莱州湾春季鱼类群落关键种的长期变化

关键种对生态系统结构和功能发挥了重要作用,其变化可以引起群落结构振荡和演替,导致生态系统功能紊乱乃至崩溃,因此,了解生态关键种的长期变化有助于解析整个生态系统演替过程。本研究基于莱州湾1959年、1982年、1993年、2003年和2015年春季(5月)底拖网渔业资源调查数据,构建了莱州湾春季鱼类群落食物网拓扑结构,分析了其关键种的长期变化。1959~2015年莱州湾鱼类食物网包含物种21~46个,摄食关系范围70~296个,食物网拓扑结构密度范围为0.155~0.300,种间关联度0.140~0.182,符合自然条件下群落种间摄食关系。1959~2015年莱州湾鱼类群落关键种如下:1959年为六丝矛尾虾虎鱼(Amblychaeturichthys hexanema)、花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)、蓝点马鲛(Scomberomorus niphonius)和黄(Lophius litulon),1982年为鳀(Engraulis japonicus)、黄和小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis),1993年为带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)、鳀和蓝点马鲛,2003年为细纹狮子鱼(Liparis tanakae)、鳀和黄,2015年为细纹狮子鱼、大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)和六丝矛尾虾虎鱼;关键种由经济价值较高的花鲈、小黄鱼和蓝点马鲛等演变为细纹狮子鱼、鳀和六丝矛尾虾虎鱼等经济价值较低的种类;同时,关键种的栖息环境也由中上层与底层生境(蓝点马鲛、花鲈、鳀等)演变为底层单一生境(细纹狮子鱼、大泷六线鱼和六丝矛尾虾虎鱼);关键种的这种更替导致食物网拓扑结构向简单化发展,在某种程度上也增加了鱼类群落结构脆弱性。     

黄海秋季鱼类群落关键种的年代际变化

本研究基于1985、2001、2009和2018年秋季黄海渔业资源调查数据,构建了黄海鱼类群落食物网拓扑结构,分析了黄海鱼类群落关键种的年代际变化。结果显示,1985—2018年间,黄海鱼类食物网包含物种67~103个,摄食关系数量为300~449个,食物网拓扑结构密度范围为0.198~0.227,种间关联度为0.044~0.074,符合自然条件下的群落种间摄食关系。1985—2018年间,黄海秋季鱼类群落关键种为鳀(Engraulis japonicus)、黄鮟鱇(Lophius litulon)和小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)。秋季黄海关键种并未发生变化,鳀为关键被捕食者,小黄鱼是控制群落离散变量的物种,两者的资源均出现衰退;黄鮟鱇作为关键捕食者,其相对资源量上升。1985—2018年间,秋季黄海优势种变化明显,由黄鮟鱇和银鲳(Pampus argenteus)转变为龙头鱼(Harpadon nehereus)、细纹狮子鱼(Liparis tanakae)和鳀;以重量和数量计算的丰富度指数(Rw和Rn)、多样性指数(H′w和H′n)逐步降低,2018年以后显著回升,均匀度指数(J′w和J′n)波动较小。研究表明,近30年秋季黄海关键种没有变化,但优势种变化明显,群落结构有波动,但仍处于较稳定状态。     

山东半岛南部海域渔业资源结构及关键种的年际变化

关键种及其与群落中其他物种的联系,对维持整个生态系统的稳定性发挥了重要作用。基于2016-2018年山东半岛南部海域渔业资源调查与渔业种类食性文献数据,构建了山东半岛南部海域食物网拓扑结构并计算了拓扑重要性指数,筛选了群落关键种并分析了其年际变化。2016-2018年山东半岛南部海域食物网包含物种20~22个,摄食关系数量59~65个,年际差异不明显;食物网拓扑结构密度范围为0.3048~0.3684,种间关联度为0.1451~0.1634;群落关键种均为鳀(Engraulis japonicus)和黄鮟鱇(Lophius litulon)。鳀作为关键被捕食者,黄鮟鱇作为关键捕食者,两者对群落结构的能量流动和信息传递起关键作用;鳀和黄鮟鱇在2016-2018年均为优势种,但鳀优势度逐年下降,细纹狮子鱼(Liparis tanakae)从2017年开始也成为优势种。     

