺激强度为无刺激性;对豚鼠致敏率为0,属I级弱致敏物,无致敏性;对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细孢微核以及性染色体及常染色体单价体等3项致突变试验为阴性,说明菌株Tpb55没有致突变作用。  相似文献   

11.
The present experiments to be reported were declared the effect of mixtures from the three antioxidant vitamins (A, C and E) on some hematologic parameters, liver and testes nucleic acid system, blood immune-system, chromosomal aberration and sperm-shape of tefluthrin (LD50) intoxicated rats. A total of 90 male albino rats were used divided into six groups (15 rats each).Oral ingestion of technical tefluthrin significantly decreased the count of RBCs, Hb content and stimulated plasma LDH activity, also reduced the levels of blood immuno globulins (IgG, IgA and IgM). Under the effects of tefluthrin liver and tests nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) contents were decreased and the activities of nucleases (RNAase and DNAase) were also inhibited relative to these values of normal healthy control group.Chromosomal aberrations and sperm-shape abnormalities were significantly increased after ingestion of tefluthrin, compared to the control group. Mitotic index (MI) and sperm count was decreased significantly due to the potential cytotoxicity of tefluthrin.Treatment of intoxicated rats with antioxidant vitamins (A, C and E) mixtures reduced the harmful influences of tefluthrin. Blood IgG, IgA and IgM levels, RBCs count and Hb content were improved relative to normal healthy animal group.The frequency of chromosome aberrations in bone marrow cells of intoxicated rats treated with vitamins as well as the frequency of sperm abnormalities were decreased and readjusted near to that of the healthy control animals, also MI and sperm counts were increased significantly near to the control group after vitamins ingestion as treatments.It is interesting to note that, the ingestion of vitamins mixtures readjusted and normalized the hematologic parameters around those of normal healthy control. In case of liver and nucleic acids system, the disturbed effects of the pesticide induction of RNA and DNA contents as well as RNAase and DNAase activities were alleviated by the treatments with the present antioxidative vitamins mixtures, in which the nucleic acids contents and nucleases activities of liver and testes of tefluthrin intoxicated rats were ameliorated and normalized compared with those of normal control.  相似文献   

12.
低浓度乙氰菊酯对鲤鱼生长及生理生化指标的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
为了全面评价乙氰菊酯对鱼类的安全性,本实验研究了鲤鱼在不同浓度乙氰菊酯0.685、1.39、2.78、5.56 mg/L(96 h LC50的1/80、1/40、1/20、1/10)下曝露60 d实验中,其行为、生长和血液生理生化指标所受到的不同影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,乙氰菊酯0.685、1.39 mg/L处理对鲤鱼生长的影响差异性不显著, 20 d后2.78和5.56 mg/L处理对鲤鱼生长的影响差异性显著(PP+浓度降低,表现为高血钾和低血钠症。高浓度试验组鲤鱼血液生化指标的变化与对照组间存在着显著(PP<0.01)差异;5.56和2.78 mg/L处理组在实验结束时死亡率各为30%和20%。实验结果表明,鲤鱼长期曝露于较低浓度的乙氰菊酯药液中,其生长和生理生化指标均会受到一定影响。  相似文献   

13.
Atrazine a potent endocrine disruptor herbicide is broadly used to control rapidly growing unwanted weeds in various cereals crops which induce adverse effects both in mammalian and avian species. In present study 96 mature male Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) were procured and randomly kept in eight groups (A to H) each having 12 birds. Atrazine was administered orally at 0, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight to all experimental groups. The mitomycin C at 2 mg/kg body weight was given to the birds of group B which served as a positive control. From each group 4 birds were randomly selected and harvested at day 15, 30 and 45. A significant (P < 0.05) decrease in serum total protein, serum albumin and serum testosterone values were recorded at day 45 in all treated groups. A significant increase in serum ALT and AST concentration was also recorded. Moreover, morphological alterations in nucleus of erythrocytes were also observed including blebbed nuclei, notched nuclei, lobed nuclei, vacuolated cells, binucleated cell, and cell with pear shaped and micronucleus. Overall, our results show that atrazine at higher doses induces significant serum biochemical alterations and changes in nucleus of erythrocytes.  相似文献   

