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1.
研究采用全自动生化分析仪,检测并比较杂交鳢(乌鳢♂×斑鳢♀)及其亲本血清蛋白及甘油三酯含量的异同.结果显示,在总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)的含量上,杂交鳢均与其父本(乌鳢)无显著性差异,与其母本(斑鳢)有显著性差异(P<0.05);在高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量上,杂交鳢则与其父本(乌鳢)有显著性差异(P<0.05)...  相似文献   

2.
乌鳢及鳢科鱼类染色体组型的比较研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究了乌鳢的染色体组型,分析了与月鳢、斑鳢染色体组型的不同。结果表明:乌鳢的染色体数目为2n=48,核型公式为:4sm 22st 22t,最大染色体组位于st组。讨论了鱼类核型演化过程中的增加双倍染色体的倾向,具有较多t染色体的是较原始的种类,而具有较多m、sm染色体的种类是特化种类,即染色体臂数较多的为进化类型。比较3种鱼类的染色体特征,发现乌鳢的NF最多(68),sm染色体数也高于其它种类,说明鳢科谱系分类上的位置中,乌鳢的进化程度较高,适应性强,月鳢次之,斑鳢最原始。  相似文献   

3.
月鳢成鱼养殖技术月鳢是分布于我国长江以南山区和丘陵水域的淡水名贵经济鱼类,俗称星光鱼、七星鱼、秤星鱼等,分类地位上与乌鳢同属鳢科,但不同属。月鳢成体的可食率高(达75.6%),肌肉蛋白含量高于一般鱼类,具有治湿痹、祛风湿、养阴补血、促伤口愈合等药用价...  相似文献   

4.
月鳢的生物学特性及其养殖   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
月鳢的生物学特性及其养殖陈一骏,李启浩(湖北省荆州地区水产学校)月鳢(Channaasiatica)属于鲈形图(Perciformes)鳢科(Ophiocephalidae),鳢科鱼类在我国仅乌鳢、斑鳢及月鳢3种,以月鳢体型较小,只在广酉、广东、湖南...  相似文献   

5.
月鳢(L.)人工繁殖要点   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文用自由配对,设置鱼巢,注射HCG的方法进行月鳢人工繁殖。三年试验、生产结果表明,该法适用于苗种规模化生产,可高产稳产,技术成熟可靠。月鳢(L)属月鳢科,江西土名秤星鱼、七星鱼;与乌鳢近缘;主要分布于长江以南广大丘陵,山区的沼泽溪流中,野生种群不大,长江以北较少发现,具有观赏,食用,药用价值,颇受两广、香港人士青睐;市场售价远高于乌鳢。为使月鳢人工养殖规模化,我们进行了人繁试验与苗种生产,三年工  相似文献   

6.
月鳢 (Channaasiatica)是鳢科鱼类的一种 ,其价格高于乌鳢 4~ 6倍 ,已成为开发养殖的新品种。目前对鳢科鱼类的研究多集中在乌鳢 ,而对月鳢的研究仅限于一般生物学特性、人工繁殖、养殖等 ,还未见有关月鳢营养及配合饲料方面的研究报道。月鳢属于动物食性的鱼类 ,目前养殖多用动物鲜活饵料如小鱼、河蚌、蚯蚓等 ,由于动物饵料缺乏 ,一定程度上限制了月鳢养殖的发展。为此 ,我们 1 996~ 1 999年在进行月鳢生物学习性、人工繁殖研究的基础上 ,进行了月鳢配合饲料的研制 ,并进行了用配合饲料饲养月鳢的养殖试验 ,报道如下。1 …  相似文献   

7.
月鳢(Channa asiatica)是鳢科鱼类的一种,其价格高于乌鳢4~6倍,已成为开发养殖的新品种.目前对鳢科鱼类的研究多集中在乌鳢,而对月鳢的研究仅限于一般生物学特性、人工繁殖、养殖等,还未见有关月鳢营养及配合饲料方面的研究报道.月鳢属于动物食性的鱼类,目前养殖多用动物鲜活饵料如小鱼、河蚌、蚯蚓等,由于动物饵料缺乏,一定程度上限制了月鳢养殖的发展.为此,我们1996~1999年在进行月鳢生物学习性、人工繁殖研究的基础上,进行了月鳢配合饲料的研制,并进行了用配合饲料饲养月鳢的养殖试验,报道如下.  相似文献   

8.
乌斑杂交鳢     
正鳢科鱼类是我国重要优质淡水鱼类,产量高、肉质好,无肌间刺,药用价值高,经济效益好,在民间深受青睐。近年来养殖产量稳步增长,2014年已超过51万吨,为淡水鱼类第8大品种,在优质鱼类排名第一。我国鳢科鱼类主要包括乌鳢、斑鳢及月鳢等,养殖品种以乌鳢、斑鳢以及斑乌杂交鳢(斑鳢为母本、乌鳢为父本)为主,但每个品种都有其无法忽略  相似文献   