渤海鱼类群落结构关键种

基于2012—2016年每年8月渤海鱼类资源量底拖网调查数据,对鱼类群落进行了CLUSTER聚类分析和MDS标序,根据组间差异种和组内相似种年际贡献率,筛选鱼类群落结构关键种,结果显示:(1)在29.93%~35.69%的相似性水平上,2012—2016年各年度渤海鱼类群落分组情况良好,相应MDS系数都小于0.2。(2)2012—2016年渤海鱼类组间种类组成差异都极显著(P=0.001),贡献组间80%累积差异性,且出现率超过50%的鱼类,4个年度共有的种有鳀(Engraulis japonicus)、3个年度共有的种有黄鲫(Setipinna taty);组间差异性贡献率大于10%,且出现率超过50%的鱼类,3个年度共有种仅有鳀,2个年度共有种仅有黄鲫。(3)贡献2012–2016年渤海鱼类群落组内相似性80%累积贡献率,且出现率超过50%的鱼类,2个年度共有的种有鳀、矛尾虾虎鱼(Chaeturichthys stigmatias)和矛尾复虾虎鱼(Synechogobius hasta);组内相似性贡献率大于10%,且出现率超过50%的鱼类,3个年度共有种有鳀,2个年度共有种有矛尾虾虎鱼和矛尾复虾虎鱼。(4)依据2012—2016年渤海鱼类群落结构相似性与差异性中各鱼种累积贡献率和单贡献率的大小和出现频率,推断鳀是渤海鱼类群落结构的首要关键种,其次为黄鲫,然后是矛尾虾虎鱼和矛尾复虾虎鱼。这4种鱼的站位平均资源量对中上层鱼类及底层鱼类站位平均资源量的比例及相关性和回归性,以及年度的优势度指数也证实上述关键种观点。综上所述,渤海鱼类群落结构首要关键种为鳀,其次为黄鲫,渤海鱼类关键种的研究可为渤海捕捞产业的调整和渔业资源的养护提供科学依据。     

莱州湾鱼类群落的营养结构及其变化

2011年5月~2012年4月期间对莱州湾进行了9次底拖网调查，对采集的20种鱼类4 854个胃含物样品进行了分析。结果表明，莱州湾鱼类群落包括浮游动物食性、底栖动物食性、鱼食性、杂食性和广食性5种食性类型，其中底栖动物食性鱼类是莱州湾各月份鱼类群落的重要食性类型，钩虾和双壳类等底栖动物饵料在莱州湾生态系统的食物关系中起着关键的作用。秋末和初春的莱州湾鱼类群落以底栖动物食性鱼类为主，食性类型单一；随着水温升高，鱼类群落的食性类型逐渐变得丰富。分析表明，莱州湾海域鱼类群落的营养结构有利于增殖放流品种后期的生长存活，建议跟踪调查增殖放流点周边海域的食物关系和饵料基础，同时结合多学科调查，选择最佳的增殖放流地点和时间，才能切实有效地保证增殖放流的效果。     

海州湾及其邻近海域鱼类群落结构冗余度

过度捕捞、环境污染等人类活动以及气候变化等影响着海洋鱼类群落动态及其稳定性。为深入研究海州湾海域鱼类群落结构及其变化,根据2011年、2013—2016年春、秋两季在该海域进行的渔业资源与环境调查数据,应用多元统计分析和结构冗余度分析方法,研究了海州湾海域春、秋季鱼类群落结构冗余度。结果显示,海州湾及邻近海域春、秋季鱼类均可划分为南北两个群落。春季北部群落的典型种包括方氏云鳚、细纹狮子鱼、黄鮟鱇和大泷六线鱼;南部群落的典型种为小黄鱼、短吻红舌鳎、方氏云鳚和星康吉鳗。秋季北部群落的典型种为棘绿鳍鱼、长蛇鲻和星康吉鳗;南部群落典型种包括短吻红舌鳎、棘头梅童鱼、鮸、矛尾虾虎鱼、小黄鱼和皮氏叫姑鱼。春、秋季鱼类群落响应单元数均为1,群落结构冗余度水平低;响应单元中种类与南、北鱼类群落典型种组成相似,表明海州湾春、秋季鱼类群落空间结构特征主要受方氏云鳚、细纹狮子鱼、小黄鱼、棘绿鳍鱼和长蛇鲻等少数种类决定。决定海州湾及邻近海域鱼类群落结构特征的可替代种类较少,当主要种类受损时,群落结构会发生较大变化,鱼类群落结构稳定性较低。     