14.
Tetradifon is a potent organochlorine acaricide with an estrogen-like structure. The wide spread use of this chemical is likely to pollute the environment. Only few studies have been reported for the evaluation of its short- and long-term toxic effects including genotoxicity and carcinogenicity and there have been conflicting results in in vitro and in vivo test systems. In this work, we have evaluated Tetradifon for its ability to induce genotoxic damages in female Wistar rats. A single cumulative dose of 2430 mg/kg BW was administrated orally for 12 female rats of 190 g BW during 12 weeks. Twelve additional rats, no treated, have served as control. Animals were sacrificed after 6 and 12 weeks of treatment. Genetic toxicity studies were conducted in rats bone marrow, by chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs) assays. The oxidative stress status of treated animals has been also evaluated by assessment of lipid peroxidation by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Some serum parameters: vitamins (A and E), triglyceride (TG) and total antioxidants status (TAS) were determined. Our results showed a significant increase in tissue TBARS concentrations in the two treated groups suggesting that Tetradifon induce an oxidative stress. Elsewhere, rats treated with Tetradifon exhibited a statistical decrease in serum level of vitamin E and a significant depletion of serum total antioxidant status. Whereas, in comparison to control rats, treated animal cells did not show a significant increase in either the frequency of SCEs or CAs. These results indicate that Tetradifon did not present direct genotoxic effect in female Wistar rats. But we suggest that its inducting of an oxidative stress may lead to indirect mutagenecity that should be evaluated by other series of in vivo genotoxicity assays as micronucleus test or comet assay.  相似文献   

15.
以小鼠为动物模型,在饲料中添加分离纯化虎尾轮根的黄酮类化合物,研究其对小鼠肝脏功能的影响。取体重为(20±2)g小鼠84只,随机分为6组,即:空白对照组,模型组,阳性对照组即联苯双酯组(150 mg/kg),以及虎尾轮黄酮高、中、低剂量组(450,300,150 mg/kg),连续给药21 d。以四氯化碳(CCl4)进行建模,采集小鼠血清及肝组织匀浆液进行T-AOC、ALB、TP、AST、ALT、MDA、SOD、GSH-Px等指标的检测;取小鼠肝脏进行组织切片观察。结果表明,(1)与模型组比较,虎尾轮黄酮各剂量组均能分别显著(P〈0.05)或极显著(P〈0.01)地提高小鼠SOD、T-AOC、GSH-Px、ALB、TP水平和降低AST、ALT、MDA水平;(2)各剂量组肉眼观察无明显的病理变化,对各试验组的肝脏组织显微结构进行比较,发现虎尾轮黄酮各剂量组对CCl4引起的肝损伤有不同程度的恢复,保肝护肝作用明显。可见虎尾轮黄酮对小鼠的肝损伤有显著保护作用。  相似文献   