9.
采用K-4500型血细胞分析仪和OLympus Au400生化分析仪及参照人的血液性状分析法,测得斑鳢的红细胞(3.27±0.54)1012/L比乌鳢(3.71±0.51)1012/L的低,平均红细胞体积(128.5±3.62)fl比乌鳢(124.05±3.06)fl的高。血红蛋白(148.7±9.33)g/L含量比乌鳢(115.0±7.25)g/L高,斑鳢的细胞脆性比乌鳢的小。生化指标中斑鳢除血糖含量比乌鳢大外,血清总蛋白含量(37.30±4.06)g/L、白蛋白含量(21.67±3.39)g/L、血清中甘油三酯的含量(0.53±0.06)mmol/L、胆固醇(4.37±0.68)mmol/L都比乌鳢低。分析表明斑鳢的活动性、抗病力比乌鳢的强。  相似文献   

10.
乌鳢(Ophiocephalus argus)俗称生鱼、黑鱼,乌棒、斑鱼、蛇头鱼、孝鱼、墨头鱼等。乌鳢属硬骨鱼纲、鲈形目、攀鲈亚目、鳢科、鳢属。目前我国养殖的主要品种有乌鳢(两湖生鱼)、斑鳢(两广生鱼)及其杂交种。乌鳢是鳢科鱼类中个体大、生长快、产量和经济价值较高的名贵经济鱼类。其肉质细腻,肉味鲜美,刺少肉多,生长较快。  相似文献   

11.
12.
Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.  相似文献   

13.
The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.  相似文献   

14.
Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.  相似文献   

15.
Protein and amino acid composition of the mantle of juvenile O ctopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) during fasting for 27 days were determined. Average protein content of octopus mantle was of 711.19 ± 46.80 g kg?1 DW, and it decreased with increasing fasting days. The non‐essential amino acids content was higher (486.18 ± 11.08 g kg?1 protein) than essential amino acids (425.82 ± 9.15 g kg?1 protein) at the start of the experiment (unstarved animals). The results suggest that the amino acid profile of the mantle where the most abundant amino acids are Arg, His, Lys, Gly, Leu and Pro could indicate a prolonged fasting condition (>20 days) or poor nutrition of O . vulgaris. This study supports the idea of using mantle for metabolic needs of starved O . vulgaris suggesting that the degradation pathway of amino acids to pyruvate and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates was favoured contrary to the degradation pathway of ketogenic amino acids. Special considerations should be taken concerning Thr, Ile, Ser, Ala, Asx (Asp, Asn), Glx (Glu, Gln) (because of their fast intake) and Lys and His (due to their stable contents) during a prolonged period of fasting.  相似文献   

16.
In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.  相似文献   

17.
18.
Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL?1 (1.25 ng well?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.  相似文献   

19.
The endemic, anadromous cyprinidChalcalburnus tarichi is the only fish species known to occur in alkaline Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey). EightC. tarichi were maintained individually in Lake Van water (17 – 19°C; pH 9.8; 153 mEq·I–1 total alkalinity; 22 total salinity) and tank water samples analyzed for 24 h in 2 to 4 h intervals. At zero time, < 1µM ammonia was present and urea was undetectable in the tank water; at 24 h, total ammonia and urea made up 114±32 and 35±25µM, respectively. Over the experimental period, ammonia-N and urea-N excretion averaged 1041±494 and 607±169moles·kg–1 fish·h–1, respectively. The extent of urea excretion was highly variable between specimens. Uric acid excretion was not detectable.Urea was present at high concentrations in all tissues and plasma (25 – 35moles·g–1·ml–1) of freshly caughtC. tarichi; total ammonia content of the tissues was by a factor of 1.9 (liver) to 3.0 (brain) lower. High arginase activity (2.4±0.2 U·min–1·g–1) was detected in the liver ofC. tarichi but ornithine carbamoylphosphate transferase, a key enzyme of the ornithine-urea-cycle, was absent. Ureagenesis is likely through degradation of arginine and/or uricolysis. High glutamine synthetase activity (11±0.6 U·min–1·g–1) and low ammonia content in brain suggest that, like other teleosts,C. tarichi has an efficient ammonia detoxification in the brain, but in no other tissue.Nitrogenous waste excretion at alkaline pH is discussed. The ability ofC. tarichi to excrete high levels of ammonia at extremely alkaline pH is unique among teleosts studied so far. The mechanism of ammonia excretion under Lake Van conditions remains to be elucidated.  相似文献   

20.
Tetrahymena is a protozoan parasite, which infects guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters, and causes substantial economical losses in commercial farms worldwide. Studies of guppy infected by Tetrahymena require standardized infection protocols. The LD50 for Tetrahymena infection of guppies by intraperitoneal (IP) injection was calibrated, and the level obtained was 946 parasites per fish. Guppy infection with Tetrahymena by immersion, imitating the natural route of infection via the integument, was studied under normal or stress conditions. Exposure to cold and netting (CNI) and to cold only (CI) followed by immersion exposure to 10 000 Tetrahymena per mL resulted in 22.5% and 19.2% mortality, respectively, as compared to 14.2% and 10% in groups that were netted only (NI) or non‐stressed (I). Histopathology revealed that immersion infection resulted in a systemic infection. Lysozyme levels, measured 3 weeks after infection, were significantly higher in the CNI group (288 μg per mg protein) compared with CI‐, NI‐ and I‐treated groups (94.5, 64 and 62.3 μg mg?1, respectively). There was no evident parasite immobilization activity in body homogenates, suggesting no development of acquired immunity. Re‐infection by IP injection revealed no increase in protection in any of the treatment groups, mortality range of 56.3–75%, higher than in the non‐exposed control (40.6% mortality).  相似文献   

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