山东半岛北部海域渔业生物群落结构及健康评价

山东半岛北部海域是渤、黄海众多渔业生物的产卵场或索饵场，对渤、黄海渔业资源补充和繁衍发挥重要支撑作用。本研究基于2021年5—6月山东半岛北部水域渔业资源调查数据，结合历史资料，通过食物网拓扑结构与社会网络分析法，分析了山东半岛北部海域渔业资源结构、优势种、关键种和多样性，并以2011—2013年山东近海渔业生物健康状况为基准，评价了山东半岛北部海域渔业生物健康状况。研究显示，2021年山东半岛北部海域春季中上层鱼类所占比例减少，优势种与重要种种类减少，均以小型、经济价值较低的种类为主。优势种鳀(Engraulis japonicus)在渔获物中占比增加。脊腹褐虾(Crangon affinis)为无脊椎动物绝对优势种。群落关键种为细纹狮子鱼(Liparis tanakae)、黄 (Lophius litulon)、鳀、小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)和矛尾 虎鱼(Chaeturichthys stigmatias)。2021年春季渔业生物密度、鱼类密度和甲壳类密度健康指数均为健康状态，而头足类密度健康指数则处于亚健康状态。相比2011—2013年，多种经济种类密度有较大增长，山东半岛北部海域渔业生物健康状况总体良好。     

崂山湾春季鱼类群落的摄食生态及其主要种类

崂山湾位于黄海的胶州湾和丁字湾之间,海湾开阔,是当前增殖放流的重点海域。根据2014年5月在崂山湾海域进行的底拖网调查,分析了该海域春季鱼类群落的种类组成和摄食生态。结果表明,崂山湾春季鱼类群落共32种鱼类,隶属8目,21科,30属;以鲈形目(Perciformes)的虾虎鱼科(Gobiidae)和石首鱼科(Sciaenidae)种类最多;优势种有皮氏叫姑鱼(Johnius belengerii)、短吻红舌鳎(Cynoglossus joyneri)和矛尾虾虎鱼(Chaeturichthys stigmatias),主要种有大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)、斑鰶(Clupanodon punctatus)、赤鼻棱鳀(Thrissa kammalensis)、丝虾虎鱼(Cryptocentrus filifer)、方氏云鳚(Enedrias fangi)和银鲳(Pampus argenteus)。崂山湾春季鱼类群落的种类丰富度指数R为3.19,多样性指数H′为2.34;均匀度指数J′为0.68。胃含物分析结果表明,春季崂山湾生态系统鱼类群落的平均营养级为3.52;主要包括了浮游动物食性、杂食性和底栖动物食性3种食性类型,以底栖动物食性鱼类为主。在当前捕捞、气候变化和人类活动等多重压力下,海湾生态系统承受了巨大的压力,针对不同的海湾生态系统进行基础调研,可为制订相应的增殖放流、渔业保护和管理策略提供重要科学依据。     

黄河入海泥沙年际通量对莱州湾渔业资源结构的影响

根据2009年8月-2013年8月莱州湾海域渔业拖网调查数据,分析该海域渔业种群组成、优势种、空间分布和资源量的年际变动,以了解黄河入海泥沙通量对莱州湾渔业结构的影响.结果表明:(1)莱州湾渔业资源量整体呈下降趋势,主要以鱼类为主,甲壳类次之,头足类最少;鱼类中以中上层鱼类为主,网获量明显多于底层鱼类,但2011年8月底层鱼类稍多于中上层鱼类;(2)莱州湾渔业资源各年份的优势种有所变动,中上层鱼类和底层鱼类的优势种变动较大,甲壳类优势种变动较少,鱼类优势种组成存在年际更替现象,主要由经济价值高、个体大的种类向经济价值低、个体小的种类演替.主要优势种集中于斑鲦、矛尾鰕虎鱼、口虾蛄、小带鱼和日本枪乌贼等种类.2010年斑鲦大量暴发,为唯一优势种;(3)2009-2013年黄河入海泥沙年际通量与鱼类种数、底层鱼类数和渔业资源数存在显著相关性,与底层鱼类生物量存在极显著相关性.综上所述,黄河入海泥沙年际通量的变动对莱州湾渔业资源量和资源结构都产生了一定影响.     

