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青岛地区海参养殖已成为继对虾养殖之后又一新的海水养殖热点。及时开展海参规范化繁育及养殖推广成为当前海水养殖工作者的一项首要任务。笔者从2007年4月起在青岛市无公害水产品养殖基地——即墨市海昌水产养殖公司开展海参育苗养殖试点,现将有关技术总结如下: 相似文献
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调查了两口海参养殖池塘的水质变化情况,对水温进行了全年监测,在4-9月份对pH、NH4+-N、NO2--N、TN、TP和COD进行定期监测。结果表明:池塘底层水温全年在-0.8~30.9℃之间变化,最低温出现在1月份,温度为-0.8℃,最高温出现在7月末,温度为30.9℃。pH在8.13~8.57之间变化,波动较小,池塘间差异不明显(P0.05);NH4+-N在0.090~0.309 mg/L之间变化,NO2--N变化范围为0.017~0.049mg/L,两池塘差异显著(P0.05);TN变化范围为2.749~5.880mg/L,TP为0.049~0.129mg/L,两池塘间差异不显著(P0.05);COD变化范围为7.28~8.40mg/L,非常稳定,池塘间差异不显著(P0.05)。监测期间水温有明显的季节变化,其他水质指标有波动,但没有明显的季节变化,水质整体保持在比较适宜的范围,海参生长良好。 相似文献
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地处黄河口的东营市有着丰富的滩涂资源。为了增加当地的养殖品种,2008年,山东省海洋水产研究所在东营金海田海珍品有限公司进行了海参工厂化育苗,取得了成功。科研人员克服了当地水质浑浊,含盐量夏天偏低,水中浮游植物过多的不利条件,在300m^3的水体中育出变色稚参2000万头。现将主要育苗流程总结如下: 相似文献
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大弹涂鱼土池育苗技术要点 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
一、池塘建造要求 1.池塘要求 池塘底质以软泥质为佳。面积从半亩到几亩均可,以小型池管理更方便。池堤高0.6米以上,堤顶内侧四周围栏,围栏高1米,选用20目网布制成,防大弹涂鱼逃跑及有害动物的侵入。池塘进排水口设拦网,网目选择80目以上。 相似文献
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近日,由河口区海洋与渔业局渔技站与当地海参养殖龙头企业共同承担的黄河三角洲地区生态海参育苗及池塘筑礁养殖试验荣获东营市科技进步一等奖,为提高海参养殖科技水平奠定了基础。该项目立足黄河三角洲地区广阔的滩涂资源优势,通过引进海参进行池塘养殖的研究和推广,在参池的建造、筑礁、底栖藻等养殖技术和模式的应用方面取得突破性进展,提高了池塘利用率及产品的质量和效益, 相似文献
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<正>近年来,海参养殖和育苗规模不断扩大,传统育苗技术存在成本高和育苗周期长等缺点,已难满足生产的需要。而半人工育苗技术同传统全人工育苗技术相比,优势明显:第一,操作相对简便;第二,节省育苗成本;第三,可以缩短育苗周期。下面根据广大基层水产工作者的实践,并结合笔者经验,将海参半人工育苗的 相似文献
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黑斑口虾蛄土池育苗与中间培育技术的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过黑斑口虾蛄土池育苗与中间培育试验,结果表明:亲虾蛄运输成活率平均为75 6%,保湿干运成活率与亲虾蛄本身的活力、起运前的干露时间或是否冰水刺激、运输时气温高低、运输时间、性腺成熟度及运输工具振动程度等有关。在适温范围内,随着水温的升高,胚胎发育时间缩短,本试验条件下(22~30℃),胚胎发育需16d。本试验共育出虾蛄苗586万尾,平均育成率为12 4%,最高育成率为21%;幼体发育速度与水温呈正相关,试验条件下(28~31℃),幼体孵出至虾蛄苗需14~17d;保持合理的幼体密度,维持适当的水色,并培育一定数量的浮游动物是提高育成率的关键。虾蛄苗的平均变态率(中间培育成活率)为40 0%,最高变态率为44 4%;变态率与底质、水色或混浊度、饵料或营养、互相残杀等有密切关系。虾蛄土池育苗优于水泥池,值得提倡。以Ⅲ相伪蚤状幼体后期为出苗标准是合理的。 相似文献
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采用Duncan's新复极差测验分析方法,对青岛(Q)、烟台(Y)、威海(W)、日照(R)、长岛(C)的野生刺参群体进行了不同组合的选种繁育技术研究,以当地刺参自交作为对照组,对各组合的体质量日增长率和体长日增长率进行了比较分析.数据分析表明,各选育组的生长优势明显高于对照组.其中,Y(♀)×Q(♂)选育组的体质量日增长率和体长日增长率最高,分别为5.31%/d、3.66%/d,表现出良好的选育优势.研究表明,不同组选育组合之间剌参体长日增长率与体质量日增长率之间有一定的线性关系,但其之间的线性关系不明显.而Q(♀)×W(♂)和W(♀)×C(♂)选育组合的稚幼参体质量日增长率和体长日增长率分别为3.39%/d、2.11%/d;2.63%/d、3.05%/d,说明在同期的一定时间内体质量日增长率与体长日增长率不呈正相关. 相似文献
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Eight light‐intensity treatments (natural light, continuous darkness, and 15, 30, 60, 125, 250 and 500 lx under LD 12:12 cycle) were used to investigate the effects of light intensity on the daily activity of 30.27±3.08 g sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka). Cyclic nocturnal activity patterns of behaviour were observed at different light intensities in the range of 15–500 lx under LD 12:12 cycle. And an ongoing nocturnal cycle persisted in DD cycle for up to 8 days, but longer feeding time and less marked rhythm occurred at continuous darkness. Under poor light conditions (I<5.18 lx), the daily activity rhythm of A. japonicus was governed by an innate biological clock and the effect of light intensity was not significant among different treatments. And more individuals tended to retreat to shelters (from 56.04% to 91.83%) with the increase of light intensity within the weak light condition (from 5.18 to 278 lx). However, the daily behaviours of A. japonicus were influenced under strong light conditions (>278 lx). Less than 8.17% individuals kept actively feeding and the proportion was not decreased with the increase of light intensity. 相似文献