16.
Methyl parathion is an organophosphate insecticide that has been used in agriculture and domestic for several years. Vitamin C (200 mg/kg bw per day) + vitamin E (200 mg/kg bw per day), methyl parathion (0.28 mg/kg bw per day) and vitamin C (200 mg/kg bw per day) + vitamin E (200 mg/kg bw per day) + methyl parathion (0.28 mg/kg bw per day) combination were given to rats orally via gavage for 7 weeks. Body and testis weights, sperm counts, sperm motility, sperm morphology and histopathological changes in the testes were investigated at the end of 24 h, 4th and 7th weeks comparatively with control group. No pathological changes were observed in all parameters at the end of 24 h. When methyl parathion-treated group and vitamins C and E + methyl parathion-treated group were compared to control group, body and testis weights decreased significantly at the end of 4th and 7th weeks. It was observed that, at the end of 4th and 7th weeks there was a statistically significant decrease in sperm counts and sperm motility, increase in abnormal sperm morphology when methyl parathion- and vitamins C and E + methyl parathion-treated group were compared to control group. While sperm counts increased at the end of 4th and 7th weeks, sperm motility increased at the end of 7th week when vitamins C and E + methyl parathion-treated group compared with methyl parathion-treated group, no changes were observed in abnormal sperm morphology at the end of 4th and 7th weeks. In our light microscopic investigations, after 4 and 7 weeks of methyl parathion exposure, necrosis and edema were observed in the seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissues. After 4 and 7 weeks of vitamins C and E + methyl parathion exposure, degenerative changes were detected in the seminiferous tubules while no pathological findings were observed in the interstitial tissues. According to the present study, we conclude that vitamins C and E reduces methyl parathion testicular toxicity, but it does not protect completely.  相似文献   

17.
为探讨植物提取液对甜菜夜蛾解毒酶系活性的影响效应,采用浸渍法测定了不同浓度蓖麻碱(3.80、1.90、0.95、0.48和0.24g/L)对甜菜夜蛾幼虫碱性磷酸酯酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酯酶(ACP)和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)活性的影响。结果表明:与清水对照组相比,不同浓度处理48h和72h对AKP的抑制作用均达到显著水平,而3.80g/L处理24h即可显著抑制AKP活性;与对照组相比,不同浓度蓖麻碱处理72h均会显著降低其ACP活性,而浓度大于0.24g/L时处理24h和48h即可显著降低ACP活性;蓖麻碱处理组GSTs活性在处理后24、48和72h都显著低于对照组,但不同浓度间无显著差异;本研究揭示了蓖麻碱对这3种解毒酶均有较强的抑制作用,且抑制作用随蓖麻碱浓度升高和作用时间延长而增强。  相似文献   

18.
为了探明热水浸泡处理对进口南洋参、香龙血树和百合苗木的影响,本试验分别利用45℃60min、48℃10 min、48℃30 min和48℃60 min,4组时间和温度组合对3种进口苗木进行热水浸泡处理,然后测定处理后各供试苗木叶片中丙二醛(MDA)含量,过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。而后对处理后各供试苗木进行复种,3周后观察复种苗木的生长情况。结果表明:3种供试苗木各处理组MDA含量均比对照组有所增加;POD活性仅有南洋参部分处理组比对照组有所增加,南洋参其他处理组以及香龙血树和百合各处理组均比对照组有明显下降;CAT活性南洋参和香龙血树各处理组与对照组之间均差异不显著,百合各处理组均比对照组有所增加;SOD活性百合各处理组相比对照组均出现了明显的下降。经过热水浸泡处理后复种的各供试苗木,南洋参和香龙血树均能够正常生长,百合均死亡。上述研究表明南洋参和香龙血树对热耐受性较高,可利用热水浸泡进行检疫除害处理,百合耐受性较差,不能采用热水浸泡进行检疫除害处理。  相似文献   

19.
[目的]研究入侵植物胜红蓟(Ageratum conyzoides Linn.)的化感作用潜力。[方法]运用蚕豆(Vicia fabaL.)根尖细胞微核试验研究入侵植物胜红蓟叶、茎、花以及地上部分(除去根以外的植物体,下同)水浸提液的化感效应。[结果]胜红蓟水浸提液具有较强的遗传毒性。在叶、茎、花和地上部分水浸提液作用下,蚕豆根尖细胞有丝分裂指数下降,微核率升高,细胞中出现了微核、染色体桥、染色体环等多种染色体畸变,胜红蓟水浸提液对蚕豆根尖的影响存在显著的浓度效应。胜红蓟叶、茎、花和地上部分的整体效应为叶>茎>花>地上部分,与地上部分相比三部位之间的化感作用潜力不存在简单加和作用,但仍以叶片效应最强。[结论]叶片具有最高的化感作用潜力。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号