辽东湾鱼类群落结构的季节变化特征

为探究辽东湾鱼类群落结构的季节变化特征，于2020年5月(春季)、8月(夏季)和10月(秋季)在该海域进行了3个航次的底拖网调查，据此分析辽东湾鱼类种类组成、优势种、多样性和群落空间结构随季节变化的情况，并计算群落季节更替与迁移指数，建立鱼类群落丰度-生物量比较曲线。调查结果显示：辽东湾春、夏、秋3个季节共捕获鱼类58种，其中春季34种、夏季49种、秋季46种；优势种春季为短吻红舌鳎、黄鲫和皮氏叫姑鱼，夏季为矛尾虾虎鱼、短吻红舌鳎、白姑鱼、皮氏叫姑鱼和斑鱼祭，秋季为矛尾虾虎鱼、短吻红舌鳎、六丝钝尾虾虎鱼、黄鲫和皮氏叫姑鱼；鱼类群落的多样性指数为1.34～1.63,丰富度指数为1.44～1.68,均匀度指数为0.60～0.64;辽东湾鱼类可分为3个群落类型，靠近湾顶的北部近岸浅滩水域群落、辽东湾中南部深水区群落和辽东湾湾口深水区群落，其中春季和夏季可分为3个群落组，秋季分为2个群落组；鱼类群落的空间分布在春、夏季与底层温度相关性系数最高(春季R=0.270、夏季R=0.408),在秋季与水深相关系数最高(秋季R=0.376);丰度-生物量比较曲线结果显示，辽东湾鱼类丰度优势度曲线均位于生...     

基于生态网络结构的浙江南部近海鱼类群落关键种识别

对2016-2019年浙江南部近海底拖网采集的主要鱼类进行食性分析,并结合前期摄食习性资料,以种间营养关系为基础构建浙江南部近海鱼类群落的食物网拓扑,以拓扑网络指标结合KPP运算确定该海域的鱼类群落关键种.结果表明:(1)对浙江南部近海的34种主要鱼类开展胃含物分析,共形成营养连接数276对.(2)拓扑食物网中带鱼(T...     

Ionoregulatory responses to temperature change in two species of freshwater fish

We examined the ionoregulatory responses to temperature changes in two species of freshwater fish that differ in thermal preferences; the stenothermal, cold-water rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the more eurythermal, warm-water common shiner (Notropis cornutus). We found that rainbow trout maintained constant plasma Na⁺ levels over the entire temperature regime (5–20 °C). Upon transfer from 15 °C (holding temperature) to 5 and 10 °C, rainbow trout experienced a significant drop in Na⁺ uptake (J_in ^Na), but after two weeks J_in ^Na had upregulated to warm temperature levels. Further, Na⁺ efflux (J_out ^Na) fell significantly at the colder temperatures. As a result, trout at the lowest temperatures were still in ion balance. When trout were exercised to exhaustion both O₂ consumption (MO₂) and J_out ^Na rose significantly at all temperatures, but while MO₂ continued to be dependent upon temperature, J_out ^Na was high and constant. In contrast to the trout, common shiners experienced a 20% drop in plasma Na⁺ at 5 °C. Upon exposure to cold temperatures they experienced a reduced J_in ^Na, and showed no signs of acclimation during the subsequent two weeks. Likewise J_out ^Na was constant at all temperatures. These findings raise questions regarding the degree to which fish employ homeostatic mechanisms designed to defend a set- point (i.e., steady-state) osmolarity and ionic composition.     

Using a topological approach to identify keystone species of fish in eutrophic lake ecosystems: A case of Zhushan Bay,Taihu Lake

Eutrophication is a global aquatic environmental problem. Traditional biomanipulation targeting keystone species has been effective for restoring eutrophic lakes. In this study, we conducted monthly fishery assessments and identified keystone species in Zhushan Bay of Taihu Lake, the most representative lake in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. We built the topological structure of Zhushan Bay's food web based on feeding relationships and calculated network indices of fish groups in the food web using network analysis, combined with Key Player Problem operation. Culter mongolicus, Culter alburnus, Protosalanx hyalocranius and Salangichthys tangkahkeii were the keystone species in Zhushan Bay's food web. Culter mongolicus and Culter alburnus had the greatest impact on the food web after removal. Protosalanx hyalocranius had the fastest speed of transmitting information. Salangichthys tangkahkeii was the key baitfish with the strongest ability to determine structure of species in higher trophic levels. Our study provided a reference for scientific management of shallow lake ecosystems and biological solutions for restoration of eutrophic lakes.     