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利用已构建的仿刺参cDNA文库得到的线粒体DNA(mtDNA)相关基因序列设计扩增引物,测定了大连仿刺参线粒体基因组全序列,并对其进行了基因构成和进化分析。仿刺参线粒体基因组序列长16 109bp,其基因构成与其他后口动物基本一致,包括37个基因(2个rRNA基因、22个tRNA基因和13个蛋白质编码基因)和3个主要的非编码区。在其37个基因中,ND6、tRNASer(AGN)、tRNAGln、tRNAAla、tRNAVal、TrnaAsp位于L链上,其余均位于H链上。在13个蛋白质编码基因中,除ND1的起始密码子为GTG外,其余均以ATG作为起始密码子;除Cytb以"T"作为终止密码子外,其他蛋白质基因均具有完全的终止密码子,且在已知的棘皮动物线粒体蛋白质基因中,部分基因的起始和终止密码子表现出一定的纲内特异性。比较分析了大连、青岛、威海仿刺参线粒体基因组,三者的基因组成和排列相同,碱基组成相近,蛋白质编码基因的起始和终止密码子完全一致,但存在核苷酸和氨基酸序列的差异。三者的控制区序列存在多个插入/缺失和SNP位点。根据COI、Cytb和ND4计算了三者之间的遗传距离为0.006~0.018,遗传距离分析和系统进化关系分析都显示青岛仿刺参和威海仿刺参的关系较大连仿刺参更近。 相似文献
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Lei Gao Chongbo He Xiangbo Bao Hao Su Xianggang Gao Yunfeng Li Weidong Liu Zhen Ma 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(4):1787-1798
This study investigated the microbial community, water quality, bacterial densities and growth performance in the industrial aquaculture system of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus without water exchange. Six treatments were set including, C (control treatment without sea cucumber culturing), S (small individual treatment), B (big individual treatment), Sd (small individual treatment with high density), Ss (small individual treatment adding carbohydrate source) and Sb (small individual treatment adding effective microorganisms). A total of 27916–32236 optimized reads and 564–742 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from each samples. The phylum Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Cyanobacteria predominated, representing 69.01–97.21% of the bacterial communities in the water samples. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that higher similarity was observed among S, Sd, Ss and Sb. The densities of TB and Vibrio in Ss were significantly higher than those in the other culture treatments after the 7th day. The concentrations of NH4‐N, NO2‐N, NO3‐N and PO4‐P in Ss and Sb were relatively lower than the other treatments. Conclusively, no deterioration was found in the water environment parameters during the 21‐day culture period without water exchange, indicating that low‐level water exchange protocol may be applied to the industrial aquaculture system. Based on the effects of different operations on culture system, industrial aquaculture is proved to be a viable way to rear sea cucumber. 相似文献
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Farming of the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka) started 20 years ago and is still in rapid expansion in China. In order to assess the genetic status of both wild and cultivated stocks of this species, we used eight microsatellite markers to estimate the level of genetic diversity within five hatchery stocks and two wild populations of A. japonicus, and compared the degree of genetic differentiation between them. High levels of polymorphism were observed over all loci. The mean alleles and expected heterozygosities over the seven stocks were 10.4–12.3 and 0.735–0.783 respectively. The results of the microsatellite survey provide no evidence to show that hatchery practice of the sea cucumber in China to date has significantly affected the genetic variability of the cultured stocks. Significant differentiation was found between most pairs of the hatchery stocks and wild populations (Fst range: 0.008–0.036), and no obvious difference was detected between the wild populations (Fst=0.008). The information on the genetic variation and differentiation obtained in this study can be applied for future genetic monitoring of A. japonicus aquaculture stocks and will be useful for future genetic improvement by selective breeding, and for designing suitable management guidelines for these genetic materials. 相似文献