首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
气泡幕可作为海洋牧场鱼群控制的技术手段之一。本研究通过改变气泡幕在水槽中的相对位置和试验许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegeli)的密度来观察许氏平鲉的行为反应,运用了观察法、对照试验法和控制变量法探究了气泡幕对不同密度下的许氏平鲉的阻拦效果。结果显示:1)试验鱼20尾时,气泡幕的位置分别设置在矩形水槽长的1/4、1/2和3/4处(鱼的密度为12.52、6.26、4.17尾/m2),阻拦率分别达到了98.2%、88.4%和92.9%,阻拦效果明显。2)气泡幕设置在水槽长度方向的1/2处,试验鱼分别为5尾、10尾、15尾和20尾时,气泡幕阻拦率分别达到了100%、85.7%、100%和88.4%(鱼群密度分别为1.56、3.12、4.69、6.26尾/m2),阻拦效果良好。3)由于阻拦率较高,试验鱼群密度和阻拦效率没有明显的关系。本研究结果可为我国投放许氏平鲉的海洋牧场鱼群控制技术以及取水口拦鱼技术提供参考。  相似文献   

2.
烟台浅海区不同养殖系统养殖效果的比较   总被引:11,自引:1,他引:10  
杨红生 《水产学报》2000,24(2):140-145
于1998年4月5日至6月23日,在山东烟台市四十里湾海区进行了3种养殖模式养殖效果比较的模拟实验。在该海区岸边建立了栉孔扇贝(Chamys farreri)单养,栉孔扇贝和海带(Laminaria japonica)混养,栉孔扇贝、海带和刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)混养等3个系列、9个养殖系统和1个对照系统(5.0m*2.0m*1.0m,日换水量100%),进行对比实验。  相似文献   

3.
2000年在广西水产研究所蟹场的两个水泥池进行了南美白对虾淡水池养试验。在192m^2的水池中投放平均全长1.10cm的淡化虾苗1.75万尾,经80d饲养,生产成虾88kg。成虾平均全长9.63cm(最大10.08cm),平均体长8.28cm(最大为9.50cm),平均体重7.81g(最大为11.90g),平均养殖成活率为64.4%。采用水泥池养殖、淡化后放养、投喂人工合颗粒饲料、调控水质、适时捕  相似文献   

4.
桑沟湾栉孔扇贝不同养殖方式及适宜养殖水层研究   总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9  
在桑沟湾内,对栉孔扇贝Chlamys(Azumapecten)farreri(JonesetPreston)的笼养与串耳养殖等不同养殖方式及不同水层(1m、2m、3m、4m)的养殖效果进行了综合试验和分析。结果表明:(1)串耳养殖的扇贝平均壳高增长比笼养扇贝生长快,两种方式效果差异极明显(P<0.01);(2)串耳养殖方式以2m为最佳养殖水层,其次为1m和3m,4m水层最差,而且2m与4m的养殖效果存在明显差异(P<0.05);(3)笼养方式的最佳水层为4m,其养殖效果依次为4m>1m>3m和2m。试验显示,在不同的养殖方式下,栉孔扇贝最佳生长的养殖水层是不同的。本文还对产生这一差异的原因进行了分析讨论  相似文献   

5.
在6口海水土池(计1.9hm2)中分别按下列密度(万/m3)布苗:3,4,5,3,4和0.27,比较研究了中华绒螯蟹(Eri-ocheirsinensis)Ⅰ期氵蚤状幼体(Z1)的密度对幼体变态率和成活率的影响。结果表明,Z1的密度为4万/m3时,大眼幼体的变态率(大眼幼体密度占Z5密度的%;21.6%)和成活率(大眼幼体的密度占Z1密度的%;2.4%)及产量(42kg/hm2)最高。  相似文献   

6.
对虾池封闭式三元综合养殖的实验研究↑(*)   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
采用海水陆基围隔实验法探讨以对虾为主的中国对虾( Penaeus chinensis) 、罗非鱼( O.mossabicus×O.niloticus) 和缢蛏( Sinonovacula constricta) 投饵混养的最佳结构及N、P 的利用率等,并比较其养殖效果。结果表明,对虾的成活率、规格和净产量分别为70 .74 ~81 .95 % 、9 .16 ~10 .21 g/ind 和485 .4 ~567 .6kg/hm2 ;罗非鱼的出塘规格和净产量为202 .4 ~242 .5 g/ind 和66 .9 ~191 .9 kg/hm2 ;缢蛏的出塘规格和净产量分别为5 .23 ~6 .12 g/ind 和140 .4 ~456 .5 kg/hm2 。最佳结构与放养个体数的配比为对虾7 .21 ind/m2( 体长2 cm 左右) 、罗非鱼( 体重150 g 左右)0 .08 ind/m 2 和缢蛏( 壳长3 cm 左右)14 ind/m2 组,其N、P的总利用率为23 .39 % 和14 .66 % 。  相似文献   