大陈洋产卵场保护区鱼类群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

为了解大陈洋产卵场保护区的保护效果,基于2018年4月(春季)和11月(秋季)在大陈洋产卵场保护区的渔业资源调查数据,利用相对重要性指数(IRI)、多样性分析、聚类分析和典范对应分析(CCA)等方法,对该海域鱼类群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系进行了相关分析。结果显示,共捕获鱼类83种,隶属于9目51科,其中优势种鱼类2种,重要种18种,隶属于5目11科,优势种为六丝钝尾虾虎鱼和龙头鱼。等级聚类(CLUSTER)和非度量多维测度(NMDS)分析表明,春、秋季鱼类群落在空间上均可分为3组,且群落组间差异显著,龙头鱼、七星底灯鱼、赤鼻棱鳀等是影响群落结构季节变化的主要分歧种。ABC曲线分析表明,春季鱼类群落受到中度干扰(W=0.027);秋季鱼类群落处于较为严重干扰状态(W=-0.185)。典范对应(CCA)分析表明,水深、温度和盐度为影响该海域鱼类种类组成及群落结构时空变化的重要海洋理化因子。与2015年和2017年同期资源量相比,2018年11月生物量和丰度均大幅增加。研究表明,保护区的建立对渔业资源恢复起到了一定的保护作用,但想要将海洋资源恢复到理想状态,需要进行长久的资源保护。     

Osmoregulation in the mudskipper,Boleophthalmus boddaerti II. transepithelial potential and hormonal control

Boleophthalmus boddaerti submerged in 10%, 50% and 80% seawater (sw) for 7 days, had whole body transepithelial potentials (TEP) of 3.3, 18.3 and 22.9 mV, respectively. Hypophysectomy significantly decreased the TEP ofB. boddaerti and reversed the polarity of the TEP of the fish exposed to 10% sw.Hypophysectomy also significantly decreased the branchial Na⁺-K⁺ activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase) activity but increased the activity of branchial HCO₃ ^–-Cl^– stimulated adenosine triphosphatase (HCO₃ ^–,Cl^–-ATPase) inB. boddaerti exposed to 10% sw. However, survival in 10% sw was not significantly impaired by hypophysectomy and no significant change in plasma osmolality and plasma Na⁺ and Cl^– concentrations was observed.Various doses of ovine-prolactin or salmon-prolactin were unable to restore the TEP of hypophysectomizedB. boddaerti in 10% sw to that of the sham-operated fish. However, cortisol increased TEP to a positive value in hypophysectomizedB. boddaerti, though it was still lower than the sham-operated control. Cortisol treatment also affected the plasma osmolality, plasma Na⁺ and Cl^– contents and branchial Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase and HCO₃ ^–,Cl^–-ATPase activities. Overall, the hormonal control of osmoregulation inB. boddaerti appeared to differ from that of other teleosts.     

Age-related changes in 2-[125I]-iodomelatonin binding sites in the brain of sea breams (Sparus aurata,L.)

The pineal organ of fish, through its 24h rhythmic release of melatonin, acts as a transducer of the photoperiod, influencing different physiological functions (e.g., reproduction, growth). The target sites for melatonin are poorly known in fish, especially marine species. A radioligand study was undertaken using the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) maintained under natural temperature and photoperiod (at 28°N latitude). This species exhibits the property of changing sex during growth. Brains of one year-old males were collected at 16:00h and brains of three year-old females at 03:00, 10:00, 16:00 and 23:00h. Membrane homogenate receptor assays were run using 2-[¹²⁵I]iodomelatonin as a ligand. Binding sites were detected in brains of young and old fish. In the younger, the exhibited a B_max between 3.52 and 4.29 fmol mg protein^–1 and a K_D between 358–380 pmol l^–1. In the older fish, the K_D varied according to a daily pattern: values were three times higher at 03:00 and 10:00h (500–600 pmol l^–1) than at 16:00 and 23:00h (150–300 pmol l^–1). The number of sites also were higher at 03:00 and 10:00h (180–200 fmol mg protein^–1) than at 16:00 and 23:00h (95–110 fmol mg protein^–1). Melatonin and iodomelatonin displaced 2-[¹²⁵I]iodomelatonin binding in a dose dependent manner, the second being more potent than the first. Binding was also inhibited by GTP. The results provide the first evidence for the presence of membrane melatonin binding sites in the brain of an exclusively marine fish. They suggest that their number and affinity varies during growth and throughout a light/dark cycle. Future experiments will aim to precise the anatomical location and role of these binding sites.     

Substitution of fish meal with sunflower seed meal in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) reared in earthen ponds

This study investigated sunflower seed meal (SSM) as dietary protein replacement of fish meal (FM) for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles (initial mean weight of 19.8 ± 6.3 g) reared in earthen ponds for 210 days. SSM replaced 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% (i.e., D₂₅, D₅₀, D₇₅, and D₁₀₀, respectively) of FM in an isonitrogenous and isocaloric diet. The optimum FM replacement level of D₂₅ as predicted by the equation y = 177.5 + 26.5x – 7.9x² yielded an optimum weight of about 184 g within 100 days. Thus D₂₅ was the most effective SSM level for Nile tilapia growth in earthen ponds. Fish growth declined as SSM exceeded D₂₅. The length-weight relationship (r ≥ 90%) depicted an isometric fish growth. Nutrient utilization parameters were similar in all the diets except for D₁₀₀. The protein content of fish carcass was highest in the control and D₂₅, while fiber level was highest in D₁₀₀. Amino acids imbalance and high fiber content could have reduced the fish growth at D₅₀, D₇₅, and D₁₀₀.     

Effects of supplementary fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) essential oil in diet on growth and reproductive performance of the ornamental fish,Convict cichlid (Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum)

This study evaluated the effects of diet containing 0 (C: control), 75 (D₁), 100 (D₂), 125 (D₃) and 150 (D₄) mg kg^?1 F. vulgare essential oil on growth and reproductive performance of C. nigrofasciatum. A total of 225 Convict cichlids female with mean weight (1.65 ± 0.02 g) were distributed into 15 glass aquaria (15 fish tank^?1) in triplicate treatments. During 40 days of experimental period, fish fed at 3% of their body weight daily. At the end of experiment, growth indices, gonadosomatic index and reproductive indices were determined. The best feed conversion ratio was obtained in D₄ (1.19 ± 0.03, P < 0.05). The addition of F. vulgare essential oil did not have any statistical effects on other growth indices (specific growth rate, weight gain and condition factor). Total survival rates in all treatments and control were uniformly high, ranging from 93% to 97% (P > 0.05). F. vulgare essential oil has no negative effect on survival rate of C. nigrofasciatum. There were no significant differences among protein content of fish body (P > 0.05). The lowest value of fat content (26.5 ± 0.5%) was observed in D_2, and it had significant difference with control and other groups (P < 0.05). The ash percentage in treatments fed with F. vulgare essential oil were higher than control fish (P < 0.05). The highest moisture content was detected in D₄ (72.68 ± 0.19%) and D₂ (71.23 ± 2%) groups. Among the used dosage, D₄ was the most effective dosage that could significantly increase GSI (11.06 ± 1.55%), fecundity (340 ± 21) and hatching ratio (92.33 ± 1.63%). There were no significant differences in diameter of eggs among various treatments (P > 0.05).     

东海深海底层鱼类群落及其结构的研究

本文据东海深海1981年底鱼资源调查资料,按不同站、水深带之间计算渔获物组成的相似性指数C_2,应用聚类分析方法等综合分析,结果表明:调查海区底层鱼类可区分为东海大陆架(外缘)群落、东海大陆被群落和冲绳海槽(西侧)群落等三个(主)群落。其中,东海大陆坡群落还可细分为大陆坡上部、中部和下部等三个亚群落。同时,应用种类多样性、均匀性、丰盛度和优势度指数(H~1;D、J、d和D_2),对群落结构进行分析,结果表明:H~1、D、J或d值,一般是水深浅处较小,深处较大,它们随水深的变化趋势相似;D_2值则与以上各值大致相反。作者认为除种类组成和多样性指数外,种类相似性指数也是反映生物群落结构的一个重要特征。