7.
花鲈苗种淡水池塘培育试验   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
冯晓宇 《淡水渔业》1996,26(6):9-11
从自然海区捕获的平均全长1.7cm、平均体重0.0590g的花鲈稚鱼,在淡水池塘中培育41d,达到平均全长6.35cm,平均体重2.5904g,成活率达45.9%,取得了较好的效果。  相似文献   

8.
南美白对虾池塘淡水养殖试验   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
1999年在广西水产研究所中试基地进行了南美白对虾池塘淡水养殖试验。在600m^2的淡水池塘中投放平均全长2.35cm的淡化虾苗2.5万尾,经70d饲养,生产成虫98kg,成虾平均全长5.59cm(最大为10.6cm),平均体长8.34cm(最大为9.4cm),平均体重7.73g(最大为11.5g),养殖成活率为50.7%。  相似文献   

9.
用放在海水池塘中的8个陆基围隔(50m×50m×18m),研究中国对虾(Penaeuschinensis)与不同密度海湾扇贝(Argopecteniradians)投饵混养的放养方式、生产力和极限放养量。对虾体长(285±016)cm,扇贝壳长(110±012)cm,放养密度分别为60尾/m2和0,15,45,75粒/m2,用投饵和施肥(鸡粪和化肥)饲养。结果表明,扇贝密度为0和15粒/m2时,对虾的成活率无显著差异。混养(扇贝15粒/m2)时对虾的出塘体长、体重和产量分别比单养高25%,38%和65%;当扇贝密度高于15粒/m2时,对虾的平均体长、体重和产量随扇贝密度的增加而显著减少(P<005)。扇贝密度为15和75粒/m2时,其产量由470kg/hm2增至1236kg/hm2;当扇贝密度高时,去壳后湿重占体重的百分数从(4284±344)%降至(3788±426)%。扇贝的极限放养量为600~800kg/hm2,适宜放养密度为10~15粒/m2。  相似文献   

10.
牙鲆自净式水槽氨化细菌数量及氨化速率   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
牙鲆(Paralichthys olivaceus)工厂化养殖一般采用流水,耗水又耗能。为节省能源,我们提出采用自净式养鱼池的设想,并且在实验室进行了养殖牙鲆、甲鱼、鲍鱼的模拟实验研究,效果较好。本文对净化层和水层中氨化细菌数量、净化功能和氨化速率进行了测定与比较。1材料与方法1.1装置 容量约60 L的水槽6个,将1#-4#水槽组装为自净式养鱼装置,在底部铺厚60—70 mm的砾石(粒径6~10mm),砾石上铺一层60目筛绢网,网上铺厚50-60 mm洗净的沙子。其中砾石下埋有导水管,该管经一直立…  相似文献   

11.
12.
The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.  相似文献   

13.
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.  相似文献   

14.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.  相似文献   

15.
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

16.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.  相似文献   

17.
18.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.  相似文献   

19.
The endemic, anadromous cyprinidChalcalburnus tarichi is the only fish species known to occur in alkaline Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). EightC. tarichi were maintained individually in Lake Van water (17 – 19°C; pH 9.8; 153 mEq·I–1 total alkalinity; 22 total salinity) and tank water samples analyzed for 24 h in 2 to 4 h intervals. At zero time, < 1µM ammonia was present and urea was undetectable in the tank water; at 24 h, total ammonia and urea made up 114±32 and 35±25µM, respectively. Over the experimental period, ammonia-N and urea-N excretion averaged 1041±494 and 607±169moles·kg–1 fish·h–1, respectively. The extent of urea excretion was highly variable between specimens. Uric acid excretion was not detectable.Urea was present at high concentrations in all tissues and plasma (25 – 35moles·g–1·ml–1) of freshly caughtC. tarichi; total ammonia content of the tissues was by a factor of 1.9 (liver) to 3.0 (brain) lower. High arginase activity (2.4±0.2 U·min–1·g–1) was detected in the liver ofC. tarichi but ornithine carbamoylphosphate transferase, a key enzyme of the ornithine-urea-cycle, was absent. Ureagenesis is likely through degradation of arginine and/or uricolysis. High glutamine synthetase activity (11±0.6 U·min–1·g–1) and low ammonia content in brain suggest that, like other teleosts,C. tarichi has an efficient ammonia detoxification in the brain, but in no other tissue.Nitrogenous waste excretion at alkaline pH is discussed. The ability ofC. tarichi to excrete high levels of ammonia at extremely alkaline pH is unique among teleosts studied so far. The mechanism of ammonia excretion under Lake Van conditions remains to be elucidated.  相似文献   

20.
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号